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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-14-228-234</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7043</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Индивидуализированный подход к выбору пероральных антикоагулянтов у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с фибрилляцией предсердий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A personalised approach to the choice of oral anticoagulants in elderly and senile patients with atrial fibrillation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-7654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ших</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikh</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ших Евгения Валерьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia V. Shikh, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6560-2756</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиндряева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shindryaeva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиндряева Наталья Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, главный врач</p><p>117556, Россия, Москва, ул. Фруктовая, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Shindryaeva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Medical Officer</p><p>12, Fruktovaya St., Moscow, 117556</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mont76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4374-9754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Реброва</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebrova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Реброва Екатерина Владиславовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Rebrova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katrina1987@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2222-836X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапидус</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapidus</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапидус Наталья Ильинична, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры медико-социальной экспертизы, неотложной и поликлинической терапии Института профессионального образования</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya I. Lapidus, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Medical and Social Expertise, Emergency and Polyclinic Therapy of the Institute of Professional Education</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat_lap@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0994-2833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жукова Ольга Вадимовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Zhukova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_zhukova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стук</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стук Ирина Валерьевна, аспирант кафедры медико-социальной экспертизы, неотложной и поликлинической терапии</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Stuk, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Medical and Social Expertise, Emergency and Polyclinic Therapy</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stuk_i_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королева Ирина Геннадьевна, аспирант кафедры медико-социальной экспертизы, неотложной и поликлинической терапии</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Koroleva, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Medical and Social Expertise, Emergency and Polyclinic Therapy</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koroleva_i_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская поликлиника №2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Рolyclinic No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>14</issue><fpage>228</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ших Е.В., Шиндряева Н.Н., Реброва Е.В., Лапидус Н.И., Жукова О.В., Стук И.В., Королева И.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ших Е.В., Шиндряева Н.Н., Реброва Е.В., Лапидус Н.И., Жукова О.В., Стук И.В., Королева И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shikh E.V., Shindryaeva N.N., Rebrova E.V., Lapidus N.I., Zhukova O.V., Stuk I.V., Koroleva I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7043">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7043</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. За последние годы накоплены данные относительно возможных ассоциаций между нарушениями когнитивных функций и фибрилляцией предсердий. Результаты ретроспективных и проспективных исследований подтверждают, что антикоагулянтная терапия у пациентов с ФП может снижать риск когнитивных нарушений и деменции.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить индивидуальные особенности пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с фибрилляцией предсердий, влияющие на выбор антикоагулянтной терапии, с целью последующей ее оптимизации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 159 пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий неклапанного генеза в возрасте старше 60 лет. Было сформировано 4 группы больных. Наибольшее количество пациентов получали ривароксабан и варфарин (36,4 и 34,6% соответственно), 26 (16,3%) больных находились на терапии дабигатраном, 20 (12,6%) – апиксабаном. Риск тромбоэмболических осложнений оценивался по шкале CHA2DS2-VASc. Для оценки риска кровотечений использовали шкалу HAS-BLED. Фармакогенетическое исследование (носительство полиморфных аллелей генов CYP2C9 и VКORС1) было проведено 138 пациентам. Когнитивные нарушения оценивались по Mini-Cog-тесту и батарее лобных тестов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Прием пероральных антикоагулянтов снижает риск развития инсульта и деменции у пациентов; наличие когнитивных нарушений, в свою очередь, значительно снижает приверженность больного терапии и уменьшает ее эффективность. Приверженность пациентов терапии была значимо ниже на 10–20% у больных, имеющих когнитивные нарушения, согласно тесту Mini-Cog и батарее лобных тестов. В случае отсутствия выраженных когнитивных нарушений (более высокая приверженность лечению), доступности и готовности контролировать МНО варфарин остается препаратом выбора у пациентов с почечной недостаточностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выявлен ряд проблем с практикой применения пероральных антикоагулянтов у пациентов пожилого возраста с фибрилляцией предсердий. Простота в применении новых пероральных антикоагулянтов, отсутствие необходимости подбирать дозы и контролировать терапию являются важным фактором при выборе препарата.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In recent years, data have been accumulated regarding possible associations between cognitive impairment and atrial fibrillation. The results of retrospective and prospective studies confirm that anticoagulant therapy in patients with AF can reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the individual characteristics of elderly and senile patients with atrial fibrillation, influencing the choice of anticoagulant therapy, with a view to its subsequent optimization.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 159 patients with atrial fibrillation of non-valvular genesis aged over 60 years. 4 groups of patients were formed. The largest number of patients received rivaroxaban and warfarin (36.4% and 34.6%, respectively). 26 (16.3%) patients were treated with dabigatran, 20 (12.6%) patients with apixaban. The risk of thromboembolic complications was assessed on the CHA2DS2-VASc scale. The HAS-BLED scale was used to assess the risk of bleeding. A pharmacogenetic study (carriage of polymorphic alleles of the CYP2C9 and VCORC1 genes) was conducted in 138 patients. Cognitive impairment was assessed by a Mini-Cog test and a battery of frontal tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Taking oral anticoagulants reduces the risk of stroke and dementia in patients; the presence of cognitive impairment, in  turn, significantly reduces the patient’s adherence to therapy and reduces the effectiveness of therapy. Patients’ adherence to therapy was significantly lower by 10–20% in patients with cognitive impairment according to the Mini-Cog test and a battery of frontal tests. In the absence of pronounced cognitive impairment (higher adherence to treatment) and availability and willingness to control INR, warfarin remains the drug of choice in patients with renal insufficiency.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A number of problems with the use of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation have been identified. The ease of use of new oral anticoagulants, the absence of the need to select doses and monitor therapy is an important factor when choosing a drug.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варфарин</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>приверженность лечению</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>warfarin</kwd><kwd>anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>treatment adherence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kornej J., Börschel C.S., Benjamin E.J., Schnabel R.B. Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation in the 21st Century. Circ Res. 2020;127(1):4–20. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.316340.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kornej J., Börschel C.S., Benjamin E.J., Schnabel R.B. 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