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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-026</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7496</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патогенетические аспекты развития и лечения антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи: выбор синбиотика с позиции доказательной медицины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathogenetic aspects of the development and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: the choice of a synbiotic from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-307X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ардатская</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ardatskaya</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ардатская Мария Дмитриевна, д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры гастроэнтерологии </p><p>121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 19, стр. 1а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria D. Ardatskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Gastroenterology </p><p>19, Bldg. 1a, Marshal Timoshenko St., Moscow, 121359</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ma@uni-med.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8469-7196</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анучкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anuchkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анучкин Александр Анатольевич, к.м.н., полковник медицинской службы, доцент заместитель начальника кафедры терапии неотложных состояний </p><p>107061, Москва, ул. Малая Черкизовская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksander A. Anuchkin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Colonel of the Medical Service, Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Department of Therapy of Urgent Vaults </p><p>7, Malaya Cherkizovskaya St., Moscow, 107061</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terapevtreab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-2844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буторова Людмила Ивановна, к.м.н., преподаватель кафедры терапии неотложных состояний </p><p>107061, Москва, ул. Малая Черкизовская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila I. Butorova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Lecturer at the Department of Urgent Stone Therapy </p><p>7, Malaya Cherkizovskaya St., Moscow, 107061</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmilabutorova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1836-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Александр Игоревич, к.м.н., заместитель начальника по медицинской части; профессор кафедры терапии с курсом фармакологии и фармации </p><p>143420, Московская область, г.о. Красногорск, п. Новый, тер. 3, д. 1; 125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Pavlov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Head for Medical Units; Professor of the Department of Therapy with a Course in Pharmacology and Pharmacy </p><p>1, Ter. 3, Village Novy, City District Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, 143420;11, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125080</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor-pavlov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1938-7829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нугаева</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nugayeva</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нугаева Нелли Раилевна, к.м.н., преподаватель кафедры терапии неотложных состояний </p><p>107061, Москва, ул. Малая Черкизовская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelli R. Nugayeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Lecturer at the Department of Emergency Cranes Therapy </p><p>7, Malaya Cherkizovskaya St., Moscow, 107061</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nellinugaeva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-320X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадина</surname><given-names>Ж. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadina</surname><given-names>Zh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фадина Жанна Вячеславовна, к.м.н., врач-гастроэнтеролог </p><p>143420, Московская область, г.о. Красногорск, п. Новый, тер. 3, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna V. Fadina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Gastroenterologist </p><p>1, Ter. 3, Village Novy, City District Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, 143420</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fadina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральная государственная медицинская академия Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central State Medical Academy of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал Военно-медицинской академии (г. Москва)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch of the Military Medical Academy (Moscow)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр высоких медицинских технологий – Центральный военный клинический госпиталь имени А.А. Вишневского;&#13;
Медицинский институт непрерывного образования Московского государственного университета пищевых производств</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies – Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital;&#13;
