<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-1-226-234</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6708</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ/ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE/PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значение фруктозамина в диагностике нарушений углеводного обмена у детей с муковисцидозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Significance of fructosamine in the diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in children with cystic fibrosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4366-4467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лябина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Liabina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач-педиатр пульмонологического отделения, аспирант</p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatrician, Pulmonology Department, Postgraduate Student</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marusya.1010@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-9920</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симонова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.м.н., заведующая пульмонологическим отделением; профессор кафедры педиатрии и детской ревматологии</p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Pulmonology Department; Professor of Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oisimonova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-5584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.м.н., врач-эндокринолог консультативного отделения </p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sci. (Med.), Endocrinologist, Consulting and Outpatient Department</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irvash@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8923-4652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семикина</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semikina</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторным отделом; профессор кафедры педиатрии и детской ревматологии, врач клинической лабораторной  диагностики</p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Med.), Lead Research Associate, Head of Laboratory Department; Professor of Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology, Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semikinaelena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-1232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маврикиди</surname><given-names>Е. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavrikidi</surname><given-names>E. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории с группой экспресс диагностики </p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory with Express Diagnostics Group</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Mavrikidi.EF@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3662-9954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрахина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrakhina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории с группой экспресс диагностики </p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory with Express Diagnostics Group</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">matakovax@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3881-3483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горинова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorinova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории редких и наследственных болезней у детей, врач-пульмонолог</p><p>119926, Россия, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate, Paediatric Rare and Genetic Disorders’ Lab, Pulmonologist</p><p>2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, 119926, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ygorinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-2839</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач-ординатор</p><p>119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident Physician</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vusala.kerimova.97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей; &#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health;&#13;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>226</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лябина Н.В., Симонова О.И., Широкова И.В., Семикина Е.Л., Маврикиди Е.Ф., Кондрахина И.И., Горинова Ю.В., Керимова В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лябина Н.В., Симонова О.И., Широкова И.В., Семикина Е.Л., Маврикиди Е.Ф., Кондрахина И.И., Горинова Ю.В., Керимова В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Liabina N.V., Simonova O.I., Shirokova I.V., Semikina E.L., Mavrikidi E.F., Kondrakhina I.I., Gorinova Y.V., Kerimova V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6708">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6708</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Одним из наиболее распространенных тяжелых осложнений муковисцидоза является муковисцидозассоциированный (зависимый) сахарный диабет (МЗСД). В настоящий момент является дискуссионным вопрос о достоверности однократного измерения уровня глюкозы крови натощак, гликированного гемоглобина и фруктозамина для оценки степени нарушений углеводного обмена при муковисцидозе у детей. Золотым стандартом диагностики нарушений углеводного обмена (нарушение гликемии натощак, различные преддиабетические состояния, сахарный диабет) является оральный глюкозотолерантный тест. Данные о диагностической ценности фруктозамина для прогнозирования МЗСД неоднозначны. В российской медицинской литературе достоверные исследовании фруктозамина у детей с муковисцидозом не обнаружены.