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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-17-72-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6487</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БРОНХОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ, ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRONCHOPULMONOLOGY, OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аспекты дифференциальной диагностики и лечения ринитов у детей до 2 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Aspects of differential diagnosis and treatment of rhinitis in children under 2 years of age</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1124-1937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпищенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpishchenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпищенко Сергей Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой оториноларингологии.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Karpishchenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology.</p><p>6-8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpischenkos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-6547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верещагина</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vereshchagina</surname><given-names>O. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Верещагина Ольга Евгеньевна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая оториноларингологическим отделением.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Е. Vereshchagina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology.</p><p>6-8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wereschagina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7768-0823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теплова</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplova</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теплова Елизавета Олеговна 0 аспирант кафедры оториноларингологии с клиникой, Первый Санкт-Петербургский ГМУ имени акад. И.П. Павлова; врач-оториноларинголог, Лахта Клиника.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8; 187340, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Савушкина, д. 73/50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta O. Teplova, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with a clinic, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg SMU; Otorhinolaryngologist, Lahta Clinic;</p><p>6-8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022;73/50, Savushkin St., St Petersburg, 187340</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">teplova@lahtaclinic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени акад. И.П. Павлова; Лахта Клиника</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Lahta Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карпищенко С.А., Верещагина О.Е., Теплова Е.О., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпищенко С.А., Верещагина О.Е., Теплова Е.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpishchenko S.A., Vereshchagina O.Е., Teplova E.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6487">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6487</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Клинические проявления ринита отрицательно влияют не только на физическое, социальное и психологическое здоровье детей, но также и на их родителей, особенно в семьях с первым ребенком. Заложенности носа, затруднения носового дыхания вызывают проблемы со сном и кормлением.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить встречаемость ринита у детей до 2 лет в амбулаторной практике оториноларинголога, рассмотреть особенности течения и дифференциальной диагностики различных видов ринитов, оценить эффективность применения назальной ирригационно-элиминационной терапии в лечении симптомов острого ринита.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В период с сентября 2020 г. по июль 2021 г. проводилось лечение 220 пациентов в возрасте от 0 до 18 лет: пациенты дошкольного возраста составили 120 человек (54,5%), из которых у 27 пациентов до 2 лет были выявлены симптомы ринита, в т. ч. с продолжительностью симптомов более 2 нед.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Среди обратившихся к нам пациентов инфекционный ринит был диагностирован в большинстве случае - у 18 человек (66,7%), что объясняется не только временем проведения исследования, но и наибольшей распространенностью данной патологии среди заболеваний полости носа. Аллергический и неаллергический ринит встречался лишь у 4 (14,8%) и 5 (18,5%) человек соответственно. Для детей раннего возраста симптоматическая ирригационная терапия солевыми растворами также необходима, как и для более старших детей и взрослых. Определенные трудности в уходе за полостью носа во время проявлений ринита составляют анатомическая узость носовых ходов и отсутствие навыков сморкания у маленьких детей. В таких ситуациях предпочтение необходимо отдавать мягкой, нетравмирующей, бережной аспирации с предварительным орошением полости носа солевым изотоническим раствором. При использовании назального аспиратора отмечено уменьшение продолжительности назальных выделений за время болезни и сокращение сроков продолжительности заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Ринит среди детей раннего возраста - распространенная, но недооцененная проблема. Клинические проявления чаще связаны с типичными симптомами: заложенность носа, выделения, затруднение носового дыхания и чихание. Использование ирригационно-элиминационной терапии с применением аспиратора для полости носа позволяет сократить сроки проявления клинических симптомов ринита и уменьшить общую продолжительность болезни.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Clinical manifestations of rhinitis have a negative impact not only on the physical, social, and psychological health of children, but also on their parents, especially in families with a first child. Nasal congestion, nasal breathing difficulty cause problems with sleep and feeding.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study. To estimate the occurrence of rhinitis in children under two years old in the outpatient practice of otorhinolar-yngologists, to consider features of the course and differential diagnostics of various rhinitis types, to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal irrigation-elimination therapy in the treatment of acute rhinitis symptoms.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Between September 2020 and July 2021, 220 patients between 0 to 18 years were managed: preschool-aged patients comprised 120 patients (54.5%), of whom 27 patients under two years old had symptoms of rhinitis, including those with symptoms lasting more than two weeks.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among the patients referred to us, infectious rhinitis was diagnosed in the majority of cases - in 18 patients (66,7%), which can be explained not only by the timing of the study but also by the highest prevalence of this pathology among the diseases of the nasal cavity. Allergic and non-allergic rhinitis occurred in only 4 (14.8%) and 5 (18.5%) persons, respectively. Symptomatic irrigation therapy with saline solutions is just as necessary for young children as it is for older children and adults. Some difficulties in nasal cavity care during rhinitis are the anatomical narrowness of the nasal passages and lack of blowing skills in young children. In these situations, preference should be given to gentle, non-traumatic, gentle aspiration with prior irrigation of the nasal cavity with an isotonic saline solution. When a nasal aspirator was used, there was a decrease in the duration of nasal discharge during the illness and a reduction in the duration of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Rhinitis in young children is a common but underestimated problem. Clinical manifestations are more often associated with typical symptoms: nasal congestion, discharge, nasal breathing difficulty, and sneezing. The use of irrigation-elimination intranasal therapy with the use of a nasal cavity aspirator can reduce the timing of clinical symptoms of rhinitis and reduce the overall duration of the disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ринит</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>IgE сенсибилизация</kwd><kwd>ирригационно-элиминационная назальная терапия</kwd><kwd>назальный аспиратор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rhinitis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>IgE-sensitization</kwd><kwd>irrigation-elimination intranasal therapy</kwd><kwd>nasal aspirator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silva C.H., Silva T.E., Morales N.M., Fernandes K.P., Pinto R.M. Quality of life in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis. BrazJ Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;75(5):642-649. 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