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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-16-143-149</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексная терапия рецидивирующих инфекций мочевых путей у женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex therapy of recurrent urinary infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6629-051X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермакова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermakova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Ивановна Ермакова, к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>117997</p><p>ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Ermakova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research</p><p>117997</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ermakova.health@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В. И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>16</issue><fpage>143</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермакова Е.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермакова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ermakova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7102">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7102</self-uri><abstract><p>   Рецидивирующие инфекции мочевыводящих путей (РИМП) встречаются в 10–15 % случаев у женщин репродуктивного возраста и в 20 % случаев у женщин в менопаузе и оказывают крайне негативное влияние на качество жизни. Инфекции мочевых путей (ИМП) составляют около 40 % всех внутрибольничных инфекций и 50 % бактериальных инфекций, которые приводят к длительной госпитализации. В России ежегодно регистрируют 26–36 млн случаев острого цистита. Из-за высокой распространенности ИМП представляют собой экономическую проблему. Клинически ИМП чаще проявляются в виде острого уретрита или цистита. Антибиотикотерапия является основополагающим методом лечения РИМП, но имеет ряд негативных последствий. Устойчивость к противомикробным препаратам представляет собой колоссальную проблему и серьезную угрозу для глобального здравоохранения, что побуждает к поиску альтернативных стратегий. Природные антимикробные пептиды привлекают внимание исследователей и клиницистов своим широким терапевтическим потенциалом в отношении бактерий, вирусов и устойчивых внутриклеточных бактериальных сообществ (биопленок). В данном обзоре подробно описаны этиология, классификация, методы диагностики и терапии РИМП. Представлены мировые данные, раскрывающие механизмы действия антимикробных пептидов. Обсуждаются коммерчески доступные противомикробные препараты на основе пептидов и их эффективность на основании проведенных клинических исследований. Показано, что разработка новых стратегий борьбы с бактериальными инфекциями, в частности, применение препаратов на основе антимикробных пептидов и их производных, имеет огромное практическое значение с точки зрения борьбы с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителей и повышения эффективности лечения рецидивирующих инфекционных процессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) occur in 10-15 % of women of reproductive age and in 20 % of menopausal women and have an extremely negative impact on quality of life. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for about 40 % of all hospital-acquired infections and 50% of bacterial infections resulting in long-term hospitalisation. In Russia, 26-36 million cases of acute cystitis are reported each year. Because of its high prevalence, UTI is an economic problem. Clinically, UTI is more often manifested as acute urethritis or cystitis. Antibiotic therapy is a fundamental treatment for RUTI, but has a number of negative consequences. Antimicrobial resistance is an enormous challenge and a serious threat to global health, prompting the search for alternative strategies. Natural antimicrobial peptides have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians for their broad therapeutic potential against bacteria, viruses and resistant intracellular bacterial communities (biofilms). This review details the etiology, classification, diagnosis and therapy of RUTI. Global data revealing the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial peptides is presented. Commercially available peptide-based antimicrobials and their efficacy based on clinical trials are discussed. The development of new strategies to combat bacterial infections, in particular the use of drugs based on antimicrobial peptides and their derivatives, has been shown to be of great practical importance in terms of combating multidrug-resistant pathogens and increasing the effectiveness of treatment of recurrent infections.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уретрит</kwd><kwd>цистит</kwd><kwd>посткоитальный цистит</kwd><kwd>уровагинальная атрофия</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>биопленки</kwd><kwd>антимикробные природные пептиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urethrit</kwd><kwd>cystit</kwd><kwd>postcoital cystitis</kwd><kwd>vaginal atrophy</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>biofilms</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial natural peptides</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foxman B. 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