<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-23-299-303</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7321</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИССЕРТАНТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISSERTANT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Макрохейлит как проявление синдрома Мелькерссона – Розенталя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Macroheilitis as a manifestation of Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-6573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жукова Ольга Валентиновна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный врач, МНПЦДК; заведующая кафедрой дерматовенерологии и аллергологии с курсом иммунологии Медицинского института, РУДН.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20; 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Zhukova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Medical Officer, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Head of the Department of Dermatovenereology and Allergology with the course of Immunology, Medicine Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473; 6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klinderma@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7467-7725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атабиева</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atabieva</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Атабиева Аминат Якубовна - младший научный сотрудник, врач-дерматовенеролог.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aminat Ya. Atabieva - Junior Researcher, Dermatovenerologis, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology.</p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amina-9308@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7795-0050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терещенко Анастасия Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, врач-дерматовенеролог.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Tereshchenko - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Dermatovenerologis, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology.</p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stasy0207@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-4593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доля</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доля Ольга Валентиновна - доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научной работе, МНПЦДК; профессор кафедры дерматовенерологии и аллергологии с курсом иммунологии Медицинского института, РУДН.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20; 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Dolya - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Professor of the of the Department of Dermatovenereology and Allergology with the сourse of Immunology, Medicine Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473; 6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolya.o@mosderm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-6287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уткин Дмитрий Викторович - кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Utkin - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Оncologist, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology.</p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">utkin33@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии; Российский университет дружбы народов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>23</issue><fpage>299</fpage><lpage>303</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жукова О.В., Атабиева А.Я., Терещенко А.В., Доля О.В., Уткин Д.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жукова О.В., Атабиева А.Я., Терещенко А.В., Доля О.В., Уткин Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhukova O.V., Atabieva A.Y., Tereshchenko A.V., Dolya O.V., Utkin D.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7321">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7321</self-uri><abstract><p>Синдром Мелькерссона – Розенталя (СМР) – заболевание, проявляющееся триадой симптомов: отеком губ и/или лица, параличом лицевого нерва, скротальным языком. В клинической практике чаще встречается моносимптомный вариант СМР. Заболевание может развиться в любом возрасте, но большинство случаев приходится на 25–40 лет с преобладанием в 2 раза женщин среди больных. У детей СМР чаще наблюдается в возрасте от 7 до 12 лет, а самый маленький ребенок описан в возрасте 22 мес. Причины возникновения синдрома Мелькерссона – Розенталя окончательно не выяснены. Существует множество гипотез о патогенезе СМР, основными из которых являются аллергическая, ангионевротическая, инфекционная и генетическая, иммунологическая дисфункции. Существуют различные, исторически сложившиеся термины: «гранулематозный хейлит Мишера», «орофациальный гранулематоз», «СМР», которые регулярно используются как синонимы в доступной литературе. На сегодняшний день СМР остается диагнозом исключения, что сопровождается установлением спорных диагнозов в практическом здравоохранении. В большинстве случаев лечение СМР неэффективно. В основном используются системные глюкокортикостероиды, антибиотики, антигистаминные, иммуносупрессивные препараты, при прекращении приема которых заболевание часто рецидивирует. В настоящей публикации мы представляем два клинических случая СМР. Интерес первого заключается в наличии всей группы клинических симптомов и достижении положительного результата лечения. Второй случай характеризуется достижением длительной ремиссии в результате проведения комбинированной терапии бетаметазоном, азитромицином и кетотифеном. Также представлен обзор вариантов успешного лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome (SMR) is a disease manifested by a triad of symptoms: swelling of the lips and/or face, paralysis of the facial nerve, scrotal tongue. In clinical practice, the monosymptomatic variant of SMR is more common. The disease can develop at any age, but most cases occur at 25–40 years with a 2-fold predominance of women among patients. In children, SMR is more often observed at the age of 7 to 12 years, and the smallest child is described at the age of 22 months. The causes of the Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome have not been definitively clarified. There are many hypotheses about the pathogenesis of SMR, the main of which are