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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-083</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7417</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕРВНО-ПСИХИЧЕСКИЕ РАССТРОЙСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство – от травматического невроза к МКБ-11: особенности диагностики и подбора терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-traumatic stress disorder – from traumatic neurosis to ICD-11: features of diagnosis and selection of therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5116-836X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasileva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Анна Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, руководитель международного отдела, главный научный сотрудник отделения лечения пограничных психических расстройств и психотерапии, НМИЦ психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. Бехтерева; профессор кафедры психотерапии, медицинской психоло гии и сексологии, Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова.</p><p>192019, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3; 191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Vasileva - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the International Department, Chief Researcher of the Department for the Treatment of Borderline Mental Disorders and Psychotherapy, NMRC Psychiatry and Neurology named after V.M. Bekhterev; Professor of the Department of Psychotherapy, North-Western SMU named after I.I. Mechnikov.</p><p>3, Bekhterev St., St Petersburg, 192019; 41, Kirochnaya St., St Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annavdoc@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. Бехтерева; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology named after V.M. Bekhterev; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasileva A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7417">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7417</self-uri><abstract><p>Посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство (ПТСР) было выделено в самостоятельную нозологию около 50 лет назад и с тех пор находится в фокусе внимания специалистов в области психического здоровья. Основными клиническими проявлениями выступают повторные переживания элементов травматического события в ситуации «здесь и сейчас» в форме различных симптомов репереживания, которые обязательно должны присутствовать в клинической картине для постановки диагноза. С начала 1980-х гг. активно проводятся широкомасштабные проспективные когортные исследования особенностей клинических проявлений и течения ПТСР с использованием стандартизированных психометрических инструментов. В новой классификации МКБ-11 расстройства, связанные со стрессом, получили самостоятельную рубрику, были выделены стержневые симптомы ПТСР, для кодирования вызванных психотравмирующим воздействием стойких личностных нарушений появляется новый диагноз – комплексное ПТСР, список пусковых факторов ПТСР был дополнен диагнозом жизнеугрожающего заболевания и пребыванием в отделении интенсивной терапии. Диагностика ПТСР не всегда является простой задачей. Необходимо обязательно выявить связь развития заболевания с переживанием психотравмирующей ситуации чрезвычайной силы, следует учитывать возможность латентного периода в течение нескольких недель до манифестации симптомов, для подтверждения диагноза и оценки особенностей клинической картины и динамики состояния целесообразно использовать соответствующие инструменты. В лечении ПТСР целесообразно использовать комбинированную терапию, соотношение психотерапии и психофармакотерапии должно определяться с учетом особенностей клинического случая. В 2022 г. были опубликованы международные клинические рекомендации Всемирной федерации обществ биологической терапии психических расстройств, где в отличие от предыдущих рекомендаций когнитивно-поведенческая терапия была определена как высокодоказательный метод психотерапии ПТСР. В марте 2023 г. Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации утвердило отечественные клинические рекомендации по ПТСР, в них выделен список препаратов с учетом особенностей российского опыта, в частности, широко представлены небензодиазепиновые анксиолитики. В статье на примере этифоксина описываются возможности их применения с описанием клинического случая.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>PTSD was determined as a stand-alone disorder about 50 years ago, and since then it is considered to be in the focus    of attention of the mental health specialists. It’s main clinical features are the set of symptoms of re-experience of the traumatic event in here and now situation. They are defined to be the core symptoms for PTSD diagnostic. Clinical features and disorder course are the subject of wide prospective cohort studies with the use of the standardized psychometric instruments since the 80-s of the last century. In the new ICD-11 mental disorders classification, stress-associated disorders are defined as stand-alone rubric, the core PTSD symptoms are defined, the complex PTSD is proposed as a new diagnosis for the coding of persistent caused by prolonged psychotraumatic experience personality changes, the life-threatening diagnosis and intensive care unit experience were added to the list of PTSD triggers. The PTSD diagnosis is considered to be a challenging clinical task. The connection between symptoms manifestation and extreme traumatic experience should be established, one should take into consideration the existence of possible usually several weeks before symptoms manifestation latent period. It is useful to implement the recommended diagnostic instrument for the diagnosis verification and symptoms dynamic evaluation. The combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is recommended for PTSD treatment, individual approach should be used in case-management. In 2022 WFSBP Task Force on Treatment Guidelines for Anxiety, O and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders have been published, there for the first-time cognitive behavior psychotherapy was determined as highly evidence based PTSD psychotherapeutic method of treatment. In March 2023 ministry of health of the Russian Federation has approved national PTSD clinical guidelines, where recommended medication list  has been proposed taking into account the national clinical experience, in particular it includes a wide range of non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics. The article emphasizes the opportunities of their use and presents a clinical vignette where etifoxine is proposed as treatment of choice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство</kwd><kwd>боевая психическая травма</kwd><kwd>тревожные расстройства</kwd><kwd>вегетативные расстройства</kwd><kwd>флешбэк</kwd><kwd>когнитивно-поведенческая терапия</kwd><kwd>сфокусированная на травме психотерапия</kwd><kwd>десенсибилизация</kwd><kwd>переработка движений глаз</kwd><kwd>этифоксин</kwd><kwd>бензодиазепины</kwd><kwd>селективные ингибиторы обратного захвата серотонина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PTSD</kwd><kwd>combatant psychotrauma</kwd><kwd>anxiety disorders</kwd><kwd>vegetative disturbances</kwd><kwd>flashback</kwd><kwd>CBT</kwd><kwd>trauma-focused psychotherapy</kwd><kwd>EMDR</kwd><kwd>SSRI</kwd><kwd>benzodiazepines</kwd><kwd>etifoxine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева А.В. 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