medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2024-271medsovet-8504Research ArticleАЛЛЕРГОЛОГИЯALLERGOLOGYЧастота и особенности аллергических заболеваний при экологической патологииThe frequency and features of allergic diseases in environmental pathologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-354XБолотоваЕ. В.BolotovaE. V.

Болотова Елена Валентиновна - д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры терапии №1 факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов.

350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Elena V. Bolotova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Therapy No. 1 of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Specialists, Kuban State Medical University.

4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063

bolotowa_e@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-7831ДудниковаА. В.DudnikovaA. V.

Дудникова Анна Валерьевна - к.м.н., врач-терапевт высшей квалификационной категории клиники.

350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Anna V. Dudnikova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), General Practitioner of the Highest Qualification Category of the Clinic, Kuban State Medical University.

4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063

avdudnikova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-5247ОноприевВ. В.OnoprievV. V.

Оноприев Владимир Владимирович - д.м.н., профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и функциональной диагностики факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов, начальник научно-организационного управления.

350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Vladimir V. Onopriev - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Functional Diagnostics of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Specialists, Head of the Scientific and Organizational Department, Kuban State Medical University.

4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063

onoprievvv@ksma.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-6064БатраковаЛ. В.BatrakovaL. V.

Батракова Любовь Викторовна - старший преподаватель кафедры профильных гигиенических дисциплин, эпидемиологии и общей гигиены, инженер по планированию научно-исследовательских работ I категории научно-организационного управления.

350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Lubov V. Batrakova - Senior Lecturer at the Department of Specialized Hygienic Disciplines, Epidemiology and General Hygiene, Research Planning Engineer of the I Category of Scientific and Organizational Management, Kuban State Medical University.

4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063

batrakovalv@ksma.ruКубанский государственный медицинский университетРоссияKuban State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202402092024013108113Copyright © Болотова Е.В., Дудникова А.В., Оноприев В.В., Батракова Л.В., 20242024Болотова Е.В., Дудникова А.В., Оноприев В.В., Батракова Л.В.Bolotova E.V., Dudnikova A.V., Onopriev V.V., Batrakova L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8504Введение

Введение. Изучение влияния токсикантов внешней среды на частоту аллергических заболеваний является значимой медико-социальной проблемой.

Цель

Цель. Изучить частоту и особенности аллергической патологии у пациентов с синдромом множественной химической чувствительности (МХЧ).

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проанкетированы при помощи опросника QEESI 468 амбулаторных пациентов, проходивших профилактический медицинский осмотр (мужчины - 232, средний возраст 34,2 ± 9,3 года и женщины - 236, средний возраст 42,9 ± 13,8 года). Статистическая обработка проведена с использованием статистической программы MedCalc.

Результаты

Результаты. Частота МХЧ составила 211 человек (45,1%). Аллергические заболевания зарегистрированы у 21,0 % (102) пациентов: аллергический ринит - у 24 (44,4%), бронхиальная астма - у 13 (22,2%), пищевая аллергия - у 9 (16,6%), атопический дерматит - у 8 (14,8%) пациентов. Выявлены достоверные различия по субшкале влияния на жизнь у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой (р = 0,01), пищевой аллергией (р = 0,01), атопическим дерматитом (р = 0,01). Средние баллы по всем пунктам опросника у пациентов с МХЧ и аллергическими заболеваниями были значимо выше, чем у группы с изолированным синдромом МХЧ (р = 0,01). Среди пациентов с аллергией число женщин было достоверно выше (74,9% против 25,1%, р = 0,01), женщины чаще имели высокие баллы по каждой из трех субшкал по сравнению с мужчинами: 25% против 10% (p = 0,001) - по химической непереносимости, 29% против 10% (p = 0,001) - по тяжести симптомов и 22% против 5% (p = 0,001) - по влиянию на жизнь.

Выводы

Выводы. У 25,6% пациентов с МХЧ имелись аллергические заболевания: бронхиальная астма, аллергический ринит, пищевая аллергия, атопический дерматит. Выявлены достоверные различия по субшкале влияния на жизнь у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой, пищевой аллергией и атопическим дерматитом.

Introduction

Introduction. The study of the influence of environmental toxicants on the incidence of allergic diseases is a significant medical and social problem.

Aim

Aim. To study the frequency and characteristics of allergic pathology in patients with multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome (MCH).

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Using the QEESI questionnaire, 468 outpatients undergoing a preventive medical examination were surveyed (232 men, mean age 34.2 ± 9.3 years and 236 women, mean age 42.9 ± 13.8 years). Statistical processing was carried out using the statistical program MedCalc. The relationships and differences in the indicators were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

Results

Results. The frequency of MCH was 211 people (45.1%). Allergic diseases were found in the study in 21.0% (102) of patients: allergic rhinitis in 24 (44.4%), asthma in 13 (22.2%), food allergy in 9 (16.6%), atopic dermatitis in 8 (14.8%) patients. Significant differences in the subscale of the effect on life were revealed in patients with bronchial asthma (p = 0.01), food allergies (p = 0.01), atopic dermatitis (p = 0.01). The average scores on all points in patients with MCH and allergic diseases were significantly higher than in the group with isolated MCH syndrome (p = 0.01). Among patients with allergies, the number of women was significantly higher (74.9% vs. 25.1%, p = 0.01), women more often had high scores for each of the three subscales compared with men: 25% vs. 10% (p = 0.001) for chemical intolerance, 29% vs. 10% (p = 0.001) in terms of severity of symptoms and 22% versus 5% (p = 0.001) in terms of impact on life.

Conclusion

Conclusion. 25.6% of patients with HCV had allergic diseases: asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis. Significant differences in the subscale of life effects in patients with bronchial asthma, food allergies and atopic dermatitis were revealed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.