medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-6-264-272medsovet-6839Research ArticleПРАКТИКАPRACTICEПатофизиологические нарушения в метаболизме железа при развитии ожирения и метаболического синдромаPathophysiological disorders in iron metabolism in the development of obesity and metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-9207СмирноваО. В.SmirnovaO. V.

д.м.н., доцент, заведующая лабораторией клинической патофизиологии, 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology, 

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

ovsmirnova71@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4268-6568МоскаленкоО. Л.MoskalenkoO. L.

к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической патофизиологии, 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology, 

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

gre-ll@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-1688КаспаровЭ. В.KasparovE. V.

д.м.н., профессор, директор, Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера – обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»;

заместитель директора, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»;

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director;

Deputy Director, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

 

impn@impn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9464-6133КаспароваИ. Э.KasparovaI. E.

к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической патофизиологии, 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3Г

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology, 

3G, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

impn@impn.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера – обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North – Separate Subdivision of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Russian Federation20222704202206264272Copyright © Смирнова О.В., Москаленко О.Л., Каспаров Э.В., Каспарова И.Э., 20222022Смирнова О.В., Москаленко О.Л., Каспаров Э.В., Каспарова И.Э.Smirnova O.V., Moskalenko O.L., Kasparov E.V., Kasparova I.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6839

Ожирение и метаболический синдром являются одной из основных проблем общественного здравоохранения в XXI в. из-за их распространенности. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, дислипидемия, сахарный диабет 2-го типа, артериальная гипертензия, хроническое воспаление и анемия – сопутствующие ожирению неинфекционные заболевания. При ожирении возникают нарушение метаболизма и дефицит железа, что еще больше способствует развитию метаболических расстройств. Железо является вторым по распространенности металлом на Земле, при этом его дефицит является наиболее распространенным нарушением питания, а его биодоступность снижена из-за образования им нерастворимых оксидов. Метаболизм железа в организме связан с образованием активных форм кислорода, участвующих в процессах липопероксидации, и регулируется в  организме человека на  всех уровнях, а  нарушение регуляции любого этапа метаболизма может приводить к дефициту железа и развитию анемии, связанному с ожирением. В этой обзорной статье суммируются данные о молекулярных и клеточных нарушениях в обмене железа при ожирении и метаболическом синдроме. Целью нашего исследования явилось изучение данных литературы о патофизиологических нарушениях в метаболизме железа при развитии ожирения и метаболического синдрома. В будущем потребуются дополнительные исследования по изучению метаболизма железа при ожирении с целью профилактического и терапевтического воздействия на него. До конца не изучена роль окислительного стресса при нарушении обмена железа при ожирении, при этом дефицит железа способствует усилению процессов липопероксидации при антиоксидантной недостаточности. В таких условиях окислительный стресс может вызывать повреждение клеток и разрушать эритроциты. Возникает вопрос: может ли восстановление гомеостаза железа при ожирении улучшить метаболические, воспалительные расстройства и уменьшить проявление окислительного стресса, став новым инновационным подходом к лечению сопутствующих метаболических заболеваний, связанных с ожирением. 

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are one of the major public health problems in the 21st century due to their prevalence. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic inflammation and anemia are non-communicable diseases accompanying obesity. With obesity, there is a violation of iron metabolism, iron deficiency, which further contributes to the  development of  metabolic disorders. Iron is the  second most abundant metal on Earth, and its bioavailability is reduced due to the formation of insoluble oxides, while iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder. Iron metabolism in the body is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species involved in lipid peroxidation processes. Iron metabolism in the human body is regulated at all levels; dysregulation of any stage of metabolism can lead to iron deficiency and the development of anemia associated with obesity. This review article summarizes data on molecular and cellular abnormalities in iron metabolism in obesity and metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study was to study, according to the literature, pathophysiological disorders in iron metabolism in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In the future, more research is required to study iron metabolism in obesity with the aim of their preventive and therapeutic effects. The role of oxidative stress in impaired iron metabolism in obesity has not been fully studied, while iron deficiency enhances lipid peroxidation processes in antioxidant deficiency. Under these conditions, oxidative stress can damage cells and destroy red blood cells. The question arises whether the restoration of iron homeostasis in obesity can improve metabolic, inflammatory disorders and reduce the manifestation of oxidative stress, becoming a new innovative approach to the treatment of concomitant metabolic diseases associated with obesity. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.