medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2023-365medsovet-7834Research ArticleГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯGASTROENTEROLOGYЦельнозерновые продукты в детском питанииWhole grain products in children nutritionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-6753ПырьеваЕ. А.PyrievaE. A.

Пырьева Екатерина Анатольевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией возрастной нутрициологии, Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; доцент кафедры диетологии и нутри- циологии, Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования

109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14,

125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1

Ekaterina A. Pyrieva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Age-Related Nutrition, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety; Russia; Associate Professor of the Department of Dietetics and Nutritionology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

2/14, Ustyinsky Proezd, Moscow, 109240,

2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993

pyrieva@ion.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6023-8737СафроноваА. И.SafronovaA. I.

Сафронова Адиля Ильгизовна, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории возрастной нутрициологии

109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14

Adilya I. Safronova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Age-Related Nutrition

2/14, Ustyinsky Proezd, Moscow, 109240

sai1509@yandex.ruГеоргиеваО. В.GeorgievaО. V.

Георгиева Ольга Валентиновна, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории возрастной нутрициологии

109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14

Olga V. Georgieva, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Age-Related Nutrition

2/14, Ustyinsky Proezd, Moscow, 109240

Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образованияРоссияFederal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищиРоссияFederal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food SafetyRussian Federation202301112023017Педиатрия151156Copyright © Пырьева Е.А., Сафронова А.И., Георгиева О.В., 20232023Пырьева Е.А., Сафронова А.И., Георгиева О.В.Pyrieva E.A., Safronova A.I., Georgieva О.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/7834

В статье обсуждаются проблемы использования продуктов с включением цельного зерна в питание детей раннего возраста. К числу наиболее дискуссионных отнесены вопросы оптимального количества и сроков включения цельнозернового компонента в детское питание. Приводятся результаты исследований, подтверждающие эффективность включения цельнозерновых в питание детей, а также уровень их потребления в мире, демонстрирующий существенные национальные различия (от 2 до 58 г/сут). В целом, несмотря на очевидную пользу, фактического потребления цельнозерновых продуктов детьми недостаточно для реализации потенциала в обеспечении здоровья. В качестве одного из путей решения проблемы рассматривается раннее включение цельного зерна в питание, начиная с первого года жизни. Отмечены аспекты, ограничивающие использование цельного зерна в питании: несогласованность идентификации цельзерновой продукции и ее санитарно-гигиеническая безопасность. В настоящее время в качестве уровня содержания цельного зерна в продукте, позволяющего отнести его к цельнозерновым, предложены как 30%, так и 50%. Особенно актуален для детского питания вопрос о безопасности, поскольку внешние слои зерновых способны концентрировать контаминанты (тяжелые металлы, микотоксины, мышьяк, пестициды). Установлено, что содержание мышьяка в продуктах из цельного риса выше, чем в рафинированных аналогах. В связи с этим преимуществами для организации питания детей раннего возраста обладает специализированная пищевая продукция детского питания, производство которой предусматривает особые подходы к подбору цельнозернового сырья и режимам технологической переработки для обеспечения требований к ее качеству и безопасности. Приведены отечественные и зарубежные документы, регламентирующие требования к показателям безопасности специализированных продуктов на зерновой основе для детского питания.

The article discusses the problems of using products containing whole grains in the nutrition of young children. Among the most controversial are the issues of the optimal quantity and timing of inclusion of the whole grain component in baby food. The results of studies are presented confirming the effectiveness of including whole grains in children’s diets, as well as the level of their consumption in the world, demonstrating significant national differences (from 2 to 58 g per day). In general, despite the obvious benefits of whole grains, actual consumption of whole grains by children is not enough to realize their health potential. As one of the ways to solve the problem, the early inclusion of whole grains in the diet, starting from the first year of life, is considered. Aspects that limit the use of whole grains in nutrition are noted inconsistency in the identification of whole grain products and their sanitary and hygienic safety. Currently, both 30 and 50% have been proposed as the level of whole grain content in a product that allows it to be classified as whole grain. The issue of safety is especially relevant for baby food, since the outer layers of grains can concentrate contaminants (heavy metals, mycotoxins, arsenic, pesticides). It has been established that the arsenic content in whole rice products is higher than in refined analogues. In this regard, specialized baby food products have advantages for organizing nutrition for young children, the production of which involves special approaches to the selection of whole grain raw materials and technological processing modes to ensure the requirements for its quality and safety. Domestic and foreign documents regulating the requirements for safety indicators for specialized grain-based products for baby food are presented.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.