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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-192</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8314</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кашель на приеме у врача</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cough at the doctor’s office</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2551-5671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакирова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakirova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шакирова Гульназ Ринатовна - к.м.н., ассистент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии, КГМУ; врач-пульмонолог, РКБ.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49; 420064, Казань, Оренбургский тракт, д. 138</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnaz R. Shakirova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Kazan State Medical University; Pulmonologist, Republican Clinical Hospital.</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, 420012; 138, Orenburgskiy Trakt, Kazan, 420064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adeleashakirova02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7482-0381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гизатуллина</surname><given-names>Э. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gizatullina</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гизатуллина Эльвира Данияловна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira D. Gizatullina - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gizatullinaelia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0863-7315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурчагина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burchagina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурчагина Алина Сергеевна - врач-пульмонолог.</p><p>420039, Казань, ул. Гагарина, д. 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina S. Burchagina - Pulmonologist, City Clinical Hospital No. 16.</p><p>121, Gagarin St., Kazan, 420039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burchagina.alina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет; Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University; Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №16</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No. 16</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>194</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шакирова Г.Р., Гизатуллина Э.Д., Бурчагина А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шакирова Г.Р., Гизатуллина Э.Д., Бурчагина А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shakirova G.R., Gizatullina E.D., Burchagina A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8314">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8314</self-uri><abstract><p>Кашель – распространенный симптом, требующий обращения за медицинской помощью. Спектр заболеваний, при которых встречается кашель, достаточно большой. Это не только пациенты с бронхолегочной патологией, кашель может возникать и при заболеваниях желудочно-кишечного тракта, сердечно-сосудистой системы, лор-органов, приеме лекарственных препаратов и ряде других причин. Кашель имеет различные механизмы развития и клинические характеристики. Лечение кашля в первую очередь должно быть направлено на устранение причины кашля, той нозологической формы, которая спровоцировала развитие этого симптома. Однако кашель нередко требует сложной длительной диагностики и персонифицированного подхода к терапии. До установления причины хронического кашля и при лечении больных с острым и подострым кашлем часто требуется симптоматическое лечение. При выборе симптоматической терапии кашля необходимо ориентироваться на конкретную клиническую ситуацию и дифференцированно подходить к выбору лекарственных препаратов. Эффективным симптоматическим средством в лечении кашля являются комбинированные препараты, особенно в тех ситуациях, когда у больного одновременно имеется несколько симптомов (кашель, вязкая, трудноотделяемая мокрота, бронхообструкция). Примером такой комбинации являются лекарственные средства, в состав которых входят бромгексин (муколитик), гвайфенезин (муколитик/мукокинетик) и сальбутамол (β2-адреномиметик). Препараты обладают синергичным действием, оказывают противокашлевой эффект, улучшают мукоцилиарный клиренс, улучшают реологические свойства бронхиального секрета, снижая избыточный тонус бронхов, что приводит к быстрому очищению бронхов от измененного бронхиального секрета и уменьшению/прекращению кашля.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Сough is a common symptom that requires medical attention. The range of diseases in which cough occurs is quite large. These are not only patients with bronchopulmonary pathology, cough can also occur in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, diseases of the upper respiratory tract, taking medications and a number of other reasons. Cough has different developmental mechanisms and clinical characteristics. Treatment of cough should be primarily aimed at eliminating the cause of cough, the nosological form that triggered the development of this symptom. However, cough often requires a complex long-term diagnosis and personalized approach to therapy. Symptomatic treatment is often required before the cause of chronic cough is established and for patients with acute and subacute cough. When choosing symptomatic cough therapy, it is necessary to focus on a specific clinical situation and take a differentiated approach to the choice of medications. Combination medications are an effective symptomatic remedy in the treatment of cough, especially in situations where the patient has several symptoms at the same time (cough, viscous, difficult-to-separate sputum, bronchial obstruction). An example of such a combination are drugs that include bromhexine (mucolytic), guaifenesine (mucolytic/mucokinetic) and salbutamol (β2-adrenomimetic). The drugs have a synergistic effect, have an antitussive effect, improve mucociliary clearance, improve the rheological properties of bronchial secretions, reducing excessive bronchial tone, which leads to rapid cleansing of the bronchi from altered bronchial secretions and a decrease / cessation of coughing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кашель</kwd><kwd>фармакотерапия кашля</kwd><kwd>противокашлевые препараты</kwd><kwd>мукоактивные лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>симптоматическая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cough</kwd><kwd>cough pharmacotherapy</kwd><kwd>antitussive drugs</kwd><kwd>mucoactive drugs</kwd><kwd>symptomatic therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finley CR, Chan DS, Garrison S, Korownyk C, Kolber MR, Campbell S et al. What are the most common conditions in primary care? Systematic review. 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