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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-20-25-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТАРГЕТНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ ОПУХОЛЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Target therapy of tumors</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль преметастатической ниши в органоспецифичности метастазирования рака молочной железы. Влияние на метастатический потенциал как основа эффективности CDK4/6-ингибирования в ранней линии терапии диссеминированного гормон-рецептор-позитивного заболевания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of pre-metastatic niche in organ specificity of breast cancer metastasis. Influence on metastatic potential as a basis for CDK4/6-inhibition efficacy in early therapy of disseminated hormone-receptor-positive disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0698-7710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стукань</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stukan</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-онколог координационного отдела лекарственного обеспечения, 350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146;</p><p>ассистент кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии, 350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci.  (Med.), Medical Oncologist, Drug Supply Coordination Department, 146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar, 350040;</p><p>Assistant of the Department of Oncology with the course of Thoracic Surgery, 4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jolie86@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-7945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горяинова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryainova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая координационным отделом лекарственного обеспечения, 350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146;</p><p>ассистент кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии, 350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Oncologist, Head of the Drug Supply Coordination Department, 146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar, 350040;</p><p>Assistant of the Department of Oncology with the course of Thoracic Surgery, 4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mashelueva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-1425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лымарь</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lymar</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-онколог координационного отдела лекарственного обеспечения, </p><p>350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Oncologist, Drug Supply Coordination Department, </p><p>146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar, 350040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsari29@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-2992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заместитель главного врача по лекарственному обеспечению, 350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146;</p><p>ассистент кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии, 350063,  Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Head for Drug Supply, 146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar, 350040;</p><p>Assistant of the Department of Oncology with the course of Thoracic Surgery, 4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3041-520X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиолог отдела лучевой диагностики, 350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146;</p><p>ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики, 350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiologist, 146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar, 350040;</p><p>Assistant of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics, 4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dva72dva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-3306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-стажер 9-го онкологического отделения, 350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, д. 146;</p><p>аспирант кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии, 350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Intern at the 9th Oncology Department, 146, Dimitrov St., Krasnodar 350040;</p><p>Postgraduate Student of the Department of Oncology with the course of Thoracic Surgery, 4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktoryant@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический онкологический диспансер №1;&#13;
Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Oncologic Dispensary No.1; &#13;
Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический онкологический диспансер №1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Oncologic Dispensary No.1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический онкологический диспансер №1;&#13;
Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Oncologic Dispensary No.1;&#13;
Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>20</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стукань А.И., Горяинова А.Ю., Лымарь Е.В., Шаров С.В., Андреев Д.В., Антипова В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стукань А.И., Горяинова А.Ю., Лымарь Е.В., Шаров С.В., Андреев Д.