medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2023-164medsovet-7617Research ArticleДИССЕРТАНТDISSERTANTЭффективность дыхательной гимнастики и технологий виртуальной реальности и механотерапии в программах реабилитации пациентов с постковидным синдромомThe effectiveness of respiratory gymnastics and technologies of virtual reality and mechanotherapy in rehabilitation programs for patients with post-COVID syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-6149АнсоковаМ. А.AnsokovaM. A.

Ансокова Марьяна Аркадьевна, младший научный сотрудник отдела соматической реабилитации репродуктивного здоровья и активного долголетия

121099, Москва, ул. Новый Арбат, д. 32

Maryana A. Ansokova, Junior Researcher of the Department of Somatic Rehabilitation, Reproductive Health and Active Longevity

32, Novyi Arbat St., Moscow, 121099

AnsokovaMA@nmicrk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1886-124XМарченковаЛ. А.MarchenkovaL. A.

Марченкова Лариса Александровна, д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, завeдующая отделом соматической реабилитации, репродуктивного здоровья и активного долголетия

121099, Москва, ул. Новый Арбат, д. 32

Larisa A. Marchenkova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher, Head of the Department of Somatic Rehabilitation, Reproductive Health and Active Longevity

32, Novyi Arbat St., Moscow, 121099

MarchenkovaLA@nmicrk.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр реабилитации и курортологииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and BalneologyRussian Federation202325062023179144151Copyright © Ансокова М.А., Марченкова Л.А., 20232023Ансокова М.А., Марченкова Л.А.Ansokova M.A., Marchenkova L.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7617

В статье приведены результаты анализа российских и зарубежных источников о распространенности новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, описана частота и клиническое течение синдрома постковидных нарушений (СПКН), проявления которого могут сохраняться месяцами. Важную роль в восстановлении пациентов с данным синдромом играет медицинская реабилитация, требующая мультидисциплинарного подхода. Методы и технологии в реабилитации пациентов, перенесших COVID-19, разнообразны и освещены в работах многих исследователей по всему миру, а также включены в ряд клинических рекомендаций. В данной статье описаны общие принципы реабилитации пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, в т. ч. применение комплекса дыхательной гимнастики: реабилитационные упражнения, разработанные для заболеваний дыхательной системы, тренировки и упражнения на укрепление дыхательных мышц, в т. ч. межреберных, и мышц брюшной стенки; использование технологий виртуальной реальности, применение которых может быть эффективным способом улучшения функциональности и качества жизни пациентов; применение аппаратной механотерапии с биологической обратной связью (физиологические или биомеханические типы), позволяющей грамотно дозировать нагрузку и точность выполнения упражнений, активней вовлекать пациентов в процесс и минимизировать необходимость постоянного контроля. Комбинация традиционных подходов с технологиями VR и механотерапией с биологической обратной связью может дополнительно усилить эффекты реабилитации данной категории пациентов. Приведены данные о разработанном в ФГБУ «НМИЦ РК» Минздрава России комплексном методе реабилитации пациентов с постковидным синдромом, который обладает наибольшей эффективностью и перспективой использования, который способствует уменьшению выраженности проявлений постковидного синдрома, позволяет снизить риски нежелательных исходов, улучшить качество жизни пациентов.

The article presents the results of an analysis of Russian and foreign sources on the prevalence of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, describes the frequency and clinical course of post-covid disorders syndrome, the manifestations of which can persist for months. An important role in the recovery of patients with this syndrome is played by medical rehabilitation, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. Methods and technologies in the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone COVID-19 are diverse and covered in the works of many researchers around the world, and are also included in a number of clinical recommendations. This article describes the general principles for the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, incl. the use of a complex of respiratory gymnastics – rehabilitation exercises designed for diseases of the respiratory system, training and exercises to strengthen the respiratory muscles, including the intercostal and abdominal wall muscles; the use of virtual reality technologies, the use of which can be an effective way to improve the functionality and quality of life of patients; the use of hardware mechanotherapy with biofeedback (physiological or biomechanical types), which allows you to correctly dose the load and the accuracy of the exercises, more actively involve patients in the process and minimize the need for constant monitoring. The combination of traditional approaches with VR technologies and mechanotherapy with biofeedback can further enhance the effects of rehabilitation in this category of patients. Data are presented on the complex method for the rehabilitation of patients with post-COVID syndrome developed at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, which has the highest efficiency and prospects for use, which helps to reduce the severity of manifestations of the post-COVID syndrome, reduces the risks of undesirable outcomes, and improves the quality of life of patients. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.