<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-027</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7383</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОСМЕТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COSMETOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возрастные изменения кожи: причины и последствия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Aging changes in skin: causes and effects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-8474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирузян</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piruzyan</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пирузян Анастас Львович, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник </p><p>109029, Россия, Москва, ул. Средняя Калитниковская, д. 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastas L. Piruzyan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>30, Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., Moscow, 109029, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pirstas2000@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-7455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мильдзихова</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mildzikhova</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мильдзихова Дзерасса Руслановна, младший научный сотрудник, косметолог, дерматолог </p><p> 109029, Россия, Москва, ул. Средняя Калитниковская, д. 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzerassa R. Mildzikhova, Junior Researcher, Cosmetologist, Dermatologist </p><p>30, Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., Moscow, 109029, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzerasska@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-5987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сакания</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakaniya</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сакания Луиза Руслановна, младший научный  сотрудник, врач-дерматовенеролог; врач-дерматовенеролог, косметолог, трихолог </p><p> 109029, Россия, Москва, ул. Средняя Калитниковская, д. 30 </p><p>127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Селезневская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Luiza R. Sakaniya, Junior Researcher, Dermatovenerologist;  Dermatovenerologist, Cosmetologist, Trichologist</p><p>30, Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., Moscow, 109029, Russia </p><p>20, Seleznevskaya St., Moscow, 127473, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sakania.luiz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-0318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корсунская</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korsunskaya</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корсунская Ирина Марковна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая лабораторией </p><p> 109029, Россия, Москва, ул. Средняя Калитниковская, д. 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina M. Korsunskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Laboratory </p><p>30, Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., Moscow, 109029, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marykor@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр теоретических проблем физико-химической фармакологии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр теоретических проблем физико-химической фармакологии РАН;&#13;
Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology RAS;&#13;
Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирузян А.Л., Мильдзихова Д.Р., Сакания Л.Р., Корсунская И.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирузян А.Л., Мильдзихова Д.Р., Сакания Л.Р., Корсунская И.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Piruzyan A.L., Mildzikhova D.R., Sakaniya L.R., Korsunskaya I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7383">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7383</self-uri><abstract><p>Старение, и. в частности, возрастные изменения кожи, все больше беспокоят человечество, особенно учитывая увеличение продолжительности жизни. Старение кожи – это не просто проблема дряблости покровов, скорее, это комплексная проблема, обусловленная множеством факторов, – от дефицита иммунитета до образа жизни, влияющего как на сохранение барьерной функции кожи, так и благополучие стволовых клеток, поддерживающих орган. С течением времени меняется структура и количество липидов в роговом слое, эпидермис становится тоньше, что приводит к снижению барьерной функции кожи. Также эти изменения становятся причиной увеличения потери трансэпидермальной жидкости. В дерме процессы, связанные со старением, ведут к потери эластичности кожных покровов и также снижению гидратации. Повышение уровня цитокинов и гистамина в коже может спровоцировать зуд и расчесывание, что приведет к дальнейшему усилению кожного воспаления. Все это может проявляться выраженным ксерозом, шелушением и другими неприятными симптомами. Победить старение невозможно, однако минимизировать его проявления – достижимая цель. Наш опыт позволяет рекомендовать средства ухода с выраженными питательными и увлажняющими свойствами на основе пантенола, пребиотиков и пробиотиков, натрия гиалуроната и натурального комплекса гликоцерамидов, холестерина и фосфолипидов. Пантенол обладает регенерирующим и смягчающим действием, питает и снимает раздражение, способствует увеличению прочности и коллагеновых волокон. Натрия гиалуронат отвечает за глубокое увлажнение кожи, улучшение ее тонуса и упругости. Комплекс церамидов восполняет нехватку липидов и способствует удержанию влаги в роговом слое. Регулярный уход помогает минимизировать ксероз, зуд, чувство стянутости кожи и сохранить качество жизни у возрастных пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aging, and in particular aging changes in skin, are increasingly giving cause for concern to the mankind, especially given the fact that the life expectancy is extending. Skin aging is not only a problem that concerns skin sagginess, but rather it is a complex problem caused by many factors, from immune deficiency to the lifestyle, which affects both the maintenance of the skin’s barrier function and the well-being of the stem cells that support the organ. The structure and amount of lipids in the stratum corneum changes over time, the epidermis becomes thinner, which leads to decreased barrier function of the skin. These changes also cause increased loss of transepidermal fluid. The aging-associated processes in the dermis lead to a loss of skin elasticity and a decrease in hydration. The increased levels of cytokines and histamine in the skin can cause itching and scratching, which will lead to a further increase in skin inflammation. All this