medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2021-16-212-223medsovet-6480Research ArticleДИССЕРТАНТDISSERTANTМаркеры воспаления в конденсате выдыхаемого воздуха при бронхиальной астмеInflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate in bronchial asthmahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859ТерещенкоС. Ю.TereshchenkoS. Yu.

Терещенко Сергей Юрьевич, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий клиническим отделением соматического и психического здоровья детей

660022, Россия, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Sergey Yu. Tereshchenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Clinical Department of Somatic and Mental Health of Children

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russia

legise@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-8616МалинчикМ. А.MalinchikM. A.

Малинчик Марина Александровна, младший научный сотрудник

660022, Россия, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Marina A. Malinchik, Junior Researcher Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russia

seapearl1995@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029СмольниковаМ. В.SmolnikovaM. V.

Смольникова Марина Викторовна, к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель группы молекулярно-генетических исследований

660022, Россия, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Marina V. Smolnikova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Head of the Molecular Genetic Research Group, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russia

smarinv@yandex.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера, Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202130102021016212223Copyright © Терещенко С.Ю., Малинчик М.А., Смольникова М.В., 20212021Терещенко С.Ю., Малинчик М.А., Смольникова М.В.Tereshchenko S.Y., Malinchik M.A., Smolnikova M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6480

Хронические заболевания органов дыхания относятся к числу наиболее распространенных неинфекционных заболеваний. В частности, бронхиальная астма (БА), характеризующаяся гиперреактивностью бронхов и различной степенью обструкции дыхательных путей, является причиной заболеваемости и смертности. Доступные на сегодня методы получения информации о наличии воспаления в дыхательных путях, таких как бронхоскопия и биопсия бронхов, инвазивны и затруднительны в повседневной клинической практике, особенно для детей и тяжелобольных пациентов. В связи с этим в последнее время наблюдается рост разработок неинвазивных методов диагностики респираторной системы, комфортных и безболезненных для испытуемых, в особенности детей, а также позволяющих контролировать воспалительные процессы в легких, оценивать тяжесть течения заболевания и наблюдать за процессом лечения. Наибольшее внимание привлекает конденсат выдыхаемого воздуха (КВВ), являющийся источником различных биологических молекул, включая оксид азота (NO), лейкотриены, 8-изопро- стан, простагландины и др., локально или системно связанных с болезненными процессами в организме. Особый интерес вызывает присутствие в КВВ цитокинов – специфических белков, вырабатываемых различными клетками организма, играющих ключевую роль в воспалительных процессах при БА и осуществляющих связь между клетками (цитокиновая сеть). Так, при использовании анализа КВВ становится возможным оценивать степень тяжести и уровень контроля детской БА. Кроме того, неинвазивность данного метода позволяет многократно использовать его для мониторинга легочных заболеваний даже самых маленьких пациентов, в т. ч. младенцев. Таким образом, область анализа метаболитов в КВВ растет, и, вероятно, в ближайшем будущем этот метод будет наиболее распространенным для диагностики заболеваний дыхательной системы как у детей, так и у взрослых.

Chronic respiratory diseases are among the most common non- infection diseases. In particular, it is bronchial asthma (BA), characterized by bronchial hyperreactivity and varying degrees of airway obstruction that is the cause of morbidity and mortality. The methods available for the information about the presence of inflammation in the airways, such as bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsy to be obtained have currently been invasive and difficult in everyday clinical practice, especially for children and seriously ill patients. In this regard, recently there has been an increase in the development of non-invasive methods for diagnosing the respiratory system, being comfortable and painless for trial subjects, especially children, also providing the inflammatory process control in the lungs, the severity assessment and monitoring the treatment process. The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is of great attention, which is a source of various biomolecules, including nitric oxide (NO), leukotrienes, 8-isoprostane, prostaglandins, etc., being locally or systemically associated with disease processes in the body. Of particular interest is the presence of cytokines in EBC, namely the specific proteins produced by various cells of the body that play a key role in inflammatory processes in AD and provide cell communication (cytokine network). Thereby, it becomes possible for the severity and control level of childhood bronchial asthma using only the EBC analysis to be assessed. In addition, the non-invasiveness of this method allows it to be reused for monitoring lung diseases of even the smallest patients, including infants. Thus, the field of metabolite analysis in EBC has been developing and, in the near future, the given method is likely to be the most common for diagnosing the respiratory system diseases in both children and adults.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.