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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-6-144-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6824</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инновационный подход к профилактике и лечению острых респираторных инфекций у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>An innovative approach to the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7640-0754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларькова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larkova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения аллергологии, 115446, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 21;</p><p>старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии и  аллергологии, 119926, Москва,Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Allergy Department, 21, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115446;</p><p>Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, 2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosovskyi Ave., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inna_larkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1149-7927</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ревякина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Revyakina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая отделением аллергологии, 115446, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 21;</p><p>главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии и  аллергологии, 119926, Москва,Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Allergy Department, 21, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115446;</p><p>Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, 2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosovskyi Ave., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5356797@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; &#13;
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety;&#13;
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; &#13;
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety; &#13;
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ларькова И.А., Ревякина В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ларькова И.А., Ревякина В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Larkova I.A., Revyakina V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6824">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6824</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема профилактики и лечения острых респираторных инфекций (ОРИ) верхних дыхательных путей остается чрезвычайно актуальной задачей. Несмотря на то что более чем в 90% случаев этиологическим фактором ОРИ являются вирусы, факт активного применения антибактериальных препаратов в лечении пациентов с данной патологией наряду с отсутствием эффективных противовирусных средств не может не вызывать все большую озабоченность, посколько это сопряжено с ростом бактериальной резистентности, сенсибилизации, а также воспалительных заболеваний, а значит, требует разработки совершенно иных альтернативных методов лечения. С  момента открытия микробиома человека в  течение последних двух десятилетий активно изучаются не только микробиота как участник инфекционного процесса, но и пробиотики как фактор управления иммунными реакциями макроорганизма при вирусных инфекциях. Кроме того, в научной литературе продемонстрирована противовирусная активность разных пробиотических штаммов, что объясняет интерес научного сообщества к применению пробиотиков при ОРИ, тем более что пробиотики показали не только эффективность, но и высокую безопасность у пациентов разных возрастных групп, в том числе младенцев. Таким образом, обзор литературы показал, что имеющиеся на сегодня данные как клинических исследований, так и экспериментальных работ по применению пробиотиков при ОРИ свидетельствуют о  потенциальных возможностях подобной инновационной стратегии не только для профилактики, но и для лечения острого периода заболевания, что должно стать основанием для ее более широкого внедрения в практику врача. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of prevention and treatment of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract remains extremely at the top. Although viruses are the etiological factor in more than 90% of acute respiratory infections, the fact of the active use of antibiotics in the treatment of patients with this patology, along with the lack of effective antiviral agents can cause increasing concern, since this is assocatied with an increase in bacterial resistance, sensitization and inflammatory diseases and therefore requires the development of completely different alternative methods of treatment. Since the discovery of the human microbiome over the past two decades, not only the microbiota as a participant in the infectious process, but also probiotics as a factor in managing the immune responses of the macroorganism in viral infections have been actively studied. In addition, the antiviral activity of different probiotic strains has been demonstrated in the scientific literature, which explains the interest of the scientific community in the use of probiotics in acute respiratory infections, especially since probiotics have shown not only efficacy, but aalso high safety in patients of different age groups, including infants. Thus, the literature review showed that the currently available data both from clinical studies and experimental work on the use of probiotics in acute respiratory infections indicate the potential of such an innovative strategy not only for the prevention but also for the treatment of the acute period of the disease, which should be the basis for its wider use in real practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острые респираторные вирусные инфекции</kwd><kwd>пробиотик</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>иммуномодуляция</kwd><kwd>противовирусный эффект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute respiratory viral infections</kwd><kwd>probiotic</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>immunomodulation</kwd><kwd>antiviral effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fendrick A.M., Monto A.S., Nightengale B., Sarnes M. 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