can be manifested by severe xerosis, peeling and other unpleasant symptoms. It is impossible to defeat aging, but to minimize its manifestations is an achievable goal. Our experience allows us to recommend care products with pronounced nutritional and moisturizing properties, which contain panthenol, prebiotics and probiotics, sodium hyaluronate and a natural complex of glycoceramides, cholesterol and phospholipids. Panthenol has a regenerating and softening effect, nourishes and relieves irritation, contributes to the increasing strength of collagen fibres. Sodium hyaluronate is responsible for deep hydration of the skin, improving its tone and elasticity. The ceramide complex compensates for the lack of lipids and helps to retain moisture in the stratum corneum. Regular care helps to minimize xerosis, itching, skin tightness and maintain quality of life in aging patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>старение кожи</kwd><kwd>ксероз</kwd><kwd>зуд</kwd><kwd>средства ухода</kwd><kwd>пантенол</kwd><kwd>натрия гиалуронат</kwd><kwd>церамиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin aging</kwd><kwd>xerosis</kwd><kwd>itching</kwd><kwd>care products</kwd><kwd>panthenol</kwd><kwd>sodium hyaluronate</kwd><kwd>ceramides</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harvell J.D., Maibach H.I. Percutaneous absorption and inflammation in aged skin: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;31(6):1015–1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(94)70273-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harvell J.D., Maibach H.I. Percutaneous absorption and inflammation in aged skin: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;31(6):1015–1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(94)70273-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biniek K., Kaczvinsky J., Matts P., Dauskardt R.H. Understanding age-induced alterations to the biomechanical barrier function of human stratum corneum. J Dermatol Sci. 2015;80(2):94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.07.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biniek K., Kaczvinsky J., Matts P., Dauskardt R.H. Understanding age-induced alterations to the biomechanical barrier function of human stratum corneum. J Dermatol Sci. 2015;80(2):94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.07.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haydont V., Bernard B.A., Fortunel N.O. Age-related evolutions of the dermis: clinical signs, fibroblast and extracellular matrix dynamics. Mech Ageing Dev. 2019;177:150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2018.03.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haydont V., Bernard B.A., Fortunel N.O. Age-related evolutions of the dermis: clinical signs, fibroblast and extracellular matrix dynamics. Mech Ageing Dev. 2019;177:150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2018.03.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin J.W., Kwon S.H., Choi J.Y., Na J.I., Huh C.H., Choi H.R., Park K.C. Molecular mechanisms of dermal aging and antiaging approaches. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(9):2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092126.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin J.W., Kwon S.H., Choi J.Y., Na J.I., Huh C.H., Choi H.R., Park K.C. Molecular mechanisms of dermal aging and antiaging approaches. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(9):2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092126.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lago J.C., Puzzi M.B. The effect of aging in primary human dermal fibroblasts. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(7):e0219165. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lago J.C., Puzzi M.B. The effect of aging in primary human dermal fibroblasts. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(7):e0219165. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gruber F., Kremslehner C., Eckhart L., Tschachler E. Cell aging and cellular senescence in skin aging – Recent advances in fibroblast and keratinocyte biology. Exp Gerontol. 2020;130:110780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2019.110780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gruber F., Kremslehner C., Eckhart L., Tschachler E. Cell aging and cellular senescence in skin aging – Recent advances in fibroblast and keratinocyte biology. Exp Gerontol. 2020;130:110780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2019.110780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Norman R.A. Xerosis and pruritus in the elderly: recognition and management. Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(3):254–259. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01635.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Norman R.A. Xerosis and pruritus in the elderly: recognition and management. Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(3):254–259. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01635.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valdes-Rodriguez R., Stull C., Yosipovitch G. Chronic pruritus in the elderly: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Drugs Aging. 2015;32(3):201–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-015-0246-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valdes-Rodriguez R., Stull C., Yosipovitch G. Chronic pruritus in the elderly: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Drugs Aging. 2015;32(3):201–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-015-0246-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashida Y., Denda M. Dry environment increases mast cell number and histamine content in dermis in hairless mice. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(2):240–247. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05408.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashida Y., Denda M. Dry environment increases mast cell number and histamine content in dermis in hairless mice. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(2):240–247. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05408.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denda M., Sato J., Tsuchiya T., Elias P.M., Feingold K.R. Low humidity stimulates epidermal DNA synthesis and amplifies the hyperproliferative response to barrier disruption: implication for seasonal exacerbations of inflammatory dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol. 1998;111(5):873–878. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00364.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denda M., Sato J., Tsuchiya T., Elias P.M., Feingold K.R. Low humidity stimulates epidermal DNA synthesis and amplifies the hyperproliferative response to barrier disruption: implication for seasonal exacerbations of inflammatory dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol. 1998;111(5):873–878. