<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-330</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ влияния пробиотика на клинические проявления и тяжесть течения острых респираторных инфекций у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of probiotic’s impact on the clinical manifestations and severity of acute respiratory infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-0476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошечкин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshechkin</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кошечкин Станислав Игоревич, к.б.н., директор по науке</p><p>127273, Москва, Березовая аллея, д. 14б, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav I. Koshechkin, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Director of Science</p><p>14b, Bldg. 2, Berezovaya Alley, Moscow, 127273</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">St.Koshechkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-4033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одинцова</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odintsova</surname><given-names>V. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Одинцова Вера Евгеньевна, руководитель отдела аналитики</p><p>127273, Москва, Березовая аллея, д. 14б, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera Е. Odintsova, Head of the Analytics Department</p><p>14b, Bldg. 2, Berezovaya Alley, Moscow, 127273</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera.odints@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-5884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романов Владимир Андреевич, менеджер клинических исследований</p><p>127273, Москва, Березовая аллея, д. 14б, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir А. Romanov, Clinical Research Manager</p><p>14b, Bldg. 2, Berezovaya Alley, Moscow, 127273</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-1835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попенко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попенко Анна Сергеевна, к.б.н., биоинформатик</p><p>127273, Москва, Березовая аллея, д. 14б, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Popenko, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Bioinformatics</p><p>14b, Bldg. 2, Berezovaya Alley, Moscow, 127273</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-2807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первишко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervishko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Первишко Олеся Валерьевна, к.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии №1</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya V. Pervishko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics No. 1</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ole-pervishko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9698-3942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларина</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larina</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ларина Виктория Геннадьевна, ординатор кафедры педиатрии</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria G. Larina, Resident of the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-7911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федотова Марина Михайловна, доцент кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina М. Fedotova, Associate Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics with the course of Pediatric Diseases of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0728-5825</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьева</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyeva</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопьева Валерия Дмитриевна, ассистент кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya D. Prokopyeva, Assistant of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics with the course of pediatric diseases of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шегай</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shegai</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шегай Людмила Валерьевна, врач-педиатр поликлиники №5</p><p>634003, Томск, ул. Кривая, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Shegai, Pediatrician of polyclinic No. 5</p><p>31, Krivaya St., Tomsk, 634003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirika77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозжухина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozzhukhina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мозжухина Мария Владимировна, аналитик управления координации научных исследований</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Mozzhukhina, Analyst at the Office for the Coordination of Scientific Research</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rmapo@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Нобиас Технолоджис»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nobias Technologies LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская больница № 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s City Hospital No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><elocation-id>163–172</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Кошечкин С.И., Одинцова В.Е., Романов В.А., Попенко А.С., Первишко О.В., Ларина В.Г., Федотова М.М., Прокопьева В.Д., Шегай Л.В., Мозжухина М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Кошечкин С.И., Одинцова В.Е., Романов В.А., Попенко А.С., Первишко О.В., Ларина В.Г., Федотова М.М., Прокопьева В.Д., Шегай Л.В., Мозжухина М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Koshechkin S.I., Odintsova V.Е., Romanov V.A., Popenko A.S., Pervishko O.V., Larina V.G., Fedotova M.M., Prokopyeva V.D., Shegai L.V., Mozzhukhina M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8441">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8441</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. На долю острых респираторных инфекций приходится большинство амбулаторных посещений педиатров и госпитализаций, особенно в период сезонного подъема заболеваемости.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние пробиотика Бак-Сет Колд/Флю на клинические проявления и тяжесть течения острых респираторных инфекций (ОРИ) в рамках стандартной симптоматической терапии в периоды повышенной заболеваемости (ноябрь 2023 – март 2024).