allergic, angioedema, infectious and genetic, immunological dysfunction. There are various historically established terms: Mischer’s granulomatous cheilitis, orofacial granulomatosis, SMR, which are regularly used as synonyms in the available literature. To date, SMR remains a diagnosis of exclusion, which is accompanied by the establishment of controversial diagnoses in practical healthcare. In most cases, the treatment of SMR is ineffective. Mainly systemic glucocorticosteroids, antibiotics, antihistamines, immunosuppressive drugs are used, upon discontinuation of which the disease often recurs. In this publication, we present two clinical cases of SMR. The interest of the first case lies in the presence of the entire group of clinical symptoms and the achievement of a positive treatment result. The second case is characterized by the achievement of long-term remission as a result of combination therapy with betamethasone, azithromycin and ketotifen. An overview of successful treatment options is also presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Мелькерссона – Розенталя</kwd><kwd>макрохейлит</kwd><kwd>хейлит</kwd><kwd>гранулематозный хейлит</kwd><kwd>СМР</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome</kwd><kwd>orofacial granulomatosis</kwd><kwd>cheilitis granulomatosa</kwd><kwd>MRS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Melkersson E. Ett fall av recideverande facial spares. Samband Med Angioneurotisk Odem Hygeia (Stockholm). 1928;90:737–741.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melkersson E. Ett fall av recideverande facial spares. Samband Med Angioneurotisk Odem Hygeia (Stockholm). 1928;90:737–741.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenthal C. Gemeinsames Auftreten von (rezidivierender familiärer) Facialislähmung, angioneurotischem Gesichtsödem und Lingua plicata in Arthritismus-Familien. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie. 1931;131:475.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenthal C. Gemeinsames Auftreten von (rezidivierender familiärer) Facialislähmung, angioneurotischem Gesichtsödem und Lingua plicata in Arthritismus-Familien. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie. 1931;131:475.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Değerli Ş., Başman A., Gümüşok M., Kaya M., Alkurt M.T. Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome: a case report. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2017;51(1):42–45. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.96279.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Değerli Ş., Başman A., Gümüşok M., Kaya M., Alkurt M.T. Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome: a case report. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2017;51(1):42–45. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.96279.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dhawan S.R., Saini A.G., Singhi P.D. Management Strategies of Melkersson – Rosenthal Syndrome: A Review. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:61–65. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S186315.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dhawan S.R., Saini A.G., Singhi P.D. Management Strategies of Melkersson – Rosenthal Syndrome: A Review. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:61–65. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S186315.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruett C.T., Trump B.R., Adams D.R., Halpern L.R. Orofacial granulomatosis: A case treated with azithromycin pulse therapy, review of the literature and an algorithm for diagnosis. IDCases. 2020;e00924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00924.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruett C.T., Trump B.R., Adams D.R., Halpern L.R. Orofacial granulomatosis: A case treated with azithromycin pulse therapy, review of the literature and an algorithm for diagnosis. IDCases. 2020;e00924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00924.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wehl G., Rauchenzauner M. A Systematic Review of the Literature of the Three Related Disease Entities Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Orofacial Granulomatosis and Melkersson – Rosenthal Syndrome. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2018;14(3):196–203. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573396314666180515113941.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wehl G., Rauchenzauner M. A Systematic Review of the Literature of the Three Related Disease Entities Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Orofacial Granulomatosis and Melkersson – Rosenthal Syndrome. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2018;14(3):196–203. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573396314666180515113941.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang J.-J., Shen X., Xiao J.-J., Wang X.-P. Retrospective analysis of 69 patients with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in mainland China. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2016;9(2):3901–3908.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang J.-J., Shen X., Xiao J.-J., Wang X.-P. Retrospective analysis of 69 patients with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in mainland China. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2016;9(2):3901–3908.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pachor M.L., Urbani G., Cortina P., Lunardi C., Nicolis F., Peroli P. et al. Is the Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome related to the exposure to food additives? A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67(4):393–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(89)90380-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pachor M.L., Urbani G., Cortina P., Lunardi C., Nicolis F., Peroli P. et al. Is the Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome related to the exposure to food additives? A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67(4):393–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(89)90380-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savasta S., Rossi A., Foiadelli T., Licari A., Elena Perini A.M., Farello G. et al. Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome in childhood: report of three paediatric cases and a review of the literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(7):1289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savasta S., Rossi A., Foiadelli T., Licari A., Elena Perini A.M., Farello G. et al. Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome in childhood: report of three paediatric cases and a review of the literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(7):1289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedele S., Fung P., Bamashmous N., Petrie A., Porter S. Long-term effectiveness of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide therapy in orofacial granulomatosis: an observational cohort study. Br J Dermatol. 2014;170(4):794–801. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12655.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedele S., Fung P., Bamashmous N., Petrie A., Porter S. Long-term effectiveness of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide therapy in orofacial granulomatosis: an observational cohort study. Br J Dermatol. 2014;170(4):794–801. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12655.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonkovic-Capin V., Galbraith S.S., Rogers R.S. 3rd, Binion D.G., Yancey K.B. Cutaneous Crohn’s disease mimicking Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome: treatment with methotrexate. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(4):449–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01458.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonkovic-Capin V., Galbraith S.S., Rogers R.S. 3rd, Binion D.G., Yancey K.B. Cutaneous Crohn’s disease mimicking Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome: treatment with methotrexate. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(4):449–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01458.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medeiros M.Jr., Araujo M.I., Guimaraes N.S., Freitas L.A., Silva T.M., Carvalho E.M. Therapeutic response to thalidomide in Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome: a case report. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;88(4):421–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62375-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medeiros M.Jr., Araujo M.I., Guimaraes N.S., Freitas L.A., Silva T.M., Carvalho E.M. Therapeutic response to thalidomide in Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome: a case report. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;88(4):421–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62375-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emiroglu N., Su O., Cengiz F.P., Onsun N. Successful treatment of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with dapsone: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J. 2016;22(10):13030/qt4zz1g8t1. https://doi.org/10.5070/D32210032911.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emiroglu N., Su O., Cengiz F.P., Onsun N. Successful treatment of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with dapsone: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J. 2016;22(10):13030/qt4zz1g8t1. https://doi.org/10.5070/D32210032911.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wickramasinghe N., Gunasekara C.N., Fernando W.S., Hewavisenthi J., de Silva H.J. Vulvitis granulomatosa, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, and Crohn’s disease: dramatic response to infliximab therapy. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(8):966–968. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05177.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wickramasinghe N., Gunasekara C.N., Fernando W.S., Hewavisenthi J., de Silva H.J. Vulvitis granulomatosa, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, and Crohn’s disease: dramatic response to infliximab therapy. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(8):966–968. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05177.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orlando M.R., Atkins J.S. Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990;116(6):728–729. https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1990.01870060086017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlando M.R., Atkins J.S. Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990;116(6):728–729. https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1990.01870060086017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saini A.G., Sankhyan N., Padmanabh H., Das A., Singhi P. Recurrent facial palsy and electrophysiological findings in oligosymptomatic Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome. Indian J Pediatr. 2016;83(10):1188–1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2137-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saini A.G., Sankhyan N., Padmanabh H., Das A., Singhi P. Recurrent facial palsy and electrophysiological findings in oligosymptomatic Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome. Indian J Pediatr. 2016;83(10):1188–1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2137-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stein J., Paulke A., Schacher B., Noehte M. An extraordinary form of the melkersson-rosenthal syndrome successfully treated with the tumour necrosis factor-alpha blocker adalimumab. BMJ Сase Rep. 2014;2014:bcr2014204674. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2014-204674.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stein J., Paulke A., Schacher B., Noehte M. An extraordinary form of the melkersson-rosenthal syndrome successfully treated with the tumour necrosis factor-alpha blocker adalimumab. BMJ Сase Rep. 2014;2014:bcr2014204674. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2014-204674.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaudio A., Corrado A., Santoro N., Maruotti N., Cantatore F.P. Melkersson-rosenthal syndrome in a patient with psoriatic arthritis receiving etanercept. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2013;26(1):229–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/039463201302600123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaudio A., Corrado A., Santoro N., Maruotti N., Cantatore F.P. Melkersson-rosenthal syndrome in a patient with psoriatic arthritis receiving etanercept. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2013;26(1):229–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/039463201302600123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