Цель работы. Определить диагностическую информативность уровня фруктозамина в крови и других однократно определенных гликемических маркеров в ранней диагностике нарушений углеводного обмена на стадии преддиабета у детей с муковисцидозом.Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты лабораторных и инструментальных исследований 87 детей с муковисцидозом в возрасте 5–18 лет. Также было проведено одномоментное исследование фруктозамина, глюкозы крови натощак и гликированного гемоглобина (некоторым пациентам был проведен оральный глюкозотолерантный тест), и фиброэластометрия печени.Результаты и обсуждение. Было отмечено повышение концентрации фруктозамина, которое свидетельствует о возможном МЗСД у детей (р = 0,049): при уровне фруктозамина ≥255,5 мкмоль/л вероятен МЗСД (нормативные показатели для детей – 272–285 мкмоль/л; чувствительность = 57,1%, специфичность = 85,2%). Установлено, что у детей, больных муковисцидозом и циррозом печени, показатели фруктозамина повышены: «cut-off» = 253,0 мкмоль/л (Sn – 70,0%, Sp – 85,2%).Заключение. Концентрация фруктозамина, однократное определение глюкозы крови натощак и гликированного гемоглобина не являются информативными показателями для диагностики преддиабетических состояний при муковисцидозе у детей. Важно учитывать, что на уровень фруктозамина может влиять сопутствующий цирроз печени. МЗСД может быть установлен при более низком уровне фруктозамина, несмотря на общепринятые нормы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Cystic fibrosis associated (related) diabetes mellitus (CFDM) is one of the most common severe complications of cystic fibrosis. Today, the issue of the goodness of a single measurement of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and fructosamine to assess the degree of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in children with cystic fibrosis is a subject of debate. The gold standard for diagnosing carbohydrate metabolism disorders (impaired fasting glycemia, various pre-diabetic conditions, diabetes mellitus) is the oral glucose tolerance test. Data about the diagnostic value of fructosamine for predicting CFDM aren’t dispositive. No credible studies of fructosamine in children with cystic fibrosis have been found in the Russian medical literature.Aim. To determine the diagnostic informative value of the blood fructosamine and other single-measured glycemic marker levels in the early diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders at the pre-diabetes stage in children with cystic fibrosis.Materials and methods. The results of laboratory tests and instrumental examinations of 87 children with cystic fibrosis aged 5–18 years were reviewed. A cross-sectional study of fructosamine, fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin level (some patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test), and liver fibroelastometry were also performed.Results and discussion. An increase in the fructosamine level was observed, which indicates a possible CFDM in children (p = 0.049): CFDM is highly likely, if the level of fructosamine is ≥255.5 µmol/l (reference ranges for children are 272–285 µmol/l; sensitivity = 57.1%, specificity = 85.2%). It has been found that children with cystic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis have increased fructosamine levels: cut-off = 253.0 µmol/l (Sn – 70.0%, Sp – 85.2%).Conclusion. The fructosamine level, a single determination of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin are not informative markers for the diagnosis of pre-diabetic conditions in cystic fibrosis in children. It is important to bear in mind that concomitant liver cirrhosis can affect the fructosamine levels. CFDM can be diagnosed at the lower fructosamine level, despite the generally accepted ranges.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>муковисцидоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>фруктозамин</kwd><kwd>нарушение углеводного обмена</kwd><kwd>муковисцидоз-ассоциированный (зависимый) сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>оральный глюкозотолерантный тест</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cystic fibrosis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>fructosamine</kwd><kwd>carbohydrate metabolism disorders</kwd><kwd>cystic fibrosis-associated (related) diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>oral glucose tolerance test</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малолетникова И.М., Зарянкина А.И., Абдуллина Ю.Ю. Причины поздней диагностики муковисцидоза. Проблемы здоровья и экологии. 2016;4(50):93–95. https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-4-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maloletnikova I.M., Zaryankina A.I., Abdullina Yu.Yu. Reasons for late diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Health and Ecology Issues. 2016;4(50):93–95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-4-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каширская Н.Ю., Кондратьева Е.И., Красовский С.А., Старинова М.А., Воронкова А.Ю., Амелина Е.Л., Ашерова И.К. (ред.) Регистр больных муковисцидозом в Российской Федерации. 2019 год. М.: МЕДПРАКТИКА-М; 2021. 68 с. Режим доступа: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/registr/site_Registre_2019.