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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-037</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8074</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БРОНХОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ И ОТОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRONCHOPULMONOLOGY, OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние местного применения  этиотропных препаратов на микробиоту ротоглотки у детей с острой респираторной инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of local use of etiotropic drugs on the oropharyngeal microbiota  in children with acute respiratory infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач России, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Honored Physician of Russia, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-6268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережная</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережная Ирина Владимировна, к.м.н. доцент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Berezhnaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics, Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berezhnaya-irina26@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-682X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Ирина Сергеевна, ассистент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina S. Kuznetsova, Assistant of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor_irina_kuznetsova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чередникова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherednikova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чередникова Татьяна Александровна, педиатр, главный врач</p><p>127006, Москва, Оружейный пер., д. 43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Cherednikova, Pediatrician, Chief Physician </p><p>34-1-1/1, Narodnogo Opolcheniia St., Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dgp140@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-5889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махаева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhaeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махаева Анастасия Владимировна, аспирант кафедры педиатрии; заведующая педиатрическим отделением</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1</p><p>127006, Москва, Оружейный пер., д. 43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Makhaeva, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatrics; Head of Pediatric Department</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p><p>34-1-1/1, Narodnogo Opolcheniia St., Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmakhaeva305@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-4033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одинцова</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odintsova</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Одинцова Вера Евгеньевна, главный биоинформатик</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Народного Ополчения, д. 34, стр. 1, помещ. 1/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera E. Odintsova, Bioinformatics Lead.</p><p>34-1-1/1, Narodnogo Opolcheniia St., Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera.odints@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-0476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошечкин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshechkin</surname><given-names>S.  I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кошечкин Станислав Игоревич, к.б.н., директор по науке</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Народного Ополчения, д. 34, стр. 1, помещ. 1/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav I. Koshechkin, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Science Director</p><p>34-1-1/1, Narodnogo Opolcheniia St., Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">st.koshechkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-5884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романов Владимир Андреевич, менеджер клинических исследований</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Народного Ополчения, д. 34, стр. 1, помещ. 1/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Romanov, Senior Researcher, Clinical Research Manager</p><p>34-1-1/1, Narodnogo Opolcheniia St., Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanov@nobiastech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская поликлиника №140</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s City Polyclinic No. 140</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Детская городская поликлиника №140</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Children’s City Polyclinic No. 140</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Нобиас Технолоджис» (Nobias)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nobias Technologies LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>25–38</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Кузнецова И.С., Чередникова Т.А., Махаева А.В., Одинцова В.Е., Кошечкин С.И., Романов В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Кузнецова И.С., Чередникова Т.А., Махаева А.В., Одинцова В.Е., Кошечкин С.И., Романов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Kuznetsova I.S., Cherednikova T.A., Makhaeva A.V., Odintsova V.E., Koshechkin S.I., Romanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8074">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8074</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Микробиота полости рта и ротоглотки, активно взаимодействуя с эпителием слизистой оболочки и с иммунной системой, создает антагонистические условия для роста и размножения патогенов. Микробиоценоз-сохраняющая терапия может обеспечить условия для поддержания колонизационной резистентности и снизить вероятность адгезии респираторных вирусов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние местного применения различных противомикробных препаратов на микробиоту слизистой оболочки ротоглотки у детей с острой респираторной инфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 120 детей (5–10 лет) с острой респираторной инфекцией были разделены на три группы, в которых в составе комплексной терапии применяли: в 1-й группе – гексетидин-содержащий аэрозоль, во 2-й – детский спрей, содержащий грамицидин С и цетилпиридиния хлорид, в 3-й – 0,01% раствор бензилдиметил-миристоиламино-пропиламмония. В 1-й и 12-й дни наблюдения участникам проводился забор мазка из зева для изучения состояния микробиоты ротоглотки методом 16S pРНК секвенирования. Полученные результаты сравнивали с таковыми у здоровых ровесников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. По данным секвенирования микробиота участников всех групп до лечения отличалась от микробиоты здоровых ровесников по показателям альфа- и бета-разнообразия, а также по результатам, полученным методом ближайших балансов. Местное применение антисептических препаратов оказывало влияние на микробиоту на уровне видов и родов микроорганизмов. После лечения во 2-й группе, в отличие от 1-й и 3-й, выявлены статистически значимые изменения балансов на уровне видов в сторону показателей здоровых ровесников.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Комбинированный препарат, содержащий цетилпиридиния хлорид и бактериоциноподобный антимикробный пептид грамицидин С, продемонстрировал отсутствие негативного воздействия на комменсальную микробиоту и способствовал стабилизации регионарной микробиоты.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The microbiota of the oral cavity and oropharynx, actively interacts with the epithelium of the mucous membrane and the immune system, creates antagonistic conditions for the growth and reproduction of pathogens. Microbiocenosis-preserving therapy can provide conditions for maintaining colonization resistance and reduce the likelihood of adhesion of respiratory viruses.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the effect of local use of various antimicrobial drugs on the microbiota of the oropharyngeal mucosa in children with acute respiratory infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 120 children (5–10 years old) with acute respiratory infection were divided into three groups, in which they were used as part of complex therapy: in group 1st – hexetidine-containing aerosol, in group 2nd – a children’s spray containing gramicidin S and cetylpyridinium chloride, in the 3rd – 0.01% solution of benzyldimethyl-myristoylamino-propylammonium. On the 1st and 12th days of observation, participants had a throat swab taken to study the state of the oropharyngeal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. The results obtained were compared with those of healthy peers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to sequencing data, the microbiota of participants in all groups before treatment differed from the microbiota of healthy peers in terms of alpha and beta diversity, as well as in the results obtained by the nearest balance method. Local use of antiseptic drugs influenced the microbiota at the level of species and genera of microorganisms. After treatment in the 2nd group, in contrast to the 1st and 3rd, statistically significant changes in the balances at the level of microorganism species were revealed towards the indicators of healthy peers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A combined drug containing cetylpyritinium chloride and the bacteriocin-like antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S demonstrated no negative effect on commensal microbiota and contributed to the stabilization of the regional microbiota.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>боль в горле</kwd><kwd>острый тонзиллофарингит</kwd><kwd>острая респираторная инфекция</kwd><kwd>топическая этиотропная терапия</kwd><kwd>антимикробные пептиды</kwd><kwd>бактериоциноподобные пептиды</kwd><kwd>грамицидин С</kwd><kwd>микробиота ротоглотки</kwd><kwd>16S секвенирование</kwd><kwd>микробное разнообразие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sore throat</kwd><kwd>acute tonsillopharyngitis</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory infection</kwd><kwd>topical etiotropic therapy</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial peptides</kwd><kwd>bacteriocin-like peptides</kwd><kwd>gramicidin C</kwd><kwd>oropharyngeal microbiota</kwd><kwd>16S sequencing</kwd><kwd>microbial diversity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы декларируют, что секвенирование в рамках данного исследования было осуществлено при поддержке АО «Валента Фарм», без участия каких-либо сотрудников или уполномоченных данной организации в статистическом анализе полученных данных; проведение основной части исследования, статистический анализ и подготовка публикации осуществлены при отсутствии внешнего финансирования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that sequencing within the framework of this study was carried out with the support of JSC “Valenta Pharm”, without the participation of any employees or authorized representatives of this organization in the statistical analysis of the data obtained; the main part of the study, statistical analysis and preparation of the publication was carried out in the absence of external funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berg G, Rybakova D, Fischer D, Cernava T, Vergès MC, Charles T et al. 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