<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-12-40-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6978</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БРОНХОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ И ОТОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRONCHOPULMONOLOGY, OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Острые респираторные инфекции сочетанной этиологии у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute respiratory infections of concomitant etiology in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-8112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Светлана Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии.</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3, лит. А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Nikolaeva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology.</p><p>3, letter A, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolaeva008@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4821-676X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлыповка</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlypovka</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хлыповка Юлия Николаевна – кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии.</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3, лит. А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya N. Khlypovka - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Junior Researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology.</p><p>3, letter A, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ve-stu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелов Александр Васильевич - академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе, ЦНИИ эпидемиологии; профессор кафедры детских болезней, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова.</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3, лит. А; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Gorelov - Academician RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; Professor of the Department of Children's Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>3, letter A, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123; 8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Николаева С.В., Хлыповка Ю.Н., Горелов А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Николаева С.В., Хлыповка Ю.Н., Горелов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikolaeva S.V., Khlypovka Y.N., Gorelov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6978">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6978</self-uri><abstract><p>В структуре инфекционной патологии острые респираторные инфекции (ОРИ) в настоящее время являются значимой проблемой. В Российской Федерации ОРИ входят в перечень заболеваний, имеющих наибольшую экономическую значимость. Согласно данным, приведенным в Государственном докладе «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2020 году», ОРИ занимают ведущее место в структуре инфекционных и паразитарных болезней. На современном этапе чрезвычайно актуальна проблема сочетанного инфицирования. При сочетанных инфекциях возможно формирование 3 сценариев взаимодействия респираторных возбудителей между собой, реализующихся в виде синергизма (более тяжелое по сравнению с моноинфекциями течение болезни), антагонизма (более легкое течение инфекции) или индифферентности (отсутствие взаимосвязи 2 инфекционных патогенов, в результате чего болезнь течет как две отдельных инфекции). Возможно искажение клинических проявлений болезни, т. к. возникают новые симптомы, несвойственные для классического течения каждой из инфекций в отдельности. В клинической практике часто назначают антибактериальную терапию в тех случаях, когда этиологический агент инфекции не выявлен, при этом ориентиром является клиническая картина болезни и тяжесть состояния больного, обусловленная чаще всего симптомами интоксикации и выраженностью лихорадочной реакции, и имеющая схожие симптомы при вирусных и бактериальных ОРИ. Поэтому быстрое обнаружение возбудителя может помочь избежать нерациональной терапии и полипрагмазии. Приведен клинический пример лечения ОРИ сочетанной этиологии, которая требовала дифференцированного подхода с назначением противовирусного лекарственного средства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) still represent a considerable challenge in the infectious pathology patterns. ARIs are included in the list of diseases with the greatest economic importance in the Russian Federation. According to the State Report on Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of Population in the Russian Federation in 2020, ARIs hold a dominant position in the infectious and parasitic disease patterns. The issue of concomitant infection is extremely topical today. Three scenarios of interaction between respiratory causative pathogens may develop in co-infections: synergism (more severe progress of a disease as compared to mono-infections), antagonism (milder progress of an infectious disease) or indifference (absence of interaction between two infectious pathogens, as a result of which a disease develops as two separate infections). A clinical symptom presentation of a disease may be distorted, as new symptoms that are not typical of the traditional progression of each of the infections may appear. In clinical practice, antibacterial therapy is often prescribed in cases where etiological infectious agents are not identified, and a reference point is the clinical characteristics of a disease and the severity of patient's condition that is most frequently caused by intoxication symptoms and intensity of feverish reaction and is exhibiting similar symptoms in viral and bacterial ARIs. That is why the rapid identification of the causative agents can help avoid irrational therapy and polypragmasia. The article provides a clinical case of the treatment of ARI of concomitant etiology which required a differentiated approach and prescription of an antiviral drug.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>респираторные инфекции</kwd><kwd>сочетанная этиология</kwd><kwd>симптомы</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>противовирусные средства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>respiratory infections</kwd><kwd>concomitant etiology</kwd><kwd>symptoms</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>antiviral drugs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Селькова Е.П., Калюжин О.В. ОРВИ и грипп: в помощь практикующему врачу. М.: МИА; 2015. 224 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selkova E.P., Kalyuzhin O.V. ARVI and influenza: in aid of a practising physician. Moscow: MIA; 2015. 224 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Учайкин В.Ф., Шамшева О.В. Три источника и три составные части концепции патогенеза инфекционного заболевания. Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни. Актуальные вопросы. 2013;(5):10-14. Режим доступа: https://epidemiology-journal.ru/ru/archive/article/12203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uchaikin V.F., Shamsheva O.V. Three sources and three components of the concept of the pathogenesis of an infectious disease. Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2013;(5):10-14. (In Russ.) Available at: https://epidemiology-journal.ru/ru/archive/article/12203.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шкарин В.В., Благонравова А.