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kashirskaya N.Yu., Kondrateva E.I., Krasovskiy S.A., Starinova M.A., Voronkova A.YU., Amelina E.L., Asherova I.K. (eds.). Register of patients with cystic fibrosis in the Russian Federation. 2019 year. Moscow: MEDPRACTICE-M; 2021. 68 p. (In Russ.) Available at: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/registr/site_Registre_2019.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keogh R.H., Szczesniak R., Taylor-Robinson D., Bilton D. Up-to-date and projected estimates of survival for people with cystic fibrosis using baseline characteristics: A longitudinal study using UK patient registry data. J Cystic Fibros. 2018;17(2):218–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2017.11.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keogh R.H., Szczesniak R., Taylor-Robinson D., Bilton D. Up-to-date and projected estimates of survival for people with cystic fibrosis using baseline characteristics: A longitudinal study using UK patient registry data. J Cystic Fibros. 2018;17(2):218–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2017.11.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moran A., Pillay K., Becker D., Granados A., Hameed S., Acerini C.L. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines 2018: Management of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19 Suppl 27:64–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12732.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moran A., Pillay K., Becker D., Granados A., Hameed S., Acerini C.L. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines 2018: Management of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19 Suppl 27:64–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12732.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kayani K., Mohammed R., Mohiaddin H. Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kayani K., Mohammed R., Mohiaddin H. Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moran A., Brunzell C., Cohen R.C., Katz M., Marshall B.C., Onady G. et al. Clinical care guidelines for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a clinical practice guideline of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, endorsed by the Pediatric Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(12):2697–2708. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-1768.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moran A., Brunzell C., Cohen R.C., Katz M., Marshall B.C., Onady G. et al. Clinical care guidelines for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a clinical practice guideline of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, endorsed by the Pediatric Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(12):2697–2708. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-1768.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olesen H.V., Drevinek P., Gulmans V.A., Hatziagorou E., Jung A., MeiZahav M. et al. Cystic fibrosis related diabetes in Europe: Prevalence, risk factors and outcome. J Cyst Fibros. 2020;19(2):321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2019.10.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olesen H.V., Drevinek P., Gulmans V.A., Hatziagorou E., Jung A., MeiZahav M. et al. Cystic fibrosis related diabetes in Europe: Prevalence, risk factors and outcome. J Cyst Fibros. 2020;19(2):321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2019.10.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iafusco F., Maione G., Rosanio F.M., Mozzillo E., Franzese A., Tinto N. Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD): Overview of Associated Genetic Factors. Diagnostics (Basel). 2021;11(3):572. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030572.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iafusco F., Maione G., Rosanio F.M., Mozzillo E., Franzese A., Tinto N. Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD): Overview of Associated Genetic Factors. Diagnostics (Basel). 2021;11(3):572. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030572.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Е.И., Каширская Н.Ю., Капранов Н.И. (ред.) Национальный консенсус «Муковисцидоз: определение, диагностические критерии, терапия». 2-е изд. М.: Компания БОРГЕС; 2019. 356 с. Режим доступа: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/konsensus/2019/konsensus_2019.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondrateva E.I., Kashirskaya N.YU., Kapranov N.I. (eds.) National consensus “Cystic fibrosis: definition, diagnostic criteria, therapy”. 2nd ed. Moscow: Company BORGES; 2019. 356 p. (In Russ.) Available at: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/konsensus/2019/konsensus_2019.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwanicki C., Logomarsino J.V. Impaired glucose tolerance, body mass index and respiratory function in patients with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review. Clin Respir Jl. 2019;13(6):341–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.13019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iwanicki C., Logomarsino J.V. Impaired glucose tolerance, body mass index and respiratory function in patients with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review. Clin Respir Jl. 2019;13(6):341–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.13019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранов А. А., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Куцев С.И., Авдеев С. Н., Полевиченко Е.В., Белевский А.С. и др. Кистозный фиброз (муковисцидоз): клинические рекомендации: (Е84). 2021. М.; 2021. 225 с. Режим доступа: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/%D0%9A%D0%A0372.