Medical Institute of Continuing Education, Moscow State University of Food Production</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр высоких медицинских технологий – Центральный военный клинический госпиталь имени А.А. Вишневского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies – Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ардатская М.Д., Анучкин А.А., Буторова Л.И., Павлов А.И., Нугаева Н.Р., Фадина Ж.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ардатская М.Д., Анучкин А.А., Буторова Л.И., Павлов А.И., Нугаева Н.Р., Фадина Ж.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ardatskaya M.D., Anuchkin A.A., Butorova L.I., Pavlov A.I., Nugayeva N.R., Fadina Z.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7496">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7496</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В  последние годы диарейный синдром  – наиболее часто встречающееся клинически значимое негативное последствие антибактериальной терапии  (АБТ), которое является первостепенной медико-социальной проблемой. Потенциальный риск развития антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи  (ААД) имеется при назначении любого антибиотика и при любой продолжительности курса лечения. В связи с этим требуется систематизация основных патогенетических аспектов формирования ААД и обоснование применения пробиотиков для профилактики ее развития и лечения. Цель. Провести сравнительную оценку эффективности, приверженности и переносимости синбиотика Флориоза, содержащего Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04, Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, инулин, витамины группы  В, и эубиотика Бифиформ на основе Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum в предупреждении развития ААД на фоне и после применения АБТ у стационарных пациентов. Материалы и  методы. В  исследовании приняли участие 60  пациентов, которым стационарно проводилась АБТ. 1-я группа (30 чел.) принимали синбиотик, 2-я группа (30 чел.) – эубиотик. Эффективность профилактического приема препаратов оценивалась к 12-му и 28-му дню терапии. Проводился анализ оценки пациентами эффективности и удовлетворенности лечением, исследование короткоцепочечных жирных кислот  (КЖК) методом газожидкостной хроматографии кала и  экспресс-тест на токсины А и В Clostridium difficile. Результаты. В  обеих группах не  зафиксированы случаи развития ААД. Исследуемые средства сопоставимы по  оценке их эффективности врачом и пациентами. Выявлена тенденция к более высокой оценке лечебного эффекта и удовлетворенности лечением с  использованием синбиотика. Установлены изменения абсолютного и  относительного содержания КЖК в  кале пациентов от  исходного уровня. Более выраженные положительные изменения количественного и  качественного состава кислот Флориоза на  фоне лечения Бифиформ выявлены у  пациентов, принимавших синбиотик и  имевших более 3 факторов риска. Выводы. Синбиотик Флориоза и пробиотик Бифиформ – эффективные средства профилактики ААД. Синбиотик имеет преимущества в общей оценке эффективности проведенного лечения и удовлетворенности им пациентов, оказывает выраженный протективный эффект на  состояние микробиоценоза кишечника на  фоне и  после отмены АБТ  (что подтверждается динамикой КЖК в кале), может являться препаратом выбора для профилактики ААД, в том числе ассоциированной с C. difficile, у лиц, имеющих более 3 факторов риска развития ААД.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. In recent years, diarrheal syndrome is the most common clinically significant negative effect of the antibiotic therapy (ABT), which constitutes a first-priority medical and social problem. The prescription of any antibiotic for any duration of treatment may cause a potential risk of developing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). In that regard, there is a need for the systematization of the main pathogenetic aspects of the deveopment of AAD and the rationale for the use of probiotics to prevent its development and treatment. Aim. To conduct a comparative evaluation of the efficacy, adherence and tolerability of a synbiotic Floriosa containing Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04, Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32, inulin, B vitamins, and an eubiotic Bifiform containing Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum for the prevention of the development of AAD during and after the use of ABT in inpatients. Materials and methods. A total of 60 patients, which was used for the ABT in the hospital settings, were included in the study: the 1st group (30 patients) received a synbiotic, the 2nd group (30 patients) received an eubiotic. The efficacy of the preventive administration of drugs was assessed by Day 12 and 28 of the therapy. The methods included the patients’ assessment of the efficacy and satisfaction with treatment, an assay of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces via gas-liquid chromatography and a Clostridium difficile Toxin A + B rapid test. Results. No cases of AAD were detected in both groups. The study drugs were comparable in terms of their efficacy assessment by the doctor and patients. A trend towards a higher assessment of the therapeutic effect and satisfaction with synbiotic therapy was observed. Changes in the absolute and relative content of SCFAs in the patients’ feces from the baseline level were established. More pronounced positive changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of acids due to the treatment were identified in the patients who received the synbiotic and had more than 3 risk factors. Conclusions. The synbiotic Floriosa and probiotic Bifiform are effective drugs to prevent AAD. The synbiotic has advantages in terms of the overall assessment of the efficacy of the treatment and patient satisfaction, provides a pronounced protective effect on the intestinal microbiocenosis status during and after the ABT (as evidenced by the changes in SCFAs level in the feces), can be the drug of choice for the prevention of AAD, including AAD associated with C. difficile in individuals with more than 3 risk factors for the development of AAD.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32</kwd><kwd>инулин</kwd><kwd>витамины группы В</kwd><kwd>микробиоценоз</kwd><kwd>короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты в кале</kwd><kwd>Флориоза</kwd><kwd>Бифиформ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lr-32</kwd><kwd>inulin</kwd><kwd>B vitamins</kwd><kwd>microbiocenosis</kwd><kwd>short-chain fatty acids in feces</kwd><kwd>Floriosa</kwd><kwd>Bifiform</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland L.V. 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