С., Чумаков М.Э. Эпидемиологические особенности сочетанных природно-очаговых инфекций. Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика. 2017;16(5):43-52. https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2017-16-5-43-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shkarin V.V., Blagonravova A.S., Chumakov E.M. Epidemiological features of combined natural-focal infections. Epidemiologiya i Vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2017;16(5):43-52. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2017-16-5-43-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim F.J., de Klerk N., Blyth C.C., Fathima P., Moore H.C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. Respirology. 2016;21(4):648-655. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.12741.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lim F.J., de Klerk N., Blyth C.C., Fathima P., Moore H.C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. Respirology. 2016;21(4):648-655. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.12741.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semple M.G., Cowell A., Dove W., Greensill J., McNamara P.S., Halfhide C. et al. Dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(3):382-386. https://doi.org/10.1086/426457.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semple M.G., Cowell A., Dove W., Greensill J., McNamara P.S., Halfhide C. et al. Dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(3):382-386. https://doi.org/10.1086/426457.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chauhan J.C., Slamon N.B. The impact of multiple viral respiratory infections on outcomes for critically Ill children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017;18(8):e333-e338. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000001232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chauhan J.C., Slamon N.B. The impact of multiple viral respiratory infections on outcomes for critically Ill children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017;18(8):e333-e338. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000001232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cilla G., Onate E., Perez-Yarza E.G., Montes M., Vicente D., Perez-Trallero E. Viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old: high rate of viral coinfection. J Med Virol. 2008;80(10):1843-1849. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.21271.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cilla G., Onate E., Perez-Yarza E.G., Montes M., Vicente D., Perez-Trallero E. Viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old: high rate of viral coinfection. J Med Virol. 2008;80(10):1843-1849. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.21271.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martin E.T., Kuypers J., Wald A., Englund J.A. Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2012;6(1):71-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00265.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martin E.T., Kuypers J., Wald A., Englund J.A. Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2012;6(1):71-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00265.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yen C.-Y., Wu W.-T., Chang C.-Y., Wong Y.-C., Lai C.-C., Chan Y.-J. et al. Viral etiologies of acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized children - A comparison between single and multiple viral infections. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2019;52(6):902-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2019.08.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yen C.-Y., Wu W.-T., Chang C.-Y., Wong Y.-C., Lai C.-C., Chan Y.-J. et al. Viral etiologies of acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized children - A comparison between single and multiple viral infections. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2019;52(6):902-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2019.08.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCullough A.R., Pollack A.J., Hansen M. P., Glasziou P.P., Looke D.F., Britt H.C., Del Mar C.B. Antibiotics for acute respiratory infections in general practice: comparison of prescribing rates with guideline recommendations. Med J Aust. 2017;207(2):65-69. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja16.01042.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCullough A.R., Pollack A.J., Hansen M. P., Glasziou P.P., Looke D.F., Britt H.C., Del Mar C.B. Antibiotics for acute respiratory infections in general practice: comparison of prescribing rates with guideline recommendations. Med J Aust. 2017;207(2):65-69. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja16.01042.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bozic B., Bajcetic M. Use of antibiotics in paediatric primary care settings in Serbia. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(10):966-999. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-308274.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bozic B., Bajcetic M. Use of antibiotics in paediatric primary care settings in Serbia. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(10):966-999. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-308274.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maltezou H.C., Dedoukou X., Asimaki H., Kontou I., Ioannidou L., Mitromara K. et al. Consumption of antibiotics by children in Greece: a cross-sectional study. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2017;4(3):108-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpam.2017.04.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maltezou H.C., Dedoukou X., Asimaki H., Kontou I., Ioannidou L., Mitromara K. et al. Consumption of antibiotics by children in Greece: a cross-sectional study. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2017;4(3):108-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpam.2017.04.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рачина С.А., Козлов Р.С., Таточенко В.К., Жаркова Л.П., Дудникова Э.В., Сакулина И.Б. и др. Практика лечения острых респираторных инфекций у детей в амбулаторно-поликлинических учреждениях РФ: результаты многоцентрового фармакоэпидемиологического исследования. Клини-чес кая фармакология и терапия. 2016;25(2):20-27. Режим доступа: https://clinpharm-journal.ru/files/issues/Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapy_2016.2.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rachina S.A., Kozlov R.S., Tatochenko V.K., Zharkova L.P., Dudnikova E.V., Sakulina I.B et al. Paediatricians approach to prescribing of systemic antimicrobials in outpatient children with upper respiratory tract and ENT infections: data from multicenter survey. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy. 2016;25(2):20-27. (In Russ.) Available at: https://clinpharm-journal.ru/files/issues/Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapy_2016.2.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Максимов М.Л., Кулагина Л.Ю., Замалутдинова А.Г., Николаева С.В., Горелов А.В., Каннер Е.В. Клиническая фармакология антибактериальных препаратов. Казань: МеДДоК; 2021. 164 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maksimov M.L., Kulagina L.YU., Zamalutdinova A.G., Nikolaeva S.V., Gorelov A.V., Kanner E.V. Clinical pharmacology of antibacterial drugs. Kazan: MeDDoK; 2021. 164 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
