medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2024-248medsovet-8429Research ArticleЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИЯENDOCRINOLOGYРебенок с сахарным диабетом в школе и детском саду: результаты всероссийского социологического исследования «РОСТОК-2023»A child with diabetes in school and kindergarten: results of the all-russian sociological study “ROSTOK-2023”https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-8996СаверскаяЕ. Н.SaverskayaE. N.

Саверская Елена Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры терапии с курсом фармакологии и фармации Медицинского института непрерывного образования

125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 11

Elena N. Saverskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Рrofessor of the Department of Therapy with a course of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Medical Institute of Continuing Education

11, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125080

l.saverskaya@mail.ruРоссийский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)РоссияRussian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH)Russian Federation20240608202401158–70Copyright © Саверская Е.Н., 20242024Саверская Е.Н.Saverskaya E.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8429Введение

Введение. Сахарный диабет 1-го типа у детей создает сложности и требует определенных условий для контроля во время посещения школы/детского сада, при этом дети должны получать образование без каких-либо ограничений.

Цель

Цель. Выявить проблемы и оценить потребности детей с сахарным диабетом 1-го типа и их родителей во время пребывания в дошкольных и общеобразовательных организациях.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Социологический интернет-опрос 684 родителей детей с диабетом проводился в сентябре-октябре 2023 г. в 8 федеральных округах России. Электронная анкета содержала 117 вопросов по 9 основным блокам изучения проблем пребывания детей в школах/детских садах.

Результаты

Результаты. Возраст детей от 2 до 18 лет (медиана – 9,9 года); пол детей: женский – 50,9%, мужской – 49,1%; стаж диабета – от 1 мес. до 15 лет (медиана – 3,6 года). Основными проблемами родители считают трудности с организацией питания (54,7%), введением инсулина (52,8%), контролем гликемии (44,9%), собственный страх (41,2%), недоверие педагогам (20,8%) и медсестрам (11,1%), административные барьеры (29,4%). Педагоги не имеют достаточных знаний о диабете у детей (78,5%), обучающих пособиях (53,0%), нормативных актах о своих обязанностях при сопровождении детей (46,0%), 54,8% из них испытывают страх, 87,9% не могут оказать помощь ребенку в экстренной ситуации. По мнению родителей, в образовательных организациях необходима информационно-просветительская работа (85,8%) и сопровождение ассистента/ тьютора (56,5%) для детей с диабетом.

Выводы

Выводы. Решение обозначенных проблем возможно при тесном взаимодействии персонала образовательных учреждений, родителей и детей, врачей-эндокринологов, психологов, работников социальной сферы, органов государственной власти в области образования, здравоохранения, трудовой и социальной политики, компетенция которых сможет снять барьеры и создать условия для комфортного пребывания детей с диабетом в образовательных организациях.

Introduction

Introduction. Type 1 diabetes in children creates difficulties and requires certain conditions for control while attending school/ kindergarten, while children should receive education without any restrictions.

Aim

Aim. To identify problems and assess the needs of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their parents during their stay in preschool and general education organizations.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A sociological online survey of 684 parents of children with diabetes was conducted in September- October 2023 in 8 federal districts of Russia. The electronic questionnaire contained 117 questions on 9 main blocks of studying the problems of children staying in schools/kindergartens.

Results

Results. The age of children is from 2 to 18 years (median – 9.9 years); gender of children: female – 50.9%, male – 49.1%; diabetes experience – from 1 month. up to 15 years (median – 3.6 years). Parents consider the main problems to be difficulties with organizing meals (54.7%), administering insulin (52.8%), controlling glycemia (44.9%), their own fear (41.2%), and mistrust of teachers (20.8%) and nurses (11.1%), administrative barriers (29.4%). Teachers do not have sufficient knowledge about diabetes in children (78.5%), teaching aids (53.0%), regulations on their responsibilities when accompanying children (46.0%), 54.8% of them are afraid, 87.9% cannot help a child in an emergency. Parents are concerned about the lack of nurses (80.1%) and a separate room for self-monitoring (47.7%) at school. According to parents, educational organizations need awareness-raising work (85.8%) and support from an assistant/tutor (56.5%) for children with diabetes.

Conclusion

Conclusion. It is possible to solve the identified problems through the cooperation of teachers, parents and children, endocrinologists, psychologists, social workers and government authorities who can remove barriers and create conditions for a comfortable stay for children with diabetes in educational organizations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.