medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-4-35-40medsovet-6767Research ArticleХронические заболевания легкихНемедикаментозные методы лечения при бронхоэктазииNon-drug treatments for bronchiectasishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-4137МещеряковаН. Н.MeshcheryakovaN. N.

Мещерякова Наталья Николаевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии факультета дополнительного профессионального образования

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Natalia N. Meshcheryakova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pulmonology of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997

m_natalia1967@inbox.ruРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202206042022043540Copyright © Мещерякова Н.Н., 20222022Мещерякова Н.Н.Meshcheryakova N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6767

В последние десятилетия внимание к заболеваниям легких, связанным с бронхоэктазией, значительно возросло. Несмотря на наличие современных эффективных методов терапии, в первую очередь ингаляционной, проблемы улучшения мукоцилиарного клиренса, уменьшения гиперсекреции в  патологически деформированных бронхах не  теряют актуальности. У пациентов с бронхоэктазией, муковисцидозом, ХОБЛ с бронхоэктазами на первое место выходят методы кинезитерапии для улучшения дренажной функции легких. Одним из современных эффективных методов кинезитерапии является применение тренажеров с положительным экспираторным давлением. К таким тренажерам относятся PARI O-PEP и система PARI PEP S. Данные тренажеры эффективны и удобны в использовании. Система PARI PEP S присоединяется к небулайзеру, и пациент может проводить основную муколитическую терапию, усиленную сопротивлением при выдохе, что позволяет более эффективно влиять на дренажную функцию легких. Применение экспираторных тренажеров еще более эффективно, если включено в курс легочной реабилитации, проводится совместно с улучшением паттерна дыхания (рисунка дыхания) при помощи использования инспираторных тренажеров, с тренировкой верхней и нижней группы мышц, которые страдают при хроническом инфекционном процессе. Использование аппаратных методов улучшения дренажной функции легких, таких как вибрационно-компрессионная терапия, важно для купирования обострения бронхоэктазии. Учитывая наличие пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19), необходимо не допускать ухудшения течения или обострения заболеваний легких, связанных с бронхоэктазами, поэтому ежедневное использование физической тренировки, инспираторного тренинга и экспираторных тренажеров необходимо.

In recent decades, attention to lung diseases associated with bronchiectasis has increased significantly. Despite the availability of modern effective therapy methods, primarily inhalation therapy, the problems of improving mucociliary clearance, reducing hypersecretion in pathologically deformed bronchi do not lose relevance. In patients with bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, COPD with bronchiectasis, methods of kinesitherapy to improve lung drainage function come to the fore. One of modern effective methods of kinesitherapy is the use of simulators with positive expiratory pressure. This includes the PARI O-PEP and the PARI PEP S system. These simulators are effective and easy to use. The PARI PEP S system is attached to a nebulizer and the patient can perform basic mucolytic therapy with exhaled resistance, which is more effective in influencing lung drainage function. The use of expiratory simulators is even more effective if included in a pulmonary rehabilitation course, conducted in conjunction with the improvement of breathing pattern (breathing pattern) through the use of aspiratory simulators, with training of the upper and lower muscle groups that are affected by chronic infectious process. The use of hardware methods to improve lung drainage function, such as vibration and compression therapy, is important to manage exacerbations of bronchiectasis. Due to the pandemic of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), it is necessary to prevent worsening of the course or exacerbation of lung diseases associated with bronchiectasis, so the daily use of physical training, aspiration training and expiratory exercise machines is essential.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.