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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-236</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНОТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNOTHERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к лечению олигометастатической меланомы в эпоху иммунотаргетной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to the treatment of oligometastatic melanoma in the era of immunotargeted therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1834-0981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ледин</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ledin</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ледин Евгений Витальевич - к.м.н., руководитель центра химиотерапии, заведующий отделением химиотерапии, врач-химиотерапевт, онколог, Клиническая больница №2.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5, корп. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Ledin - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Chemotherapy Center, Head of the Chemotherapy Department, Chemotherapist, Oncologist, Clinical Hospital No. 2.</p><p>5, Bldg. 4, 2nd Botkin Proezd, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ledin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1032-3818</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столяров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyarov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Столяров Владимир Игоревич - ординатор по специальности «онкология».</p><p>123098, Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Stolyarov - Resident in the Specialty “Oncology”.</p><p>23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir_stolyarov1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиническая больница №2 АО «Группа компаний “Медси”»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Hospital No. 2 JSC “Medsi Group of Companies”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ледин Е.В., Столяров В.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ледин Е.В., Столяров В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ledin E.V., Stolyarov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8389">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8389</self-uri><abstract><p>Олигометастатическое заболевание – термин, который описывает состояние опухоли между локализованным образованием и диссеминированным процессом, когда все обнаруженные опухолевые очаги доступны локальному воздействию. Концепция олигометастатической болезни при распространенной меланоме кожи существует с 1970–1980-х гг., и роль метастазэктомии солитарных очагов прочно заняла свою нишу в стратегии лечения данного заболевания. Однако роль локальных методов до внедрения современной системной терапии была довольно скромной в силу агрессивного и часто первично диссеминированного течения заболевания. Внедрение иммунотерапии и современной таргетной терапии в лечение метастатической меланомы позволило существенно увеличить количество пациентов, подходящих под критерии олигометастатического заболевания с возможностью выполнения метастазэктомии. В настоящее время не разработано четкого алгоритма и определенной последовательности комбинации системных методов лечения с хирургическими и другими локальными методами. Сейчас активно обсуждается проведение условно-неоадъювантной иммунотерапии даже при первично операбельных метастазах меланомы. Данная концепция основывается на более высокой эффективности иммунотерапии при наличии опухолевой ткани в организме и уже имеет практическое подтверждение в виде позитивных данных последних исследований. В определении тактики при олигометастатической меланоме крайне важен мультидисципланарный подход, включающий взвешенную оценку возможных локальных хирургических возможностей, применение радиотерапии и обязательный системный контроль заболевания. Успешно применяя и комбинируя данные подходы, у значимой части пациентов возможно добиться выдающихся успехов в контроле заболевания. В данном обзоре проведен анализ основных и наиболее важных работ в мировой литературе по системному и хирургическому лечению олигометастатической меланомы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Oligometastatic disease is a term that describes the state of a tumor between a localized tumor and a disseminated process, when all detected tumor lesions are accessible to local action. The concept of oligometastatic disease in advanced cutaneous melanoma has existed since the 1970–1980s, and the role of metastasectomy of solitary lesion is approved in the treatment strategy for this disease. However, the role of local methods before the introduction of modern systemic therapy was quite modest due to the aggressive and often primary disseminated course of the disease. The introduction of immunotherapy and modern targeted therapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma has significantly increased the number of patients meeting the criteria for oligometastatic disease with the possibility of metastasectomy. Currently, there is no clear algorithm or specific sequence for combining systemic treatment methods with surgical and other local methods. Conditional neoadjuvant immunotherapy is being actively discussed even for primary resectable melanoma metastases; this concept is based on the higher effectiveness of immunotherapy in the presence of tumor tissue in the body and already has practical confirmation from recent studies. In determining the tactics for oligometastatic melanoma, a multidisciplinary approach is extremely important, including a balanced assessment of possible local surgical options, the use of radiotherapy and mandatory systemic disease control. By successfully applying and combining these approaches, it is possible to achieve outstanding success in controlling the disease in a significant proportion of patients. This review provides an analysis of the main and most important works on systemic and surgical treatment of oligometastatic melanoma.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>олигометастатическое заболевание</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>метастазэктомия</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>адъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>пембролизумаб</kwd><kwd>ниволумаб</kwd><kwd>ипилимумаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melanoma</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>oligometastatic disease</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>metastasectomy</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>adjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>pembrolizumab</kwd><kwd>nivolumab</kwd><kwd>ipilimumab</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dickson PV, Gershenwald JE. Staging and prognosis of cutaneous melanoma. 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