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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-14-178-184</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7036</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления об этиологии, патогенезе, диагностике и лечении хронического неспецифического цервицита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern ideas about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of chronic nonspecific cervicitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2826-9111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одыванова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odyvanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Одыванова Ангелина Александровна, аспирант</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Angelina A. Odyvanova, Postgraduate Student</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lina6345@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-9065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Межевитинова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mezhevitinova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межевитинова Елена Анатольевна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Mezhevitinova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mejevitinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-7629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прилепская</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prilepskaya</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прилепская Вера Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, руководитель научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera N. Prilepskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honoured Master of Science of the Russian Federation, Head of Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vprilepskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-2406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Донников</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Donnikov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Донников Андрей Евгеньевич, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией молекулярно-генетических методов</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey E. Donnikov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Methods</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">donnikov@dna-technology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-3377</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уруйгмагова</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uruymagova</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уруймагова Ада Тимуровна, аспирант</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ada T. Uruymagova, Postgraduate Student</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ada.uruimagova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-5272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакарова</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakarova</surname><given-names>P. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абакарова Патимат Рапиевна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Patimat R. Abakarova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abakarova2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9499-7654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назарова Нисо Мирзоевна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Niso M. Nazarova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grab2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2835-6685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Довлетханова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dovletkhanova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Довлетханова Эльмира Робертовна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elmira R. Dovletkhanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eldoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3895-8225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусаков</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusakov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусаков Кирилл Ильич, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill I. Gusakov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Research Outpatient Department</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kigusakov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-1360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кепша</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kepsha</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кепша Мария Александровна, ординатор</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Kepsha, Resident Physician</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">infino-creative@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>14</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Одыванова А.А., Межевитинова Е.А., Прилепская В.Н., Донников А.Е., Уруйгмагова А.Т., Абакарова П.Р., Назарова Н.М., Довлетханова Э.Р., Гусаков К.И., Кепша М.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Одыванова А.А., Межевитинова Е.А., Прилепская В.Н., Донников А.Е., Уруйгмагова А.Т., Абакарова П.Р., Назарова Н.М., Довлетханова Э.Р., Гусаков К.И., Кепша М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Odyvanova A.A., Mezhevitinova E.A., Prilepskaya V.N., Donnikov A.E., Uruymagova A.T., Abakarova P.R., Nazarova N.M., Dovletkhanova E.R., Gusakov K.I., Kepsha M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7036">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7036</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время цервициты неспецифической этиологии являются одной из актуальных проблем современной гинекологии в связи с крайне высокой частотой их встречаемости, склонностью к хроническому рецидивирующему течению, негативным влиянием на репродуктивное здоровье, риском развития целого ряда осложнений. Убедительно показана роль нарушений влагалищного микробиоценоза и локального иммунного статуса в развитии хронического неспецифического цервицита (ХНЦ). Замещение лактобацилл преимущественно анаэробными микроорганизмами (Ureaplasma, Mycoplasma, Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus spp. и Bacteroides spp.), характерное для бактериального вагиноза, крайне часто выявляется у пациенток с ХНЦ. Особое значение с точки зрения уточнения патофизиологических механизмов развития и разработки новых диагностических и прогностических маркеров, а также персонализации терапии ХНЦ имеет изучение цитокинового статуса. Для цервицитов и других воспалительных заболеваний нижних отделов половых путей характерно увеличение экспрессии провоспалительных цитокинов с одновременным угнетением образования противовоспалительных цитокинов. Выявлены значительные разнонаправленные изменения баланса содержания про- и противовоспалительных цитокинов при активном и хроническом вялотекущем цервиците. Следует отметить, что несмотря на разнообразие предложенных подходов к терапии ХНЦ, в настоящее время эта проблема крайне далека от своего решения. Одним из перспективных направлений является персонализация терапии ХНЦ на основании молекулярно-генетических маркеров (полиморфизмы генов цитокинов, Toll-like рецепторов, генов системы детоксикации). Применение такого персонализированного подхода может позволить значительно повысить эффективность лечения ХНЦ и снизить риск развития рецидивов заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, cervicitis of nonspecific etiology is one of the urgent problems of modern gynecology due to the extremely high frequency of their occurrence, a tendency to a chronic relapsing course, a negative impact on reproductive health, and the risk of developing a number of complications. The role of violations of vaginal microbiocenosis and local immune status in the development of CNC has been convincingly shown. The replacement of lactobacilli with predominantly anaerobic microorganisms (Ureaplasma, Mycoplasma, Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus spp. and Bacteroides spp.), characteristic of bacterial vaginosis, is extremely often detected in patients with CNC. Of particular importance from the point of view of clarifying the pathophysiological mechanisms of development and the development of new diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as the personalization of CNC therapy, is the study of the cytokine status. Cervicitis and other inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract are characterized by an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines with simultaneous inhibition of the formation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Significant multidirectional changes in the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were revealed in active and chronic sluggish cervicitis. It should be noted that, despite the variety of proposed approaches to CNC therapy, this problem is still far from being solved to date. One of the promising directions is the personalization of CNC therapy based on molecular genetic markers (polymorphisms of cytokine genes, Toll-like receptors, genes of the detoxification system). The use of such a personalized approach can significantly increase the effectiveness of CNC treatment and reduce the risk of disease recurrence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический цервицит</kwd><kwd>неспецифический хронический цервицит</kwd><kwd>микробиота влагалища</kwd><kwd>влагалищный микробиоценоз</kwd><kwd>бактериальный вагиноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic cervicitis</kwd><kwd>nonspecific chronic cervicitis</kwd><kwd>vaginal microbiota</kwd><kwd>vaginal microbiocenosis</kwd><kwd>bacterial vaginosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буралкина Н.А., Каткова А.С., Арутюнова Е.Э., Жорова В.Е., Батырова З.К., Власова Г.А. Воспалительные заболевания органов малого таза: патогенетические аспекты, диагностика, клиника, лечение (обзор литературы). Гинекология. 2018;20(3):12–15. 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