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Данное исследование было открытым наблюдательным мультицентровым. Количество исследуемых составило 234 человека: 111 добровольцев в первой группе (опытной) и 123 добровольца во второй группе (контрольной) в возрасте от 2 до 10 лет включительно (средний возраст – 5,79 года) с диагнозом «ОРИ». Пациенты первой группы принимали препарат Бак-Сет Колд/Флю на фоне стандартной симптоматической терапии, пациенты второй группы получали симптоматическую терапию. Статистический анализ был выполнен с использованием языка программирования R.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Применение пробиотика достоверно снижало риск развития осложнений и необходимость назначения антибиотикотерапии более чем в три раза (5% в группе пробиотика против 17% в группе контроля). Выявлена достоверная разница в общей продолжительности заболевания (максимальный срок от первого симптома лихорадки до факта полного выздоровления – отсутствия лихорадки в течение 48 ч) между группами (тест Манна – Уитни, p-value = 0,017). В опытной группе средняя продолжительность заболевания составила 6,2 ± 3,7 дня, в контрольной – 7,2 ± 3,1 дня. Выявлена статистически значимая разница в продолжительности лихорадки (тест Манна – Уитни, p-value = 0,006); в контрольной группе в среднем лихорадка наблюдалась дольше на 1 день. Медиана максимальной температуры в группе пробиотика уже на 2-м визите была на 0,5 градуса ниже в сравнении с контрольной. Применение пробиотика не влияло на симптомы кашля, заложенности носа и цвета выделений из носа, однако была зарегистрирована тенденция влияния препарата на симптомы боли в горле.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Применение пробиотика снизило длительность заболевания и лихорадки, количество осложнений и необходимость назначения антибиотикотерапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Acute respiratory infections cover majority of pediatric outpatient visits and hospitalizations, especially during the cold and flu epidemic season.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the effect of Baс-Set Cold/Flu probiotic on the clinical manifestations and severity of acute respiratory infections (ARI) along with standard symptomatic therapy during periods of increased morbidity (November 2023 – March 2024).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This study was an open-label, observational, multicenter study. The number of subjects was 234: 111 volunteers in the first group (experimental) and 123 volunteers in the second group (control) aged from 2 to 10 years inclusive (mean age 5.79) with a diagnosis of ARI. Patients of the first group took Bac-Set  Cold/Flu probiotic along with standard symptomatic therapy in comparison with control group which took a standard symptomatic therapy only. Statistical analysis was performed using the R programming language.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The use of probiotic significantly reduced the number of complications and the prescription of antibiotic therapy by more than three times (5% in the probiotic group versus 17% in the control group). A significant difference was revealed in the total duration of the disease (the maximum period from the first symptom of fever to the fact of complete recovery, – absence of fever within last 48 hours) between groups (Mann- Whitney test, p-value = 0.017). In the experimental group, the average duration of illness was 6.2 ± 3.7 days, in the control group – 7.2 ± 3.1 days. A statistically significant difference in the duration of fever was also revealed (Mann-Whitney  test, p-value = 0.006). In the control group, on average, fever lasted 1 day longer. The median maximum temperature in the probiotic group was 0.5 degrees lower at the 2nd visit compared to the control group. The use of the probiotic did not affect the symptoms of cough, nasal congestion and the color of nasal discharge, but a trend was recorded for the effect on the symptoms of sore throat.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of a probiotic reduced the number of complications and the prescription of antibiotic therapy by more than three times, the duration of the disease and fever.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>острые респираторные заболевания</kwd><kwd>ОРИ</kwd><kwd>пробиотик</kwd><kwd>лихорадка</kwd><kwd>кашель</kwd><kwd>исследование</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>Бак-Сет Колд/Флю</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory infection</kwd><kwd>URTI</kwd><kwd>probiotic</kwd><kwd>fever</kwd><kwd>cough</kwd><kwd>research</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>Bac-Set Cold/Flu</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова ИН, Бережная ИВ, Климов ЛЯ, Касьянова АН, Дедикова ОВ, Кольцов КА. Пробиотики при респираторных заболеваниях: есть ли пути взаимодействия и перспективы применения? Медицинский совет. 2019;(2):173–182. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2019-2-173-182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova IN, Berezhnaya IV, Klimov LY, Kasyanova AN, Dedikova OV, Koltsov KA. Probiotics in the management of respiratory diseases: ways of interaction and therapeutic perspectives. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2019;(2):173–182. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079701X-2019-2-173-182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rueda ZV, Aguilar Y, Maya MA, López L, Restrepo A, Garcés C et al. Etiology and the challenge of diagnostic testing of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents. BMC Pediatr. 2022;31;22(1):169. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03235-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rueda 	 ZV, Aguilar Y, Maya MA, López L, Restrepo A, Garcés C et al. Etiology and the challenge of diagnostic testing of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents. BMC Pediatr. 2022;31;22(1):169. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03235-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wahab S, Almaghaslah D, Mahmood SE, Ahmad MF, Alsayegh AA, Abu Haddash YM et al. Pharmacological Efficacy of Probiotics in Respiratory Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review. J Pers Med. 2022;12(8):1292. