medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2023-199medsovet-7704Research ArticleГИНЕКОЛОГИЯGYNECOLOGYВлияние новой коронавирусной инфекции и вакцинации Спутником V / Спутником Лайт на менструальную функциюThe impact of novel coronavirus infection and Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination on menstrual functionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-001XФокинаМ. Ю.FokinaM. Yu.

Фокина Мария Юрьевна -студент Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского.

119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4

Mariya Yu. Fokina -Student of  the Institute of  Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky.

2, Bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991

fokina.maria2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4523-7450МаликоваА. Е.MalikovaA. E.

Маликова Анастасия Евгеньевна -студент Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского.

119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4

Anastasia E. Malikova -Student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky.

2, Bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991

NastyaBennet@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-4050БахтияровК. Р.BakhtiyarovK. R.

Бахтияров Камиль Рафаэльевич -доктор медицинских наук, профессор.

119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4

Kamil R. Bakhtiyarov -Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor.

2, Bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991

doctorbah@mail.ruПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian Federation202320082023013212219Copyright © Фокина М.Ю., Маликова А.Е., Бахтияров К.Р., 20232023Фокина М.Ю., Маликова А.Е., Бахтияров К.Р.Fokina M.Y., Malikova A.E., Bakhtiyarov K.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7704Введение

Введение. Новая коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19) стала причиной пандемии в 2020 г., нанеся значительный урон здоровью всего человечества. На сегодняшний день неясно, насколько велико влияние COVID-19, а также вакцинации Спутником V / Спутником Лайт на репродуктивное здоровье женщин, что делает данный вопрос актуальным для проведения исследования.

Цель

Цель. Исследовать, изменились ли частота дисменореи, обильность менструации, продолжительность менструального цикла и менструации у женщин, переболевших COVID-19 или вакцинированных Спутником V / Спутником Лайт.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведено неконтролируемое (before-after study) исследование, сбор данных осуществлялся методом анкетирования с мая по июль 2022 г. Всего в опросе приняли участие 344 женщины, которые являлись пациентками клиники «Семейная». Из них 271 перенесла COVID-19, 236 были вакцинированы Спутником V / Спутником Лайт. Обработка полученных данных осуществлялась такими статистическими методами, как тест МакНемара и критерий Уилкоксона.

Результаты и обсуждение

Результаты и обсуждение. После перенесенного COVID-19 наблюдалось статистически значимое увеличение длины менструального цикла с 28 дней (Q1 = 28,0; Q3 = 30,0) до 29 (Q1 = 27,0; Q3 = 32,0) дней (p = 0,023) у 30,26% женщин. Длительность менструации после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции также статистически значимо увеличилась у 20,3% женщин (р = 0,031), но при этом медиана не изменилась. В поствакциональном периоде не было установлено статистически значимых изменений как продолжительности менструации, так и длины менструального цикла (p = 0,793 и p = 0,356 соответственно). Было установлено статистически значимое увеличение частоты меноррагий с  21,0  до  28,8% после COVID-19  (p  <  0,001). Статистически значимой динамики по  частоте дисменореи в  постковидном периоде выявлено не было (p = 0,152). После вакцинации Спутником V / Спутником Лайт отмечалось статистически значимое увеличение частоты меноррагий с 20,3 до 24,6% (p = 0,013). Однако статистически значимой динамики по частоте дисменореи в поствакциональном периоде выявлено не было (p = 0, 581).

Заключение

Заключение. COVID-19 не влияет на частоту дисменореи, однако после данного заболевания отмечается увеличение продолжительности менструального цикла и менструации, а также частоты меноррагий, что может быть связано с приемом антикоагулянтов в качестве терапии COVID-19. Вакцинация Спутником V / Спутником Лайт оказывает влияние только на частоту меноррагий, увеличивая ее. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования, которые позволят провести максимально полную оценку влияния COVID-19 и вакцинации на менструальную функцию женщин.

Introduction

Introduction. The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused the pandemic in 2020 and significant damage to the health of all mankind. Nowadays it’s still unclear how large the influence of COVID-19 and vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light on women’s reproductive health, that’s why this question is topical and requires researches to be answered.

Aim

Aim. To find out if there are any changes in frequency of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, length of menstrual cycle and menstruation in women which had COVID-19 or were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. An uncontrolled (before-after) study was carried out, data collection was made by questionnaire. 344 women took part in this study, all of them were patients of «Family» Clinic. 277 of them had COVID-19 and 236 were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light. Processing of received data was made by statistical methods: McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon sighed ranks test.

Results and discussion

Results and discussion. After COVID-19, there was a statistically significant increase in the length of the menstrual cycle from 28 days (Q1 = 28.0; Q3 = 30.0) to 29 days (Q1 = 27.0; Q3 = 32.0), (p = 0.023) in 30.26% of women. The duration of menstruation after a new coronavirus infection also increased statistically significantly in 20.3% of women (p = 0.031), but the median did not change. In the post-vaccination period, there were no statistically significant changes in both the duration of menstruation and the length of the menstrual cycle (p = 0.793 and p = 0.356, respectively). A statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia was found from 21.0 to 28.8% after COVID-19 (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the post-COVID period (p = 0.152). After Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination, there was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia from 20.3 to 24.6% (p = 0.013). However, there was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the postoperative period (p = 0.581).

Conclusion

Conclusion. COVID-19 does not affect the frequency of dysmenorrhea, however, after this disease, there is an increase in the duration of the menstrual cycle and menstruation, as well as the frequency of menorrhagia, which may be associated with the use of anticoagulants as COVID-19 therapy. Vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light has an effect only on the frequency of menorrhagia, increasing it. We need further researches to completely evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and vaccination on women’s menstrual function.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.