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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-14-110-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6437</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМОРБИДНЫЙ ПАЦИЕНТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMORBID PATIENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые данные о хорошо известном препарате: фокус на мельдоний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New data on well-known drug: focus on meldonium</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-0312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаценко</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Statsenko</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стаценко Михаил Евгеньевич, д.м.н., профессор, проректор по научной работе, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней</p><p>400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Statsenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Vice- Rector for Research, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>1, Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mestatsenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8844-2465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туркина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turkina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туркина Светлана Владимировна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней</p><p>400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Turkina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>1, Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turkina.vlg@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-2564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопушкова</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopushkova</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лопушкова Юлия Евгеньевна, ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней</p><p>400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya E. Lopushkova, Assistant of the Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>1, Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulija.89@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>14</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стаценко М.Е., Туркина С.В., Лопушкова Ю.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стаценко М.Е., Туркина С.В., Лопушкова Ю.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Statsenko M.E., Turkina S.V., Lopushkova Y.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6437">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6437</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проведен обзор эффективности применения мельдония у пациентов с различными заболеваниями, в основе которых лежит вторичная митохондриальная дисфункция. Митохондрии – это сложные клеточные органеллы, управляющие многими метаболическими процессами, включая окисление жирных кислот (ЖК), цикл Кребса, окислительное фосфорилирование в цепи переноса электронов и многие другие. Именно в матриксе митохондрий происходят каскад сопряженных реакций аэробного окисления глюкозы в цикле трикарбоновых кислот и пируватдегидрогеназная реакция, в результате чего образуются субстраты, окисляющиеся в дыхательной цепи митохондрий, локализованной во внутренней митохондриальной мембране и непосредственно отвечающей за синтез аденозинтрифосфата (АТФ) – основного источника энергии для всех процессов, протекающих в  клетке. Повреждение митохондрий может способствовать активизации свободнорадикальных процессов и инициации механизмов программированной клеточной гибели. В обзоре представлены данные по эффективности использования мельдония в качестве лекарственного средства, помогающего купировать патологические процессы в митохондриях. Мельдоний угнетает синтез карнитина и транспорт длинноцепочечных ЖК через оболочки клеток, препятствует накоплению в клетках активированных форм недоокисленных ЖК – производных ацилкарнитина и ацилкоэнзима А, в условиях ишемии восстанавливает равновесие процессов доставки кислорода и его потребления в клетках, предупреждает нарушение транспорта АТФ; одновременно с  этим активирует гликолиз, который протекает без дополнительного потребления кислорода. В обзоре приводятся данные по эффективности использования мельдония у пациентов с заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы (с ишемической болезнью сердца, сердечной недостаточностью, гипертензией и т. д.), неврологическими нарушениями (инсультом, цереброваскулярной недостаточностью и т. д.), заболеваниями органов дыхания. Приведены данные о благоприятном действии мельдония на  иммунный ответ при заболевании коронавирусом, бронхиальной астме, хронической обструктивной болезни легких, при антигриппозной вакцинации. Отмечено уменьшение астении на фоне применения мельдония у больных, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article reviews the efficacy of meldonium in patients with various diseases, which are based on secondary mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are complex cellular organelles that control many metabolic processes, including fatty acid oxidation, the Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain, and many other processes. Many conditions can lead to secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and affect other diseases. Damage to mitochondria can promote the activation of free radical processes and the  initiation of  the  mechanisms of  programmed cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction decrease in the immune response, increase in the activity of the body’s inflammatory response in various infections. Mitochondria appear to be important in COVID-19 pathogenesis because of its role in innate antiviral immunity, as well as inflammation. The article presents data on the effectiveness of using meldonium as a drug that helps to arrest pathological processes in mitochondria. The main mechanism of action of meldonium is based on a decrease in L-carnitine levels and increase of peroxisomes activity in the cytosol Meldonium was designed as a inhibitor of carnitine biosynthesis aimed to prevent accumulation of cytotoxic intermediate products of fatty acid beta- oxidation in ischemic tissues and to block this highly oxygen- consuming process. It is based on the correction of the energy metabolism of the cell. There was a positive trend in the use of meldonium in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system (chronic ischemic diseases, chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, etc.), neurological disorders (stroke, cerebrovascular insufficiency, etc.), respiratory diseases. The data on the beneficial effect of meldonium on the immune response in patients with coronavirus, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, during vaccination with anti-influenza serum are presented. A decrease in asthenia was noted against the background of the use of meldonium in patients who had undergone coronavirus infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мельдоний</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>коронавирус</kwd><kwd>цитопротекторы</kwd><kwd>антигипоксанты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meldonium</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>cytoprotectors</kwd><kwd>antihypoxants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johannsen D.L., Ravussin E. 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