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranov A. A., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Kutsev S.I., Avdeev S. N., Polevichenko E.V., Belevskiy A.S. et al. Cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis): clinical guidelines: (E84). 2021. Мoscow; 2021. 225 p. (In Russ.) Available at: https://mukoviscidoz.org/doc/%D0%9A%D0%A0372.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabet Care. 2010;33(1 Suppl.):S62–S69. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-S062.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabet Care. 2010;33(1 Suppl.):S62–S69. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-S062.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohan K., Miller H., Dyce P., Grainger R., Hughes R., Vora J. et al. Mechanisms of glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis. Diabet Med. 2009;26(6):582–588. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02738.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohan K., Miller H., Dyce P., Grainger R., Hughes R., Vora J. et al. Mechanisms of glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis. Diabet Med. 2009;26(6):582–588. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02738.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lavie M., Fisher D., Vilozni D., Forschmidt R., Sarouk I., Kanety H. et al. Glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis as a determinant of pulmonary function and clinical status. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015;110(3):276–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2015.10.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lavie M., Fisher D., Vilozni D., Forschmidt R., Sarouk I., Kanety H. et al. Glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis as a determinant of pulmonary function and clinical status. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015;110(3):276–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2015.10.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ode K.L., Frohnert B., Laguna T., Phillips J., Holme B., Regelmann W. et al. Oral glucose tolerance testing in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010;11(7):487–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00632.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ode K.L., Frohnert B., Laguna T., Phillips J., Holme B., Regelmann W. et al. Oral glucose tolerance testing in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010;11(7):487–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00632.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bridges N., Rowe R., Holt R.I.G. Unique challenges of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Diabet Med. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13652.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bridges N., Rowe R., Holt R.I.G. Unique challenges of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Diabet Med. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13652.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohzuma T., Tao X., Koga M. Glycated albumin as biomarker: Evidence and its outcomes. J Diabetes Complications. 2021;35(11):108040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108040.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohzuma T., Tao X., Koga M. Glycated albumin as biomarker: Evidence and its outcomes. J Diabetes Complications. 2021;35(11):108040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108040.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаспарян Э.Г., Нерсесян С.Л., Волкова Е.Л., Крючкова З.В., Нассур С., Кузьмина М.М., Жучихина А.Л. Определение фруктозамина в ранней диагностике нарушений углеводного обмена. Проблемы эндокринологии. 1994;40(6):17–18. Режим доступа: https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12184/9317.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gasparyan E.G., Nersesyan S.A., Volkova Y.L., Kryuchkova Z.V., Nassur S., Kuzmina M.M., Zhuchikhina A.L. Fructosamine measurements in the early diagnosis of disordered carbohydrate metabolism. Problemy Endokrinologii. 1994;40(6):17–18. (In Russ.) Available at https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12184/9317.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаев А.Я. Биологическая химия. 3-е изд. М.: МИА; 2004. 566 с. Режим доступа: http://www.vixri.ru/?p=5016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev A.Ya. Biological chemistry. 3d ed. Moscow: MIA; 2004. 566 p. (In Russ.) Available at: http://www.vixri.ru/?p=5016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кишкун А.А. Руководство по лабораторным методам диагностики. M.; ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2014. 760 c. Режим доступа: https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970431023.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kikshun A.A. Guide to laboratory diagnostic methods. Moscow: GEOTARMedia; 2014. 760 p. (In Russ.) Availlable at: https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970431023.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lahousen T., Hegenbarth K., Ille R., Lipp R.-W., Krause R., Little R.-R., Schnedl W.-J. Determination of glycated hemoglobin in patients with advanced liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(15):2284–2286. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i15.2284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lahousen T., Hegenbarth K., Ille R., Lipp R.-W., Krause R., Little R.-R., Schnedl W.