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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПИЩЕВОДА И ЖЕЛУДКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация лечения больных гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью: акцент на нутритивные факторы риска и диетологические подходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimizing the treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: focus on nutritional risk factors and nutritional approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-6704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсепян</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsepian</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овсепян Мария Александровна, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии, научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии </p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariia A. Ovsepian, Assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, Researcher of the Laboratory of Functional Research Methods in Gastroenterology </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solnwshko_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-9397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баркалова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkalova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баркалова Елена Вячеславовна, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии, руководитель лаборатории функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии </p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Barkalova, Assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, Head of the Laboratory of Functional Research Methods in Gastroenterology </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maslovaalena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-7112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреев Дмитрий Николаевич, к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии, научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии </p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Andreev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, Researcher, Laboratory of Functional Research Methods in Gastroenterology </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dna-mit8@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-564X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маев Игорь Вениаминович, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, заслуженный врач РФ, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней и  гастроэнтерологии </p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Maev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Acad. RAS, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igormaev@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Овсепян М.А., Баркалова Е.В., Андреев Д.Н., Маев И.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Овсепян М.А., Баркалова Е.В., Андреев Д.Н., Маев И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ovsepian M.A., Barkalova E.V., Andreev D.N., Maev I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7547">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7547</self-uri><abstract><p>Гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь (ГЭРБ) является распространенным заболеванием верхних отделов желудочнокишечного тракта, характеризующимся возникновением типичных симптомов, связанных с повышенным воздействием кислоты на  пищевод. Ключевыми патофизиологическими механизмами возникновения рефлюксной болезни являются преходящие эпизоды расслабления нижнего пищеводного сфинктера и его гипотония. Длительное время предполагалось влияние определенных факторов питания и образа жизни на механизмы возникновения и течения ГЭРБ. Однако накопленные научные данные демонстрируют противоречивые результаты относительно их вклада в развитие рефлюксной болезни. Лечение ГЭРБ включает изменение образа жизни, диетотерапию, фармакотерапию и при необходимости применение хирургических методов. Основой фармакотерапии являются ингибиторы протонной помпы (ИПП). Изменение образа жизни, включая диетотерапию, также входит в план лечения пациентов с рефлюксными симптомами, однако четкие рекомендации в этом отношении не определены ввиду отсутствия хорошей доказательной базы. При этом по мере изучения проблем, связанных с  долгосрочным использованием ИПП, пациенты и  врачи все больше интересуются ролью диеты в лечении ГЭРБ. В статье приводится обзор диетических аспектов при ГЭРБ с акцентом на пищевые компоненты и  их влияние на  патофизиологию и  лечение данного заболевания. Несмотря на  то  что последовательное исключение из рациона определенных групп продуктов при ГЭРБ является обычным явлением в клинической практике, данные литературы демонстрируют более широкий подход, включая снижение потребления сахара, увеличение в рационе пищевых волокон и изменение паттернов пищевого поведения в целом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common upper gastrointestinal disease characterized by occurrence of typical symptoms associated with an increase in esophageal acid exposure. The transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) and hypotension is the key pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of reflux disease. For a long time, it was assumed that certain nutritional and lifestyle factors affect the mechanisms of the onset and progress of GERD. However, the accumulated scientific findings show contradicting results regarding contribution of these factors to the development of reflux disease. The treatment of GERD requires lifestyle modifications, diet therapy, pharmacotherapy, and, if necessary, surgery. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) form the basis of pharmacotherapy. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary therapy, is also part of the treatment plan for patients with reflux symptoms, however no clear guidelines in this regard are determined due to the lack of good evidence base. Yet, while the problems associated with the long-term use of PPIs are explored, patients and physicians are increasingly interested in the role of diet in the treatment of GERD. The article provides an overview of the dietary aspects in GERD with a focus on nutritional components and their impact on the pathophysiology and treatment of this disease. Although sequential food-group elimination in GERD is common in clinical practice, literature data demonstrate a broader approach, including reduction of sugar intake, increase of dietary fibres in the diet, and changes in patterns of eating habits as a general principle.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевод</kwd><kwd>рефлюкс</kwd><kwd>изжога</kwd><kwd>диетототерапия</kwd><kwd>питание</kwd><kwd>пищевое поведение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>esophagus</kwd><kwd>reflux</kwd><kwd>heartburn</kwd><kwd>diet therapy</kwd><kwd>nutrition</kwd><kwd>eating habits</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vakil N., van Zanten S.V., Kahrilas P., Dent J., Jones R. 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