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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-12-178-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6995</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICIAN SCHOOL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция бронхиальной астмы у детей в течение трех лет от постановки диагноза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bronchial asthma evolution in children within 3 years from the diagnosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трусова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trusova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трусова Ольга Валерьевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры терапии госпитальной с курсом аллергологии и иммунологии имени академика М.В. Черноруцкого с клиникой.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Trusova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy with the Course of Allergology and Immunology named after Academician M.V. Chernorutsky with the Clinic, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University.</p><p>6-8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o-tru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9654-3429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamaev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камаев Андрей Вячеславович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики (семейной медицины).</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Kamaev - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of General Medical Practice (Family Medicine), Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University.</p><p>6-8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andykkam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-4662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдук</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaiduk</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайдук Ирина Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры педиатрии имени академика А.Ф. Тура.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina M. Gaiduk - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Pediatrics named after Professor A.F. Tur, St Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University.</p><p>2, Litovskaya St., St Petersburg, 194100.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sheveluk@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-4994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Ирина Владимировна - врач аллерголог-иммунолог.</p><p>191144, Санкт-Петербург, Мытнинская ул., д. 25а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Kuznetsova - Allergist-Immunologist, Chlidren Outpatient Clinic No. 44.</p><p>25a, Mytninskaya St., St Petersburg, 191144.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorishka_911@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская поликлиника №44</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chlidren Outpatient Clinic No. 44</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трусова О.В., Камаев А.В., Гайдук И.М., Кузнецова И.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трусова О.В., Камаев А.В., Гайдук И.М., Кузнецова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trusova O.V., Kamaev A.A., Gaiduk I.M., Kuznetsova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6995">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6995</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Естественное течение бронхиальной астмы у детей, у которых недавно установлен данный диагноз, изучено недостаточно хорошо.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Определить тенденции течения бронхиальной астмы легкой степени тяжести у детей на протяжении 3 лет с момента первичной постановки диагноза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное контролируемое исследование включили 149 детей (106 мальчиков, 43 девочки) в возрасте от 5 лет до 5 лет 11 мес. с диагностированной менее 1 года назад бронхиальной астмой легкого течения. На протяжении 3-летнего наблюдения оценивали степень тяжести бронхиальной астмы, потребность в базисной и экстренной терапии. Увеличение объема терапии и степени тяжести бронхиальной астмы расценивали как прогрессирование заболевания; учитывали спектр и расширение сенсибилизации к ингаляционным аллергенам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Из 149 детей с персистирующей бронхиальной астмой в 103 случаях была выявлена сенсибилизация к одному или нескольким бытовым аллергенам, наиболее часто к кошке (36,2% в когорте) и пылевым клещам (30,9% в когорте). За 3 года наблюдения у пациентов не было зарегистрировано формирования стойкой ремиссии бронхиальной астмы с возможностью отмены базисной терапии на срок более 6 мес. подряд. У детей, получающих базисную терапию, характерно (до 71% случаев) сохранение потребности в терапии или наращивание объема терапии (до 27% случаев). У детей, изначально не получавших базисной терапии, характерно наращивание терапии (63% случаев). Прогрессирование заболевания отмечено за 3 года наблюдения у 70 (47%) пациентов, наиболее часто - в группе людей, изначально не получавших базисную терапию (73,5%), а также среди детей с полисенсибилизацией к бытовым аллергенам (88,9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Динамическое наблюдение пациентов дошкольного возраста с бронхиальной астмой показывает тенденцию к персистированию или прогрессированию заболевания в первые 3 года от постановки диагноза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The natural history of bronchial asthma (BA) in newly diagnosed children is not well understood.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine the trends in the course of mild BA in children over 3 years from the date of initial diagnosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A prospective controlled study included 149 children (106 boys, 43 girls) aged 5 years to 5 years 11 months with mild BA diagnosed less than 1 year ago. During a 3-year follow-up, the severity of BA, the need for basic and emergency therapy were assessed. An increase in therapy and the severity of BA was regarded as progression of the disease; the spectrum and extension of sensitization to inhaled allergens were taken into account.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Of 149 children with persistent asthma, 103 were sensitized to one or more household allergens, most frequently to cat (36.2% in the cohort) and dust mites (30.9%). During 3 years of follow-up, the patients did not develop a stable remission of BA with the possibility of canceling basic therapy for more than 6 months in a row. In children receiving basic therapy, it is typical (up to 71% of cases) that the need for therapy remains, or the volume of therapy increases (up to 27% of cases). In children who initially did not receive basic therapy, an increase in therapy is typical (63% of cases). Disease progression was noted over 3 years of follow-up in 70 (47%) patients, most often in the group who initially did not receive basic therapy (73.5%) as well as among children with polysensitization to household allergens (88.9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Dynamic observation of preschool age patients with BA shows a tendency to persistence or progression of the disease in the first 3 years from the diagnosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>естественное течение заболевания</kwd><kwd>прогрессирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>natural course of the disease</kwd><kwd>progression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абдрахманова С.Т., Абелевич М.М., Алискандиев А.М., Архипов В.В., Астафьева Н.Г., Ашерова И.К. и др. Национальная программа «Бронхиальная астма у детей. Стратегия лечения и профилактика». 5-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Оригинал-макет; 2017. 160 с. 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