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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-18-94-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6557</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушения функции слизистой оболочки в патогенезе хронических заболеваний полости носа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dysfunction of the mucous membrane in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of the nasal cavity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-0179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифорова Галина Николаевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Nikiforova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gn_nik_63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-4599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артамонова Полина Сергеевна - аспирант кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 6, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina S. Artamonova - Postgraduate Student of the Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases, Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>6, Bldg. 1, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina_lokshina2901@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0051-3792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевчик</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchik</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевчик Елена Александровна – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 6, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Shevchik - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases, Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>6, Bldg. 1, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.shevchik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского, Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>18</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифорова Г.Н., Артамонова П.С., Шевчик Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифорова Г.Н., Артамонова П.С., Шевчик Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforova G.N., Artamonova P.S., Shevchik E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6557">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6557</self-uri><abstract><p>Выполняя не только дыхательную, но также защитную, обонятельную, эстетическую и ряд других функций, нос является важным отделом верхних дыхательных путей. Слизистая оболочка полости носа является первым защитным барьером организма, предохраняющим от воздействия неблагоприятных факторов окружающей среды, осуществляя согревание, очищение и обезвреживание вдыхаемого воздуха. Эта миссия обеспечивается деятельностью многорядного цилиндрического мерцательного эпителия, состоящего из трех основных видов клеток: реснитчатых, бокаловидных и базальных. Основным защитным механизмом в полости носа является мукоцилиарный клиренс, осуществляемый посредством назальной слизи и однонаправленного в сторону носоглотки биения ресничек с частотой до 1000 в минуту. Нарушение целостности и срыв физиологических функций слизистой оболочки полости носа приводит к развитию патологических процессов, которые в свою очередь могут повлечь за собой сбой в работе других органов и систем организма. На сегодняшний день около 16-18% всех заболеваний ЛОР-органов приходится на долю хронических форм ринитов. Согласно классификации ICAR, которая основана на патофизиологических механизмах развития ринитов, выделяют аллергические и неаллергические его формы. Общим для различных форм является воздействие тех или иных факторов на слизистую оболочку полости носа и, как следствие, нарушение механизмов ее работы.</p><p>Одной из форм хронического ринита, обусловленных истончением слизистой оболочки и выраженными нарушениями мукоцилиарного транспорта, является атрофический ринит. Основными симптомами заболевания являются сухость, образование корочек в полости носа, периодические кровотечения. Подход к лечению острых и хронических процессов на фоне атрофических изменений полости носа должен быть комплексным и направленным на восстановление физиологических функций слизистой оболочки и механизмов мукоцилиарного транспорта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Performing not only respiratory, but also protective, olfactory, aesthetic and a number of other functions, the nose is an important part of the upper respiratory tract. The mucous membrane of the nasal cavity is the first protective barrier of the body that protects against the effects of adverse environmental factors, carrying out warming, purification and neutralization of the inhaled air. This mission is provided by the activity of the multilayered columnar ciliated epithelium, consisting of three main types of cells: ciliate, goblet and basal. The main protective mechanism in the nasal cavity is mucociliary clearance, carried out by means of nasal mucus and beating of cilia unidirectional towards the nasopharynx with a frequency of up to 1000 per minute. Violation of the integrity and disruption of the physiological functions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity leads to the development of pathological processes, which in turn can lead to a failure in the work of other organs and systems of the body. To date, about 16-18% of all diseases of the ENT organs are chronic forms of rhinitis. According to the ICAR classification, which is based on the pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of rhinitis, allergic and non-allergic forms are distinguished. Common to various forms is the effect of certain factors on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and, as a consequence, a violation of the mechanisms of its work.</p><p>One of the forms of chronic rhinitis, caused by thinning of the mucous membrane and severe disorders of mucociliary transport, is atrophic rhinitis. The main symptoms of the disease are dryness, the formation of crusts in the nasal cavity, periodic bleeding. The approach to the treatment of acute and chronic processes against the background of atrophic changes in the nasal cavity should be comprehensive and aimed at restoring the physiological functions of the mucous membrane and the mechanisms of mucociliary transport.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слизистая оболочка полости носа</kwd><kwd>мукоцилиарный клиренс</kwd><kwd>хронический ринит</kwd><kwd>атрофический ринит</kwd><kwd>декспантенол</kwd><kwd>октенидин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nasal mucosa</kwd><kwd>mucociliary clearance</kwd><kwd>chronic rhinitis</kwd><kwd>atrophic rhinitis</kwd><kwd>dexpanthenol</kwd><kwd>octenidine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пискунов Г.3., Пискунов С.З. (ред.) Клиническая ринология. 3-изд. 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