References

medsovet

Медицинский Совет

Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council

2079-701X2658-5790

REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.

10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-2-35-43

medsovet-6726

Research Article

КОГНИТИВНЫЕ РАССТРОЙСТВА

COGNITIVE DISRODERS

Сердечно-сосудистые факторы риска когнитивного дефицита и пути коррекции

Cardiovascular risk factors for cognitive deficiency and options for correction

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-4764

Коберская

Н. Н.

Koberskaya

N. N.

к.м.н., доцент кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины имени В.Н. Склифосовского; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрогериатрии

119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

129226, Россия, Москва, ул. 1-я Леонова, д. 16

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Neurogeriatrics

8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia

16, 1st Leonov St., Moscow, 129226, Russia

koberskaya_n_n@mail.ru

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова, Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центрРоссияV.N. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Clinical and Research Center of GerontologyRussian Federation

2022

10032022

023543

2022

Коберская Н.Н.

Koberskaya N.N.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6726

Сердечно-сосудистые факторы риска развития когнитивных нарушений и болезни Альцгеймера являются одними из самых значимых, особенно у пациентов пожилого возраста. В обзоре приводятся данные о влиянии на развитие когнитивного дефицита таких факторов, как артериальная гипертензия, артериальная гипотензия, сердечная недостаточность, ишемическая болезнь сердца и т.д. Наличие двух или более таких факторов риска, как правило, увеличивает вероятность развития болезни Альцгеймера. Рассматривается взаимосвязь этих факторов с развитием болезни Альцгеймера. Понимание того, как факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний могут вызывать прогрессирующее когнитивное нарушение, позволяет лучше понять патофизиологию болезни Альцгеймера и выделить методы профилактики или лечения сердечно-сосудистых факторов риска когнитивного снижения. Течение и исход сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний зависят от возраста пациента, предшествующего анамнеза, образа жизни, первичной профилактики, генетических и патологических факторов, влияющих на структурные и гемодинамические функции. Разбираются вопросы терапии этих нарушений. Обсуждаются методы нефармакологической терапии: значение образа жизни пациента, физической активности, вопросы питания, социальная активность пациентов. Большое внимание уделено роли когнитивного тренинга при ведении пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями. Одним из наиболее разработанных направлений является коррекция факторов риска инсульта и прогрессирования хронических нарушений кровообращения. Обсуждаются возможности применения препаратов с многофакторным механизмом действия, таких как экстракт Гинкго билоба EGb 761®, который отвечает регламентированному содержанию активных ингредиентов (флавоновых гликозидов, терпенлактонов и гинкголиевой кислоты) и, возможно, обещает быть более рациональным выбором при лечении когнитивных нарушений. Обсуждается роль экстракта Гинкго билоба EGb 761® в лечении сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний.

Cardiovascular risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease are ranked among the most significant ones, especially in elderly patients. The review provides data on the influence of such factors as arterial hypertension, arterial hypotension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, etc. on the development of cognitive deficiency. The presence of two or more of these risk factors generally tends to increase the possibility of the development of Alzheimer’s disease. The author examines the relationship between these factors and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Insights into how CVD risk factors can cause progressive cognitive impairment provides further insight into the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease and the identification of methods to prevent or treat CV risk factors for cognitive decline. The course and outcome of cardiovascular diseases depend on the patient’s age, previous medical history, lifestyle, primary prevention, genetic and pathological factors that affect structural and hemodynamic functions. The article addresses issues of therapy of these disorders. Methods of non-pharmacological therapy are discussed: the importance of the patient’s lifestyle, physical activity, nutritional issues, social activity of patients. Much attention is paid to the role of cognitive training in the management of patients with cognitive impairments. The correction of risk factors for stroke and the progression of chronic circulatory disorders is one of the most elaborated areas. The therapeutic potential drugs with a multifactorial mechanism of action are discussed. One of them is Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761®, which meets the regulated content of active ingredients (flavone glycosides, terpene lactones and ginkgolic acid) and, perhaps, promises to be a more rational choice in the treatment of cognitive impairment. The role of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is discussed.

когнитивные нарушенияболезнь Альцгеймерасердечно-сосудистые факторыартериальная гипертензияэкстракт Гинкго билоба EGb 761®

cognitive impairmentAlzheimer’s diseasecardiovascular factorshypertensionGinkgo biloba extract EGb 761®

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.