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00364.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghadially R., Brown B.E., Sequeira-Martin S.M., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest. 1995;95(5):2281–2290. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117919.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghadially R., Brown B.E., Sequeira-Martin S.M., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest. 1995;95(5):2281–2290. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117919.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghadially R., Brown B.E., Hanley K., Reed J.T., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Decreased epidermal lipid synthesis accounts for altered barrier function in aged mice. J Invest Dermatol. 1996;106(5):1064–1069. https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12338692.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghadially R., Brown B.E., Hanley K., Reed J.T., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Decreased epidermal lipid synthesis accounts for altered barrier function in aged mice. J Invest Dermatol. 1996;106(5):1064–1069. https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12338692.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye L., Mauro T.M., Dang E., Wang G., Hu L.Z., Yu C. et al. Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(11):2197–2201. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15540.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye L., Mauro T.M., Dang E., Wang G., Hu L.Z., Yu C. et al. Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(11):2197–2201. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15540.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu L., Mauro T.M., Dang E., Man G., Zhang J., Lee D. et al. Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines. J Invest Dermatol. 2017;137(6):1277–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu L., Mauro T.M., Dang E., Man G., Zhang J., Lee D. et al. Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines. J Invest Dermatol. 2017;137(6):1277–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bollu P.C., Sahota P. Sleep and Parkinson Disease. Mo Med. 2017;114(5):381–386. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30228640.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bollu P.C., Sahota P. Sleep and Parkinson Disease. Mo Med. 2017;114(5):381–386. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30228640.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hepburn M., Bollu P.C., French B., Sahota P. Sleep Medicine: stroke and Sleep. Mo Med. 2018;115(6):527–532. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30643347.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hepburn M., Bollu P.C., French B., Sahota P. Sleep Medicine: stroke and Sleep. Mo Med. 2018;115(6):527–532. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30643347.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denda M., Koyama J., Hori J., Horii I., Takahashi M., Hara M., Tagami H. Ageand sex-dependent change in stratum corneum sphingolipids. Arch Dermatol Res. 1993;285(7):415–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00372135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denda M., Koyama J., Hori J., Horii I., Takahashi M., Hara M., Tagami H. Ageand sex-dependent change in stratum corneum sphingolipids. Arch Dermatol Res. 1993;285(7):415–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00372135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Man M.Q., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Exogenous lipids influence permeability barrier recovery in acetone-treated murine skin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):728–738. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8507075</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Man M.Q., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Exogenous lipids influence permeability barrier recovery in acetone-treated murine skin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):728–738. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8507075</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao-Qiang M., Brown B.E., Wu-Pong S., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Exogenous nonphysiologic vs physiologic lipids. Divergent mechanisms for correction of permeability barrier dysfunction. Arch Dermatol. 1995;131(7):809–816. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.131.7.809.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao-Qiang M., Brown B.E., Wu-Pong S., Feingold K.R., Elias P.M. Exogenous nonphysiologic vs physiologic lipids. Divergent mechanisms for correction of permeability barrier dysfunction. Arch Dermatol. 1995;131(7):809–816. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.131.7.809.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grygiel-Górniak B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their ligands: nutritional and clinical implications – a review. Nutr J. 2014;13:17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-13-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grygiel-Górniak B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their ligands: nutritional and clinical implications – a review. Nutr J. 2014;13:17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-13-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasso O., Summa M., Armirotti A., Pontis S., De Mei C., Piomelli D. The N-Acylethanolamine Acid Amidase Inhibitor ARN077 Suppresses Inflammation and Pruritus in a Mouse Model of Allergic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(3):562–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.853.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sasso O., Summa M., Armirotti A., Pontis S., De Mei C., Piomelli D. The N-Acylethanolamine Acid Amidase Inhibitor ARN077 Suppresses Inflammation and Pruritus in a Mouse Model of Allergic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(3):562–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.853.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сакания Л.Р., Оленич И.В., Корсунская И. . Чувствительная кожа: что за этим стоит и как помочь пациентам? Медицинский алфавит. 2022;(8):75–78. https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-8-75-78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakaniya L.R., Olenich I.V., Korsunskaya I.M. Sensitive skin: What is behind it and how to help patients? Medical Alphabet. 2022;(8):75–78. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-8-75-78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
