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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2023-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7552</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-фармакологические подходы к персонализации назначения пероральных антикоагулянтов: клинические случаи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and pharmacological approaches to personalization of the prescription of oral anticoagulants: clinical cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6417-9535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федина Людмила Владимировна, аспирант кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии, РМАНПО; врач – клинический фармаколог отделения клинической фармакологии, ГКБ имени С.С. Юдина</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 115446, Москва, Коломенский проезд, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila V. Fedina - Postgraduate Student of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, RMACPE; Clinical Pharmacologist of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, CCH named after S.S. Yudin.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 4, Kolomensky Proezd, Moscow, 115446</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedina201368@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-3442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Игорь Николаевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии, РМАНПО; заведующий отделением клинической фармакологии, ГКБ имени С.С. Юдина.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 115446, Москва, Коломенский проезд, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Sychev - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, RMACPE; Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, CCH named after S.S. Yudin.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 4, Kolomensky Proezd, Moscow, 115446</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sychevigor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-4507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Растворова</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastvorova</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Растворова Татьяна Дмитриевна - ординатор кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии, РМАНПО.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana D. Rastvorova - Resident of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, RMACPE.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rastvorova.tatiana.d@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-4994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaev</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзаев Карин Бадавиевич - доктор медицинских наук, проректор по научной работе и инновациям, РМАНПО.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karin B. Mirzaev - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation, RMACPE.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karin05doc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Дмитрий Алексеевич - академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ректор, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии и терапии, РМАНПО.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Sychev - Acad. RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Rector, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, RMACPE.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry.alex.sychev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Городская клиническая больница имени С.С. Юдина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; City Clinical Hospital named after S.S. Yudin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>13</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федина Л.В., Сычев И.Н., Растворова Т.Д., Мирзаев К.Б., Сычев Д.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федина Л.В., Сычев И.Н., Растворова Т.Д., Мирзаев К.Б., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedina L.V., Sychev I.N., Rastvorova T.D., Mirzaev K.B., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7552">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7552</self-uri><abstract><p>Антикоагулянты играют важную роль в снижении осложнений и смертности, связанных с тромбоэмболическими заболеваниями. В течение некоторого времени антагонисты витамина К (АВК) были основными препаратами, используемыми для длительной пероральной антикоагулянтной терапии, но в связи со значительными ограничениями АВК за последнее десятилетие фармакологические исследования привели к разработке новых пероральных антикоагулянтов (ПОАК) прямого действия. ПОАК характеризуются быстрым началом действия с достижением пиковых уровней в течение 2–4 ч (период полураспада составляет около 12 ч, что намного короче, чем у АВК), более предсказуемым антикоагулянтным эффектом, отсутствием необходимости в подборе дозы, рутинного лабораторного контроля фармакодинамического эффекта, меньшей частотой клинически значимых взаимодействий с лекарственными средствами по сравнению с варфарином. Но антикоагулянты все так же могут вызывать серьезные нежелательные лекарственные реакции в виде геморрагических осложнений у госпитализированных пациентов, что подтверждается в исследованиях. В настоящее время клинико-фармакологические технологии персонализированной медицины, такие как фармакогенетические и фармакокинетические исследования, рассматриваются как перспективные подходы к повышению безопасности современной фармакотерапии, позволяющие прогнозировать и профилактировать различные нежелательные лекарственные реакции. Кроме того, появляются исследования, показывающие значение генетических особенностей пациентов в отношении метаболизма ПОАК, а также описаны клинические ситуации, где различные полиморфизмы генов могли быть ответственны за изменение фармакокинетики ПОАК. В данной статье рассмотрены клинические случаи применения фармакогенетического тестирования и терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга для оптимизации клинической эффективности и максимальной безопасности антикоагулянтной терапии апиксабаном и ривароксабаном.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Anticoagulants play an important role in reducing complications and mortality associated with thromboembolic disease. For some time, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been the main drugs used for long-term oral anticoagulant therapy, but because of the significant limitations of VKAs over the past decade, pharmacological research has led to the development of new direct actingoral anticoagulants (DOACs). Direct-acting oral anticoagulants have a rapid onset of action with peak levels within 2–4 hours and a half-life of about 12 hours, which is much shorter than that of vitamin K antagonists, a more predictable anticoagulant effect, no need for dose selection, routine laboratory monitoring of pharmacodynamic effects, and a lower frequency of clinically significant drug-drug interactions compared with warfarin. But anticoagulants can still cause serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the form of hemorrhagic complications in hospitalized patients, as confirmed in studies. Currently, clinical-pharmacological technologies of personalized medicine such as pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic studies are considered as promising approaches to improve the safety of modern pharmacotherapy, allowing the prediction and prevention of various ADRs. In addition, there are emerging studies showing the importance of genetic features of patients in relation to the metabolism of oral anticoagulants, as well as described clinical situations where different gene polymorphisms, could be responsible for changes in the pharmacokinetics of DOACs. This article reviews clinical cases in which pharmacogenetic testing and therapeutic drug monitoring are used to optimize the clinical efficacy and maximum safety of anticoagulant therapy with apixaban and rivaroxaban.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>терапевтический лекарственный мониторинг</kwd><kwd>апиксабан</kwd><kwd>ривароксабан</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>therapeutic drug monitoring</kwd><kwd>apixaban</kwd><kwd>rivaroxaban</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа была поддержана грантом РНФ №22-15-00251 «Персонализированное применение прямых оральных антикоагулянтов на основе фармакогеномного подхода»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-15-00251 “Personalized use of direct oral anticoagulants based on the pharmacogenomic approach”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franco Moreno A.I., Martín Díaz R.M., García Navarro M.J. 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