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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-028</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>L-карнитин: пищевые источники, адекватные и клинически эффективные дозы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>L-carnitine: food sources, adequate and clinically effective doses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5288-1132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коденцова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodentsova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коденцова Вера Митрофановна, д.б.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории витаминов и минеральных веществ</p><p>109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera M. Kodentsova, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Vitamins and Minerals</p><p>2/14, Ustyinsky Proezd, Moscow, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kodentsova@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-8115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рисник</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Risnik</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рисник Дмитрий Владимирович, к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник кафедры биофизики биологического факультета</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Risnik, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Lenin Hills, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biant3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюкова Елизавета Вячеславовна, д.т.н., профессор, профессор кафедры «Пищевая безопасность»</p><p>125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta V. Kryukova, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Food Safety</p><p>11, Volokolamsk Highway, Moscow, 125080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-2109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дарий</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dariy</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарий Сергей Геннадьевич, аспирант</p><p>125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey G. Dariy, Postgraduate Student</p><p>11, Volokolamsk Highway, Moscow, 125080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>320</fpage><lpage>328</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В., Крюкова Е.В., Дарий С.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В., Крюкова Е.В., Дарий С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kodentsova V.M., Risnik D.V., Kryukova E.V., Dariy S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8253">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8253</self-uri><abstract><p>L-карнитин играет ключевую роль в биоэнергетике клетки, относится к витаминоподобным веществам, но в отличие от витаминов не только поступает с пищей, но и синтезируется в организме. Эндогенный синтез уменьшается с возрастом, при некоторых физиологических состояниях, приеме лекарственных средств. В связи с этим разрабатываются специализированные пищевые продукты и биологически активные добавки к пище, содержащие в качестве одного из функциональных ингредиентов L-карнитин. Сопоставлены дозы L-карнитина, разрешенных для применения в составе биологически активных добавок к пище и специализированных пищевых продуктов, с дозами, обеспечивающими клинический эффект. Обзор существующей литературы по данной проблеме за последние годы осуществляли по базам данных РИНЦ, Pubmed и в системах Google Scholar, ReserchGate. Количество L-карнитина, содержащегося в суточной порции специализированных пищевых продуктов, установлено отечественными нормативными документами исходя из адекватного уровня суточного потребления для взрослых, составляющего 300 мг, и верхнего допустимого уровня суточного потребления в составе специализированных пищевых продуктов и биологически активных добавок к пище – 900 мг/сут. Прием L-карнитина по 1–2 г/сут в течение 5–12 нед. приводил к повышению его концентрации в плазме крови, а также улучшал показатели антиоксидантного статуса. Продолжительный прием L-карнитина в дозах 2–3 г у пациентов с дислипидемиями, сахарным диабетом и сердечнососудистыми заболеваниями приводил к улучшению липидного профиля плазмы крови, гликемического контроля, оказывал противовоспалительное действие. Условием достижения клинического эффекта у пациентов является длительный прием и высокие дозы. Прием физиологических доз L-карнитина целесообразен для лиц из групп риска. Клинически эффективные дозы L-карнитина при применении в течение не менее 12 нед. соответствуют или в два раза превышают верхний допустимый уровень потребления в составе специализированных пищевых продуктов и биологически активных добавок.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>L-carnitine plays a key role in cell bioenergetics, it belongs to vitamin-like substances, but unlike vitamins, it not only comes from food, but is also synthesized in the body. Endogenous synthesis decreases with age, under certain physiological conditions, taking medications. In this regard, specialized food products (SFP) and food supplements are being developed, containing L-carnitine as one of the functional ingredients. Comparison of doses of L-carnitine approved for use in biologically active food supplements and specialized food products with doses that provide a clinical effect.A review of existing literature on this issue in recent years was carried out using the RSCI, Pubmed databases and in the Google Scholar, ResearchGate systems. The amount of L-carnitine contained in a daily portion of SPP is established by domestic regulatory documents based on an adequate level of daily intake for adults, which is 300 mg and the upper permissible level of daily intake in the composition of SFP and food supplements is 900 mg/day. Reception of L-carnitine 1–2 g per day. within 5–12 weeks led to an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma, and also improved the indicators of the antioxidant status. Long-term intake of L-carnitine in doses of 2–3 g in patients with dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes (DM2) and cardiovascular diseased (CVD) led to an improvement in the lipid profile of blood plasma, glycemic control, and had an anti-inflammatory effect. The condition for achieving a clinical effect in patients is long-term use and high doses. The intake of physiological doses of L-carnitine is appropriate for individuals from risk groups. Clinically effective doses of L-carnitine, when used for at least 12 weeks, correspond to or are 2 times higher than the upper permissible intake level in the composition of SPP and dietary supplements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>L-карнитин</kwd><kwd>специализированные пищевые продукты</kwd><kwd>биологически активные добавки к пище</kwd><kwd>клиническая эффективность</kwd><kwd>дозировка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>L-carnitine</kwd><kwd>specialized food products</kwd><kwd>biologically active food supplements</kwd><kwd>clinical efficacy</kwd><kwd>dosage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulczyński B, Sidor A, Gramza-Michałowska A. Characteristics of Selected Antioxidative and Bioactive Compounds in Meat and Animal Origin Products. 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