medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2021-15-136-143medsovet-6447Research ArticleЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ КИШЕЧНИКАBOWEL DISEASESПробиотики для повседневного приема: польза и обдуманное применениеDaily probiotics: benefits and reasonable applicationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-6634ШульпековаЮ. О.ShulpekovaYu. O.

к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии

119991, Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

1, Bldg. 1, Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119991

jshulpekova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-0387РусяевВ. Ю.RusyaevV. Yu.

клинический ординатор

107076,  Москва, Потешная ул., д. 3

Clinical Resident

3, Poteshnaya St., Moscow, 107076

slava.rusyaev@yandex.ruИнститут клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет);РоссияSklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии имени В.П. СербскогоРоссияSerbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and NarcologyRussian Federation202118102021015136143Copyright © Шульпекова Ю.О., Русяев В.Ю., 20212021Шульпекова Ю.О., Русяев В.Ю.Shulpekova Y.O., Rusyaev V.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6447

В настоящем обзоре охарактеризовано действие пробиотиков и возможное влияние отдельных штаммов на общее состояние здоровья при ежедневном приеме.

Содержание и активность бактерий в пищевых продуктах должны регулироваться специальными предписаниями. При сбалансированном питании человек получает полезные для здоровья штаммы естественным путем. Повседневное потребление в составе функциональных продуктов питания определенных штаммов перспективно для профилактики ожирения, сахарного диабета 2-го типа, неалкогольной жировой болезни печени, функциональных кишечных расстройств, рака толстой кишки, сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и  депрессии. Специального изучения требуют вопросы безопасности пробиотических штаммов, вновь внедряемых в клиническую практику. Синбиотики могут включать пробиотические штаммы бактерий, например Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04, обладающих кислото-, пепсинои желчеустойчивостью, а также пребиотики (как правило, инулин) и витамины группы В (В1, В2, В6 и В12), способствующие выживанию полезных бактерий. L. аcidophilus широко распространен в естественной среде и продуктах питания, не установлено случаев антибиотикорезистентности этого вида. Штаммы Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04 обладают высокой способностью к адгезии, выраженным ингибирующим влиянием на кишечные патогены, включая грибки, противовоспалительным эффектом, способствуют выведению оксалатов. Таким образом, применение пробиотиков и синбиотиков – одно из самых перспективных профилактических направлений медицины.

This article reviewed the mechanisms of action of probiotics and the possible effects of individual strains on the general wellbeing if they are taken daily.

The content and activity of bacteria in food products should be regulated by special guidelines. The balanced nutrition allows us to get healthy strains in a natural way. Daily consumption of certain strains as part of functional food products is promising for the prevention of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, functional intestinal disorders, colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases and depression. The issues of safety of novel probiotic strains newly introduced in clinical practice require careful consideration. Synbiotics can comprise probiotic strains of bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04) with tolerance to acid, pepsin and bile salts, as well as the prebiotic inulin and vitamins B1, B2, B6 and B12 contributing to survival of beneficial bacteria. L. acidophilus is a common probiotic that occurs in the natural environment and food products, no cases of antibiotic resistance of this species have been established. Strains Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04 have a high adhesion capacity, strong inhibitory effects on intestinal pathogens, including fungi, anti-inflammatory effects, help to eliminate oxalates. As can be seen from the above, the use of probiotics and synbiotics is one of the most promising preventive fields of medicine.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.