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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-21-2-110-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6642</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Офтальмология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ophthalmology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гистоморфологическая картина роговицы по данным лазерной конфокальной микроскопии при кератопластике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Histomorphological view of the cornea investigated by laser confocal microscopy in keratoplasty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4591-2367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крахмалева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krakhmaleva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крахмалева Дарья Александровна - младший научный сотрудник отдела оптических сред глаза.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Krakhmaleva - Junior Research Associate, Department of Ocular Media, Research Institute of Eye Diseases.</p><p>11a, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eskess@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5692-1800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурнина</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surnina</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сурнина Зоя Васильевна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела оптических сред глаза.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya V. Surnina - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate, Department of Ocular Media, Research Institute of Eye Diseases.</p><p>11a, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MEDZOE@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маложен</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malzhoen</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маложен Сергей Андреевич - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела реконструктивной хирургии переднего отрезка глаза.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Malzhoen - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Lead Research Associate, Department of Anterior Segment Reconstruction, Research Institute of Eye Diseases.</p><p>11a, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smalozhen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-449X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамидов</surname><given-names>А. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamidov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гамидов Алибек Абдулмуталимович – доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alibek A. Gamidov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate, Research Institute of Eye Diseases.</p><p>11a, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eskess@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Eye Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>21-2</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крахмалева Д.А., Сурнина З.В., Маложен С.А., Гамидов А.A., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крахмалева Д.А., Сурнина З.В., Маложен С.А., Гамидов А.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krakhmaleva D.A., Surnina Z.V., Malzhoen S.A., Gamidov A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6642">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6642</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Пересадка роговицы является наиболее успешной и часто выполняемой процедурой аллотрансплантации по сравнению с другими органами и тканями. В мире ежегодно осуществляется более 100 000 трансплантаций роговицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Провести при помощи лазерной конфокальной микроскопии роговицы анализ изменения клеточных структур и плотности иммунных клеток после сквозной кератопластики. Исследовать возможности конфокальной микроскопии в диагностике реакции отторжения трансплантата.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование вошло 34 пациента, перенесших сквозную кератопластику при помутнениях роговицы различной этиологии. Средний возраст пациентов 51,1 ± 13,6 года (от 23 до 76 лет). Срок наблюдения составил от 12 до 36 мес. (24,5 ± 4,84 мес.). Офтальмологическое обследование проводили всем пациентам через 1, 3, 6, 12 мес. и ежегодно после СКП. Всем пациентам для изучения прижизненной морфологии роговицы проводили КМР, при помощи которой оценивался базальный эпителий, суббазальный слой, строма и эндотелий. Иммунные клетки были идентифицированы и оценены  по форме, длине отростков и их плотности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На протяжении всего срока наблюдения у пациентов, перенесших сквозную кератопластику, нами было зарегистрировано 7 случаев (20,5%) реакции отторжения. При возникновении реакции отторжения трансплантата у всех пациентов отмечалась аккумуляция гиперрефлективных древовидных структур, преимущественно в суббазальном слое. Кроме того, клетки приобретали более зрелую морфологию (степень 2–3). Плотность ДК составляла 809,17 ± 342,19 (р &lt; 0,001). Была выявлена положительная корреляция между плотностью ДК и реакцией отторжения трансплантата (r-Спирмена = 709,  p &lt; 0,001). Также у пациентов отмечались признаки несостоятельности эндотелия с низкой плотностью эндотелиальных клеток и плеоморфизмом, повышение светорассеяния и гиперрефлективность стромы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В комплексе диагностических мер конфокальная микроскопия может выступать в качестве метода ранней диагностики реакции отторжения трансплантата, определения тяжести патологического процесса, а также контроля эффективности и безопасности проводимого лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Corneal transplantation is the most successful and commonly performed allotransplantation procedure as compared with other organs and tissues. Over 100,000 corneal transplantations are performed worldwide every year.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. This study investigated whether in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) can aid in the diagnosis of a graft rejection reaction by detecting changes in cellular structures and density of immune cells after penetrating keratoplasty.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included thirty-four eyes of 34 patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (7 eyes with corneal graft rejection, 27 without rejection). The average age of patients is 51.1 ± 13.6 years (from 23 to 76 years). The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 36 months (24.5 ± 4.84 months). Follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, 12 months and annually after PKP. To study the morphology of the cornea all patients underwent IVCM to assess the basal epithelium, subbasal layer, stroma and endothelium. Immune cells were identified and evaluated for the shape, length of the processes and their density.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients with corneal graft rejection demonstrated significant accumulation of corneal dendritic-like immune cells compared to patients with non-rejected grafts. In addition, the cells acquired a more mature morphology (grade 2–3). The density of dendritic cells (DC) was 809.17 ± 342.19 (p &lt; 0.001). A positive correlation was found between DC density and graft rejection (p &lt; 0.001). As well the patients showed signs of endothelial failure with low endothelial cell density and pleomorphism, increased light scattering and hyperreflectivity of the stroma.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In a complex of diagnostic measures, confocal microscopy may provide a valuable clinical adjunctive tool in diagnosis and management of early corneal graft rejection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кератопластика</kwd><kwd>реакция отторжения трансплантата</kwd><kwd>конфокальная микроскопия роговицы</kwd><kwd>клетки Лангерганса</kwd><kwd>дендритиформные макрофаги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corneal transplant</kwd><kwd>graft rejection</kwd><kwd>confocal microscopy</kwd><kwd>dendritic cells</kwd><kwd>Langerhans cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coster D., Williams K. Transplantation of the cornea. Med J Aust. 1992;157(6):405–408. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137253.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coster D., Williams K. Transplantation of the cornea. 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