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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-047</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7420</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕРВНО-ПСИХИЧЕСКИЕ РАССТРОЙСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности применения препаратов мелатонина при расстройствах сна</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of melatonin preparations in sleep disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-5529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbachev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбачев Никита Алексеевич - аспирант кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Gorbachev - Postgraduate Student, Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikit.gorbacheff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-0918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктов</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektov</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полуэктов Михаил Гурьевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail G. Poluektov - Cand. Sci (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбачев Н.А., Полуэктов М.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбачев Н.А., Полуэктов М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbachev N.A., Poluektov M.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7420">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7420</self-uri><abstract><p>Обсуждается роль в организме и биологическое значение гормона шишковидной железы мелатонина. Представлены данные о влиянии на биологические ритмы у человека и животных, а также на состояние сна в целом. У людей и животных, ведущих дневной образ жизни, мелатонин действует на супрахиазменные ядра гипоталамуса, ослабляя стимулирующий бодрствование сигнал внутренних часов, тем самым способствуя засыпанию. Приводятся результаты клинических исследований применения мелатонина при различных расстройствах сна: нарушениях суточного ритма сна и бодрствования (синдром смены часовых поясов (джетлаг), синдром отставленной фазы сна, нерегулярный цикл), парасомниях (расстройство поведения в быстром сне) и инсомнии. Клинически значимый и статистически достоверный эффект препаратов мелатонина с высоким уровнем доказательности был подтвержден при нарушениях ритма сна и бодрствования, менее выраженный – при парасомниях. Наибольшей степенью доказанности обладают эффекты мелатонина, используемого в качестве лекарственного препарата при синдроме смены часовых поясов. Препарат мелатонина рекомендуется принимать до перелета и в новом месте пребывания в соответствии с временем его вечерней секреции в данном часовом поясе. При синдроме задержки фазы сна начало секреции мелатонина задерживается, отражая общее запаздывание времени внутренних часов организма. Прием препаратов мелатонина приводит к смещению цикла сон–бодрствование на более раннее время. При расстройстве поведения в быстром сне назначение препаратов мелатонина для уменьшения избыточной двигательной активности предпочтительнее, чем бензодиазепинов, поскольку это расстройство проявляется у людей старших возрастных групп, и следует избегать нежелательного эффекта на когнитивные функции. При хронической инсомнии действие мелатонина достоверно превышает эффект плацебо и наиболее выражено у людей старших возрастных групп. Одним из путей увеличения эффективности препаратов мелатонина может стать применение комбинированных препаратов, сочетающих хронобиологический и седативный эффекты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The role in the body and the biological significance of the pineal hormone melatonin is discussed. Data are presented on the effect on biological rhythms in humans and animals, as well as on the sleep in general. In diurnal humans and animals, melatonin acts on the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus to dampen the wake-stimulating signal of the internal clock, thereby promoting sleep. Data are presented on the clinical use of melatonin in sleep disorders: Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders (jet lag syndrome, delayed sleep phase syndrome, irregular cycle), parasomnias (Rapid-Eye Movements Sleep Behavior Disorder) and insomnia. A significant effect of melatonin preparations with a high level of evidence was confirmed in Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders, less pronounced in Parasomnias. The effects of melatonin, used as a drug for jet lag, have the greatest degree of evidence. The melatonin preparation is recommended to be taken both before the flight and at the new place of stay in accordance with the time of its evening secretion in this time zone. In delayed sleep phase syndrome, the onset of melatonin secretion is delayed, reflecting a general lag in the body’s internal clock. Taking melatonin preparations leads to a shift in the sleep-wake cycle to an earlier time. In REM sleep behavior disorder, melatonin preparations to reduce excessive motor activity are preferred over benzodiazepines, since this disorder manifests itself in people of older age groups, and an undesirable effect on cognitive functions should be avoided. In chronic insomnia, the effect of melatonin significantly exceeds the placebo effect and is most pronounced in people of older age groups.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сон</kwd><kwd>бодрствование</kwd><kwd>циркадный ритм</kwd><kwd>синдром смены часовых поясов</kwd><kwd>парасомния</kwd><kwd>инсомния</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sleep</kwd><kwd>wakefulness</kwd><kwd>circadian rhythm</kwd><kwd>jet lag</kwd><kwd>parasomnia</kwd><kwd>insomnia</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tordjman S., Chokron S., Delorme R., Charrier A., Bellissant E., Jaafari N. Fougerou C. Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits. 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Режим доступа: https://umedp.ru/articles/effektivnost_i_bezopasnost_kombinirovannogo_preparata_sonnorm_duo_u_patsientov_s_insomniey_rezultaty.html?sphrase_id=110601.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
