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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-19-57-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6532</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОГНИТИВНЫЕ РАССТРОЙСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COGNITIVE DISRODERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение недементных сосудистых когнитивных расстройств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment of non-demented vascular cognitive disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8382-6366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Мария Сергеевна, аспирант кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Novikova, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nov5656@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-3264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захаров Владимир Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Zakharov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharovenator@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>19</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новикова М.С., Захаров В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новикова М.С., Захаров В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikova M.S., Zakharov V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6532">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6532</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время когнитивные нарушения являются определяющим фактором снижения адаптации у лиц пожилого возраста. Поражение сосудов головного мозга – одна из самых распространенных причин развития когнитивного дефицита. Пациенты с выраженными когнитивными нарушениями малокурабельны, нуждаются в посторонней помощи, имеют существенные ограничения в повседневной деятельности. В большинстве случаев этой стадии предшествует период легких и умеренных когнитивных нарушений. Как правило, легкие и умеренные когнитивные нарушения часто остаются недиагностированными, так как длительно не вызывают ограничений в повседневной деятельности и выявляются только благодаря высокоспецифичным нейропсихологическим тестам. Но именно своевременные диагностика и лечение недементных когнитивных нарушений позволяют добиться длительной ремиссии заболевания, отсрочить наступление выраженного когнитивного дефицита. Среди методов коррекции выделяют нелекарственные методики и фармакологическую терапию. Немаловажным является воздействие на факторы сосудистого риска, такие как артериальная гипертензия, сахарный диабет, гиперлипидемия, курение, злоупотребление алкоголем и пр. Планирование питания, дозированные физические нагрузки и когнитивный тренинг являются наиболее распространенными нефармакологическими стратегиями коррекции когнитивных нарушений. Фармакологическое лечение включает антихолинэстеразные и нейрометаболические лекарственные средства, а также препараты, направленные на коррекцию факторов риска. Все большее число исследователей сходится во мнении, что предпочтительной является комплексная терапия, включающая модификацию образа жизни и применение фармакотерапии. В статье обсуждаются наиболее часто применяемые методы лечения недементных когнитивных нарушений, представлены результаты крупных рандомизированных клинических исследований, посвященных данной проблеме, приведен собственный опыт как исключительно нелекарственного воздействия на пациентов, так и применения комплексного лечения с использованием нейрометаболического препарата.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, cognitive impairment is a determining factor in the decline in adaptation in the elderly. Damage to the cerebral vessels is one of the most common causes of the development of cognitive deficits. Patients with severe cognitive impairments are not easily treatable, require outside help, and have significant limitations in daily activities. In most cases, this stage is preceded by a period of mild cognitive impairment. As a rule, mild cognitive impairments often remain undiagnosed, since they do not cause restrictions in daily activities for a long time and are detected only thanks to highly specific neuropsychological tests. But it is precisely the timely diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment without dementia, that make it possible to achieve longterm remission of the disease, to delay the onset of pronounced cognitive deficit. Among the correction methods, non-drug methods and pharmacological therapy are distinguished. Of no small importance is the impact on vascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, alcohol abuse, etc. Nutrition planning, dosed exercise and cognitive training are the most common non-pharmacological strategies for correcting cognitive impairment. Pharmacological treatment includes anticholinesterase and neurometabolic drugs, as well as drugs aimed at correcting risk factors. A growing number of researchers agree that complex therapy, including lifestyle modification and the use of pharmacotherapy, is preferable. The article discusses the most commonly used methods of treating non-demented cognitive impairments, presents the results of large randomized clinical trials devoted to this problem, presents our own experience of both exclusively non-drug effects on patients and the use of complex treatment using a neurometabolic drug.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сосудистые когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>нелекарственные методы лечения</kwd><kwd>умеренные когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>патогенетическая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vascular cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>non-drug treatments</kwd><kwd>mild cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>pathogenetic therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Flier W.M., Skoog I., Schneider J.A., Pantoni L., Mok V., Chen C.L.H., Scheltens P. Vascular cognitive impairment. 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