В., Антипова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stukan A.I., Goryainova A.Y., Lymar E.V., Sharov S.V., Andreev D.V., Antipova V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6576">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6576</self-uri><abstract><p>Влияние на преметастатическую нишу является весьма перспективной стратегией терапии рака как способ предотвращения формирования метастазов. Обнаружено, что клетки-предшественники из костного мозга и опухолевые клетки, секретирующие биологические соединения, являются ключевыми компонентами в формировании преметастатической ниши. Главным типом клеток костного мозга в  преметастатических нишах являются миелоидные супрессорные клетки  (МСК). При этом именно хроническое воспаление, ассоциированное с  опухолью, индуцирует экспрессию провоспалительных цитокинов, запускающих дифференцировку миелоидных клеток в миелоидные супрессивные клетки. При выходе циркулирующих опухолевых клеток в циркуляторное русло наблюдается их взаимодействие с иммунными клетками, что дополнительно влияет на  подготовку преметастатического очага. В  исследованиях показано, что весь спектр иммунных клеток способен влиять на  формирование метастаза циркулирующими опухолевыми клетками. Установлено, что эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход с образованием транспортной формы опухолевой клетки связан с функцией белка ZEB1. Его активность регулируется многочисленными сигнальными механизмами на транскрипционном уровне с участием трансформирующего фактора роста β (TGFβ), Wnt и Notch. Это ведет к запуску процесса ЭМП на клетках РМЖ. В исследовании Z. Zhang et al. доказано, что блокирование циклин-зависимых киназ 4/6 (CDK4/6) реализуется снижением стабильности протеина ZEB1, что препятствует метастизированию при РМЖ in vitro и in vivo. Более того, деубиквитиназа USP51 идентифицирована как мишень циклинзависимых киназ CDK4/6. На  молекулярном уровне CDK4/6  фосфорилируют и  активируют USP51, которая затем влияет на  деубиквитинирование и  стабилизацию ZEB1. Также продемонстрирована позитивная корреляция между экспрессией p-RB  (индикатора активности CDK4/6), p-USP51  и ZEB1  в  образцах РМЖ. Таким образом, ось CDK4/6-USP51-ZEB1  может играть ключевую роль в метастазировании РМЖ. На клетках РМЖ было показано, что ингибирование CDK4/6 повышало экспрессию E-cadherin, однако снижало экспрессию мезенхимальных маркеров, снижая миграционную способность и инвазивность клеточных линий РМЖ. Подобное биологическое действие также может служить объяснением клинической эффективности CDK4/6-ингибирования абемациклибом в ранних линиях терапии метастатического РМЖ, а также в составе адъювантной комбинированной гормонотерапии в  отношении профилактики метастатического поражения у  больных с  высоким риском рецидива и  прогрессирования процесса в  исследовании MONARCH E.  Кроме этого, в  исследования CDK4/6- ингибиторов при РМЖ не обнаружены предикторы ответа, и остается невыясненным, влияет ли очаг метастаза на эффективность этой группы препаратов. На примере клинических случаев показано, что абемациклиб демонстрирует клиническую эффективность в отношении всех очагов метастатического поражения. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Influencing the pre-metastatic niche is a very perspective cancer treatment strategy in order of preventing metastases formation. It was found that bone marrow progenitor cells and tumor cells secreting biological compounds are key components in the formation of the pre-metastatic niche. Myeloid suppressor cells (MSCs) are the main type of bone marrow cells in pre-metastatic niches. At the same time, tumor-associated chronic inflammation induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines triggering myeloid cells differentiation into myeloid suppressor cells. When circulating tumor cells enter the circulatory channel, their interaction with immune cells is observed, which additionally influences the pre-metastatic site preparation. Studies have shown that the entire spectrum of immune cells is capable of influencing the metastasis formation by circulating tumor cells. The epithelialmesenchymal transition with the tumor cell transporting form appearence was found to be related to the function of the ZEB1 protein. Its activity is regulated by numerous signaling mechanisms at the transcriptional level, including TGFβ, Wnt and Notch. This initiates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells. Zhang Z.et al. proved that CDK4/6 blocking leads ZEB1 protein stability decreasing, preventing metastasis in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, USP51 deubiquitinase has been identified as a target of cyclin-dependent 4/6 kinases. At the molecular level, CDK4/6 phosphorylate and activates USP51, which then influences ZEB1  deubiquitination and stabilization. A  positive correlation was demonstrated between the  expression of p-RB (an indicator of CDK4/6 activity), p-USP51 and ZEB1 in breast cancer samples. Thus, the CDK4/6-USP51-ZEB1 axis may play a key role in the metastasis of breast cancer. In breast cancer cells, inhibition of CDK4/6 was shown to increase the expression of  E-cadherin  but decrease the  expression of  mesenchymal markers, reducing the  migratory ability and invasiveness of  breast cancer cell lines. This biological effect may also explain  the  clinical efficacy of  the  CDK4/6  inhibitor Abemaciclib in early-line therapy of metastatic breast cancer as well as in adjuvant combination hormone therapy for the prevention of metastatic lesions in patients at high risk of recurrence and progression in the MONARCH E study. Besides, there were no response predictors evaluated in trials investigating CDK4/6 in breast cancer treatment and it is unknown if there any differences in treatment response according to the metastatic site. The clinical cases demonstrate abemaciclib clinical efficacy in metastatic breast cancer treatment regardless of metastatic site. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>метастатический очаг</kwd><kwd>преметастатическая ниша</kwd><kwd>CDK4/6-ингибиторы</kwd><kwd>абемациклиб</kwd><kwd>эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход</kwd><kwd>циркулирующие опухолевые клетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>metastatic focus</kwd><kwd>pre-metastatic niche</kwd><kwd>CDK4/6-inhibitors</kwd><kwd>abemaciclib</kwd><kwd>epithelial-mesenchymal transition</kwd><kwd>circulating tumor cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baccelli I., Schneeweiss A., Riethdorf S., Stenzinger A., Schillert A., Vogel V. et al. 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