medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2024-203medsovet-8454Research ArticleШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРАPEDIATRICIAN SCHOOLИзменчивость кишечной микробиоты у детей при заболеваниях неинфекционного генезаVariability of the intestinal microbiota in children with of noninfectious diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-5387ТурдиеваШ. Т.TurdievaSh. T.

Турдиева Шохида Толкуновна, д.м.н., доцент кафедры семейной медицины №1

100140, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Shokhida T. Turdieva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Family Medicine No. 1

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

shohidahon69@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-4091ГаниеваД. К.GaniyevaD. K.

Ганиева Дурдона Камаловна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры семейной медицины №1

100140, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Durdona K. Ganiyeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Family Medicine No. 1

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

durdona.ganieva.63@mail.ruАбдурашидоваХ. Б.AbdurashidovaKh. B.

Абдурашидова Холида Ботир кизи, клинический ординатор кафедры анестезиологии с реаниматологией, детской анестезиологии с реаниматологией

100140, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Kholidahon B. Abdurashidova, Clinical Resident of the Department of Anesthesiology with Resuscitation, Pediatric Anesthesiology with Resuscitation

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институтУзбекистанTashkent Pediatric Medical InstituteUzbekistan202412082024011285–291Copyright © Турдиева Ш.Т., Ганиева Д.К., Абдурашидова Х.Б., 20242024Турдиева Ш.Т., Ганиева Д.К., Абдурашидова Х.Б.Turdieva S.T., Ganiyeva D.K., Abdurashidova K.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8454

Обзорная статья посвящена проблеме особенностей изменчивости микробиоты кишечника у детей при различных заболеваниях желудочно-кишечного тракта неинфекционного генеза, что является одним из актуальных направлений современной детской гастроэнтерологии. В практической педиатрии в ходе лечения неинфекционных заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта врачи часто не учитывают влияние медикаментозных препаратов на микробиоту кишечника, в связи с чем в последующем развиваются осложнения в функциональной деятельности в данной системе, что зачастую расценивается как отдельная, невзаимосвязанная патология. Проанализированы научные работы российских и зарубежных авторов, посвященные изучению изменчивости микробиоты кишечника у детей при неинфекционных заболеваниях различного генеза. Отмечено, что при неинфекционных воспалительных процессах в результате эндогенных и экзогенных факторов наблюдается уменьшение количества и качественного состава микроорганизмов, в основном продуцирующих короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты, что влияет на течение основного заболевания. При этом открытым остается вопрос рационального назначения биотехнологических и геннотерапевтических лекарственных препаратов совместно с традиционными, содержащими живые бактерии и вещества и обеспечивающими необходимые условия для роста и развития нормальной микробиоты кишечника (про-, пре-, син- и симбиотики). Анализ научной литературы показал, что у детей при неинфекционных заболеваниях желудочно-кишечного тракта различного генеза наблюдается уменьшение количественного состава микробиоты кишечника за счет микроорганизмов, продуцирующих короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты, таких как Clostridium spp. и Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, на фоне уменьшения пробиотических бактерий. Данные изменения ведут к диспропорции качественного состава микробиоты кишечника. Следовательно, таким пациентам следует назначать биопрепараты, содержащие Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides и Bifidobacteria.

The review article is devoted to the problem of the variability of the intestinal microbiota in children with various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of non-infectious origin, which is one of the current areas of modern pediatric gastroenterology. More often, in practical pediatrics, during the treatment of non-infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, doctors often do not prescribe medications for the intestinal microbiota. In connection with this, complications subsequently develop in functional activity in this system, which is most often classified as a separate, unrelated pathology. The scientific articles by Russian and foreign authors devoted to the study of intestinal microbiota variability in children with non-infectious diseases of various origins were analyzed. According to the results of the study, it was noted that in non-infectious inflammatory processes, as a result of endogenous and exogenous factors, there is a decrease in the quantity and quality of microorganisms, mainly producing SCFA, which affects the course of the underlying disease. At the same time, the question of rational prescription of biotechnological and gene therapeutic drugs, together with traditional drugs containing live bacteria and substances that provide the necessary conditions for the growth and development of normal intestinal microbiota (pro-, pre-, syn- and symbiotics), also remains open. Analysis of scientific and literary data has shown that in children with non-infectious gastrointestinal diseases of various origins, there is a decrease in the quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota due to microorganisms producing SCFA, such as Clostridium spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, against the background of a decrease in probiotic bacteria. These changes lead to disproportions in the qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, these patients should be treated with biologics containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Bifidobacteria.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.