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wahab S, Almaghaslah D, Mahmood SE, Ahmad MF, Alsayegh AA, Abu Haddash YM et al. Pharmacological Efficacy of Probiotics in Respiratory Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review. J Pers Med. 2022;12(8):1292. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shahbazi R, Yasavoli-Sharahi H, Alsadi N, Ismail N, Matar C. Probiotics in Treatment of Viral Respiratory Infections and Neuroinflammatory Disorders. Molecules. 2020;25(21):4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shahbazi  R, Yasavoli-Sharahi H, Alsadi N, Ismail N, Matar C. Probiotics in Treatment of Viral Respiratory Infections and Neuroinflammatory Disorders. Molecules. 2020;25(21):4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao Y, Dong BR, Hao Q. Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;8(8):CD006895. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006895.pub4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao Y, Dong BR, Hao Q. Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;8(8):CD006895. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006895.pub4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Araujo GV, Oliveira Junior MH, Peixoto DM, Sarinho ES. Probiotics for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory-tract infections in children: systematic review based on randomized clinical trials. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015;91(5):413–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2015.03.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Araujo GV, Oliveira Junior MH, Peixoto DM, Sarinho ES. Probiotics for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory-tract infections in children: systematic review based on randomized clinical trials. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015;91(5):413–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2015.03.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">King S, Glanville J, Sanders ME, Fitzgerald A, Varley D. ffectiveness of probiotics on the duration of illness in healthy children and adults who develop common acute respiratory infectious conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. 2014;112(1):41–54. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514000075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">King S, Glanville J, Sanders ME, Fitzgerald A, Varley D. ffectiveness of probiotics on the duration of illness in healthy children and adults who develop common acute respiratory infectious conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. 2014;112(1):41–54. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514000075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laursen RP, Hojsak I. Probiotics for respiratory tract infections in children attending day care centers-a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2018;177(7):979–994. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-018-3167-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laursen RP, Hojsak I. Probiotics for respiratory tract infections in children attending day care centers-a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2018;177(7):979–994. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-018-3167-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чеботарева ТА. Кишечная микробиота и иммунитет. Возможности мульти-штаммовых пробиотиков в коррекции иммунного статуса у детей. Медицинский совет. 2021;(11):156–164. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-11-156-164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chebotareva TA. Intestinal microbiota and immunity. Possibilities of multistrain probiotics in the correction of immune status in children. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2021;(11):156–164. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-11-156-164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maftei N-M, Raileanu CR, Balta AA, Ambrose L, Boev M, Marin DB, Lisa EL. The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties. Microorganisms. 2024;12(2):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maftei N-M, Raileanu CR, Balta AA, Ambrose L, Boev M, Marin DB, Lisa EL. The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting  Properties. Microorganisms. 2024;12(2):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова ИН, Сугян НГ. Пробиотики для профилактики острых респираторных инфекций у детей: возможности применения. Медицинский совет. 2021;(1):254–260. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-1-254-260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova IN, Sugyan NG. Probiotics for prevention of acute respiratory infections in children: therapeutic potential. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2021;(1):254–260. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-1-254-260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hou K, Wu ZX, Chen XY, Wang JQ, Zhang D, Xiao C et al. Microbiota in health and diseases. Sig Transduct Target Ther. 2022;7(1):135. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00974-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hou K, Wu ZX, Chen XY, Wang JQ, Zhang D, Xiao C et al. Microbiota in health and diseases. Sig Transduct Target Ther. 2022;7(1):135. 	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00974-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berg G, Rybakova D, Fischer D, Cernava T, Vergès MC, Charles T et al. Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges. Microbiome. 2020;8(1):103. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00905-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berg 	 G, Rybakova D, Fischer D, Cernava T, Vergès MC, Charles T et al. Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges. Microbiome. 2020;8(1):103. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00905-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларькова ИА, Ревякина ВА. Инновационный подход к профилактике и лечению острых респираторных инфекций у детей. Медицинский совет. 2022;(6):144–150. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-6-144-150.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larkova IA, Revyakina VA. An innovative approach to the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in children. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2022;(6): 144–150. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-6-144-150.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
