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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-20-150-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7213</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности строения наружного уха и их влияние на течение и способы коррекции воспалительного и рубцово-спаечного процессов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the structure of the external ear and their influence on the course and methods of correction of inflammatory and scar adhesive processes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-9199</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Алексеевич Еремин, к. м. н., научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел разработки и внедрения высокотехнологичных методов лечения</p><p>190013</p><p>ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Eremin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Associate</p><p>Department of Development and Implementation of High- Technology Treatment Methods</p><p>190013</p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St.</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eremin-lor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-7596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворянчиков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvorуanchikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Владимирович Дворянчиков, д. м. н., профессор, заслуженный врач России, директор</p><p>190013</p><p>ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Dvorуanchikov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director</p><p>190013</p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St.</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">3162256@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-2656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аникин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Анатольевич Аникин,  д. м. н., профессор, руководитель отдела</p><p>отдел разработки и внедрения высокотехнологичных методов лечения</p><p>190013</p><p>ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Anikin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Development Department and Introduction High-Technology Treatment</p><p>190013</p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St.</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr-anikin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-3830</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Сергеевна Павлова, заместитель заведующего отделом, врач-оториноларинголог</p><p>отдел по организации научной работы</p><p>190013</p><p>ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana S. Pavlova, Deputy Head of the Department, Otorhinolaryngologist</p><p>Department for Organization of Scientific Work</p><p>190013</p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St.</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s-ultraviolet@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт уха, горла, носа и речи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>20</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еремин С.А., Дворянчиков В.В., Аникин И.А., Павлова С.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еремин С.А., Дворянчиков В.В., Аникин И.А., Павлова С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremin S.A., Dvorуanchikov V.V., Anikin I.A., Pavlova S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7213">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7213</self-uri><abstract><p>   Особенности строения наружного уха формируют ряд факторов, влияющих на течение воспалительных и рубцовых процессов. Сильное различие строения отделов наружного уха требует индивидуального подхода с учетом их структуры. Для поддержания нормального функционирования наружное ухо имеет специализированные защитные механизмы, такие как наличие церуминозных желез, слабую кислую среду, обладающую бактерицидными свойствами, специальный механизм миграции эпидермиса, направленный на самоочищение просвета слухового прохода. Но кроме защитных факторов, строение наружного уха имеет особенности, способствующие развитию длительного воспалительного процесса. Приведены данные исследований, описывающих особенности сужения просвета наружного слухового прохода за счет как возрастного изменения ушной раковины, так и изгиба стенок его костного отдела. Форма наружного слухового прохода оказывает влияние не только на визуализацию структур уха, но и на течение воспалительного процесса. В случае же развития рубцово- спаечных изменений наружного слухового прохода это приводит к значимому снижению слуха. Описаны основные принципы разработанных авторами методик устранения рубцовых изменений наружного слухового прохода в зависимости от локализации в его отделах. Помимо непосредственного устранения рубцовых изменений, обязательным является ликвидация мест максимального сужения наружного слухового прохода с расширением его просвета, формирование кожной выстилки, учитывающей сложность эпителизации и необходимость восстановления защитных механизмов. Важную роль в сохранении результативности лечения играет правильный выбор тампонады и стентирования на длительный срок. Для коррекции воспалительного процесса и предупреждения избыточного образования соединительной ткани применяются инъекции глюкокортикостероидов сверхдлительного действия, проводимые непосредственно в место формирования рубца. Такой комплексный подход к коррекции рубцовых изменений наружного слухового прохода с учетом особенностей его строения позволяет добиться высоких результатов лечения (до 80 %), не допускать рецидива рубцово-спаечного процесса и длительного воспаления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Structural features of the extarnal ear form a number of factors that affect the course of inflammatory and scar processes. A strong difference in the structure of the external ear requires an individual approach, taking into account their structure. To maintain normal functioning, the external ear has specialized defense mechanisms, such as the presence of ceruminous glands, a weak acidic environment with bactericidal properties, a special epidermal migration mechanism aimed at self-cleaning the lumen of the auditory canal. But in addition to protective factors, the structure of the external ear has features that contribute to the development of a long-term inflammatory process. The data of studies describing the features of the narrowing of the of the cavity external auditory canal, both due to age-related changes in the auricle and due to the bending of the walls of its bone section. The shape of the external auditory canal affects not only the visualization of ear structures, but also the course of the inflammatory process. In the case of the development of scar and adhesive changes in the external auditory canal, this leads to a significant hearing loss. The main principles of the methods developed by the authors for the elimination of scar changes in the external auditory canal, depending on the localization in its departments, are described. In addition to the direct elimination of cicatricial changes, it is mandatory to eliminate the places of maximum narrowing of the external auditory canal with the expansion of its cavity, the formation of a skin lining, taking into account the complexity of epithelialization and the need to restore protective mechanisms. An important role in maintaining the effectiveness of treatment is played by the correct choice of tamponade and stenting for a long time. To correct the inflammatory process and prevent excessive formation of connective tissue, injections of ultra-long-acting glucocorticosteroids are used, carried out directly at the site of scar formation. Such an integrated approach to the correction of scars in the external auditory canal, taking into account the peculiarities of its structure, allows achieving high treatment results (up to 80 %), preventing the recurrence of the adhesive process and prolonged inflammation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наружный отит</kwd><kwd>атрезия</kwd><kwd>наружный слуховой проход</kwd><kwd>глюкокортикостероиды</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>otitis externa</kwd><kwd>atresia</kwd><kwd>external auditory canal</kwd><kwd>glucocorticosteroids</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim J. T. Evolution and revolution of perforator flaps. Howon-dong: Medicmedicine; 2017. 713 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J. T. 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