medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-11-54-60medsovet-6956Research ArticleНЕРВНО-ПСИХИЧЕСКИЕ РАССТРОЙСТВАNEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERSИнформационная перегрузка и нарушения снаInformation overload and sleep disordershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-2106ПчелинаП. В.PchelinaP. V.

Пчелина Полина Валерьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-невролог отделения медицины сна Клиники нервных болезней имени А.Я. Кожевникова

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11, стр. 1

Polina V. Pchelina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurologist, Department of Sleep Medicine, Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous Diseases

11, Bldg. 1, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021

polbox@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9058СурсаевВ. А.SursaevV. A.

Сурсаев Владислав Александрович, врач-ординатор отделения медицины сна Клиники нервных болезней имени А.Я. Кожевникова

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11, стр. 1

Vladislav A. Sursaev, Resident Physician, Department of  Sleep Medicine, Kozhevnikov Clinic of  Nervous Diseases

11, Bldg. 1, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021

ladislav.sursaev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-0918ПолуэктовМ. Г.PoluektovM. G.

Полуэктов Михаил Гурьевич, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением медицины сна Клиники нервных болезней имени А.Я. Кожевникова

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11, стр. 1

Mikhail G. Poluektov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Sleep Medicine, Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous Diseases

11, Bldg. 1, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021

polouekt@mail.ruУниверситетская клиническая больница №3 Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияUniversity Clinical Hospital No. 3, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)Russian Federation2022060720220115460Copyright © Пчелина П.В., Сурсаев В.А., Полуэктов М.Г., 20222022Пчелина П.В., Сурсаев В.А., Полуэктов М.Г.Pchelina P.V., Sursaev V.A., Poluektov M.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6956

В связи с глобализацией и переходом людей к информационному обществу стали проявляться негативные стороны этих процессов, а именно появление практически неограниченного доступа к огромному количеству информации. Информационная перегрузка – явление, при котором объемы поступающей информации превосходят объективные возможности ее восприятия. Стои́т вопрос влияния этого процесса на здоровье человека, в частности на сон. В статье представлен обзор видов информационной перегрузки, путей передачи информации, механизмов влияния на субъективную оценку своего состояния и возникновения нарушений сна. Рассмотрены такие явления, как думскроллинг, коммуникативная перегрузка, недоверие к цифровой безопасности, кибернасилие, цифровое неравенство как медиаторы либо следствие информационной перегрузки. Данная тема привлекла интерес на фоне пандемии COVID-19, поскольку изоляция, ограничение двигательной активности, увеличение времени, проводимого за экраном, стали важными предикторами не только нарушений сна, но и других проблем со здоровьем. Объектами исследования чаще всего становятся подростки, молодые люди до 35 лет (поколение Z) как самые активные пользователи смартфонов, мессенджеров, социальных сетей и других средств массовой информации и коммуникации. Поднята проблема предоставления противоречивой информации для пользователей социальных сетей разных регионов проживания и социально-экономических уровней. Рассмотрен вопрос связи информационной перегрузки с психологическим состоянием, тревогой, депрессией, другими психофизиологическими нарушениями. Большинство исследователей сходятся во мнении, что способами решения описанных проблем являются ограничение времени использования информационных ресурсов и количества потребляемого контента в сутки, соблюдение гигиены сна. Для определения патофизиологических механизмов влияния стресса на сон требуются дополнительные исследования.

 

Due to the processes of globalization and transition to the information society their negative effects started to become apparent, namely virtually unlimited access to an abundance of information. Information overload occurs when the amount of information exceeds the perceptual abilities of accepting human being. It questions the impact of this process on health and sleep. Such phenomena as mind scrolling, communicative overload, distrust of digital security, cyber violence, digital inequality as mediators or consequences of information overload are considered. This article reviews the types of the information overload, ways of disseminating information, mechanisms of influence on the self-rated health and psychological condition and sleep, connections with anxiety and depression. This subject became especially relevant in  the context of  COVID-19 pandemic, since isolation, restriction of motor activity, and increased time spent behind the screen have become important predictors not only of sleep disorders, but also of other health problems. The article addresses the issue of subjects of studies are usually teenagers and people under 35 (generation Z), as the most active smartphones, messengers, social networks and mass media users. The problem of providing unfair information to users of social networks of different regions of residence, socio-economic levels is raised. Most scientists agree that the ways to solve the described problems are to limit the time behind the screen, the amount of content consumed per day, and compliance with sleep hygiene. Additional studies are required to determine the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of the effect of stress on sleep.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.