-J. Determination of glycated hemoglobin in patients with advanced liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(15):2284–2286. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i15.2284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Constanti C., Simo J.M., Joven J., Camps J. Serum fructosamine concentration in patients with nephrotic syndrome and with cirrhosis of the liver: the influence of hypoalbuminaemia and hypergammaglobulinaemia. Ann Clin Biochem. 1992;29(Pt. 4):437–442. https://doi.org/10.1177/000456329202900412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constanti C., Simo J.M., Joven J., Camps J. Serum fructosamine concentration in patients with nephrotic syndrome and with cirrhosis of the liver: the influence of hypoalbuminaemia and hypergammaglobulinaemia. Ann Clin Biochem. 1992;29(Pt. 4):437–442. https://doi.org/10.1177/000456329202900412.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lam G.Y., Doll-Shankaruk M., Dayton J., Rodriguez-Capote K., Higgins T.N., Thomas D. et al. The use of fructosamine in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) screening. J Cyst Fibrosis. 2018;17(1):121–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2017.05.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lam G.Y., Doll-Shankaruk M., Dayton J., Rodriguez-Capote K., Higgins T.N., Thomas D. et al. The use of fructosamine in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) screening. J Cyst Fibrosis. 2018;17(1):121–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2017.05.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tommerdahl K.L., Brinton J.T., Vigers T., Nadeau K.J, Zeitler P.S., Chan C.L. Screening for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes and prediabetes: Evaluating 1,5-anhydroglucitol, fructosamine, glycated albumin, and hemoglobin A1c. Pediatr Diabetes. 2019;20(8):1080–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12914.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tommerdahl K.L., Brinton J.T., Vigers T., Nadeau K.J, Zeitler P.S., Chan C.L. Screening for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes and prediabetes: Evaluating 1,5-anhydroglucitol, fructosamine, glycated albumin, and hemoglobin A1c. Pediatr Diabetes. 2019;20(8):1080–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12914.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Godbout A., Hammana I., Potvin S., Mainville D., Rakel A., Berthiaume Y. et al. No relationship between mean plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin in patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2008;34(6):568–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2008.05.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Godbout A., Hammana I., Potvin S., Mainville D., Rakel A., Berthiaume Y. et al. No relationship between mean plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin in patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2008;34(6):568–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2008.05.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kinnaird K.E.H., Sauerwein T.J. Lack of correlation between 1,5-anhydroglucitol assay and oral glucose tolerance test in patients with cystic fibrosis. Endocr Pract. 2010;16(2):167–170. https://doi.org/10.4158/EP09149.OR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kinnaird K.E.H., Sauerwein T.J. Lack of correlation between 1,5-anhydroglucitol assay and oral glucose tolerance test in patients with cystic fibrosis. Endocr Pract. 2010;16(2):167–170. https://doi.org/10.4158/EP09149.OR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rewers M.J., Pollay K., de Beaufort C., Craig M.E., Hanas R., Acerini С.L. et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2014. Assessment and monitoring of glycemic control in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2014;15(20 Suppl.):102–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rewers M.J., Pollay K., de Beaufort C., Craig M.E., Hanas R., Acerini С.L. et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2014. Assessment and monitoring of glycemic control in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2014;15(20 Suppl.):102–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12190.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бирюкова Е.В. Роль гликированного гемоглобина в диагностике и улучшении прогноза сахарного диабета. Медицинский совет. 2017;(3):48–53. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2017-3-48-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biryukova E.V. The role of glycated hemoglobin in the diagnosis and improved prognosis of diabetes mellitus. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2017;(3):48–53. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2017-3-48-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pradhan F., Ladak F., Tracey J., Crotty P., Myers R.P. Feasibility and reliability of the FibroScan S 2 (pediatric) probe compared with the M probe for liver stiffness measurement in small adults with chronic liver disease. Ann Hepatol. 2013;12(1):100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1665-2681(19)31391-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pradhan F., Ladak F., Tracey J., Crotty P., Myers R.P. Feasibility and reliability of the FibroScan S 2 (pediatric) probe compared with the M probe for liver stiffness measurement in small adults with chronic liver disease. Ann Hepatol. 2013;12(1):100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1665-2681(19)31391-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
