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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-7643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОЛОВНАЯ БОЛЬ И ГОЛОВОКРУЖЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEADACHE AND VERTIGO</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Острое вестибулярное головокружение: современные методы диагностики и лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute vestibular vertigo: modern methods for diagnosis and treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-8632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антоненко</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonenko</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антоненко Людмила Михайловна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila М. Antonenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery</p><p>11, Bldg. 1, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Antonenko_l_m@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><elocation-id>73–79</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антоненко Л.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антоненко Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonenko L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7643">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7643</self-uri><abstract><p>Острое вестибулярное головокружение в большинстве случаев обусловлено патологией периферического отдела вестибулярной системы: вестибулярным нейронитом, болезнью Меньера, доброкачественным пароксизмальным позиционным головокружением, вестибулярной мигренью. Значительно реже причиной развития острого вестибулярного головокружения служит острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения или транзиторная ишемическая атака в вертебрально-базилярной артериальной системе. Диагностика заболеваний вестибулярной системы в нашей стране остается на низком уровне. Многим пациентам с поражением периферического отдела вестибулярной системы ошибочно ставится диагноз цереброваскулярного заболевания, вертебрально-базилярной недостаточности, шейного остеохондроза. Развитие острого вестибулярного головокружения при вестибулярном нейроните может сопровождаться повышением артериального давления у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией, что часто трактуется врачами как проявление цереброваскулярного заболевания. Однако отсутствие признаков инсульта при проведении нейровизуализации головного мозга не способствует установке правильного диагноза, в таком случае, как правило, диагностируется вертебробазилярная недостаточность. В данной ситуации особенно важно проведение клинического нейровестибулярного обследования, включающего оценку нистагма, пробу Хальмаги, оценку косой девиации, а также проведение калорической пробы, что позволяет поставить правильный диагноз. Для каждой из  нозологических форм разработаны современные методы диагностики и эффективные схемы лечения. Наиболее предпочтителен комплексный подход к ведению пациентов с головокружением. Проведенные исследования показали достоверное уменьшение выраженности головокружения при лечении пациентов с односторонним вестибулярным нейронитом, болезнью Меньера и другими заболеваниями периферического и центрального отделов вестибулярной системы низкодозовым комбинированным препаратом циннаризин 20 мг + дименгидринат 40 мг. Этот препарат хорошо переносится и не замедляет вестибулярную компенсацию. Сравнение эффективности низкодозового комбинированного препарата циннаризин + дименгидринат и бетагистина дигидрохлорида показало более значимый регресс острого вестибулярного головокружения при лечении вестибулярного нейронита комбинированным препаратом, чем бетагистином. Лечение острого вестибулярного головокружения оказалось более эффективным при сочетании медикаментозного лечения с вестибулярной гимнастикой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute vestibular vertigo is most commonly due to the disorders of the peripheral vestibular system: vestibular neuronitis, Meniere's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and vestibular migraine. An acute cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack in the vertebrobasilar arterial system is the significantly less common cause of acute vestibular vertigo. In our country, vestibular system disorders remain difficult to diagnose. Many patients with peripheral nervous system affection are misdiagnosed with cerebrovascular disease, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, and cervical osteochondrosis. The development of acute vestibular vertigo in vestibular neuronitis may be accompanied by high blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension, which is often interpreted by doctors as a manifestation of cerebrovascular disease. However, absence of signs of a stroke on neuroimaging of the brain does not help determine the correct diagnosis, in which case, as a rule, vertebrobasilar insufficiency is diagnosed.</p><p>In this situation, it is especially important to conduct a clinical neurovestibular examination, including assessment of nystagmus, Halmagyi head thrust maneuver, assessment of skew deviation, as well as a caloric test, which makes it possible to establish a correct diagnosis. Modern diagnostic methods and effective therapeutic regimens have been developed for each of the nosological forms. A comprehensive approach to the management of patients with vertigo is most preferable. The conducted studies showed a significant decrease in the severity of vertigo in the treatment of patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease and other disorders of the peripheral and central vestibular system with a low-dose combination of cinnarizine 20 mg + dimenhydrinate 40 mg. This drug is well tolerated and does not depress vestibular compensation. The comparison of the effectiveness of the low-dose combination of cinnarizine + dimenhydrinate and betahistine dihydrochloride showed that treatment of vestibular neuritis with the combination drug results in more significant regress of acute vestibular vertigo than the treatment with betahistine. Treatment of acute vestibular vertigo proved to be more effective when the drug therapy was combined with vestibular gymnastics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>вестибулярный нейронит</kwd><kwd>острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения</kwd><kwd>болезнь Меньера</kwd><kwd>вестибулярная мигрень</kwd><kwd>доброкачественное пароксизмальное позиционное головокружение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dizziness</kwd><kwd>vestibular neuritis</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>Meniere’s disease</kwd><kwd>vestibular migraine</kwd><kwd>benign paroxysmal positional vertigo</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Edlow J.A., Gurley K.L., Newman-Toker D.E. A new diagnostic approach to the adult patient with acute dizziness. 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