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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-407</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8592</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМОРБИДНЫЙ ПАЦИЕНТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMORBID PATIENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимосвязь метаболического синдрома  и кишечной микробиоты: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The relationship between  metabolic syndrome and intestinal microbiota: a review of the literature</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9332-7326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Анита Никитична, студент</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anita N. Baranova, Student</p><p>6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nita.nova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1635-1374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глушко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glushko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глушко Ольга Николаевна, ординатор по специальности «хирургия»</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Glushko, Resident in the Specialty “Surgery”</p><p>2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olchic_gl1207@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9292-165X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Валерия Павловна, студент</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria P. Vasilyeva, Student</p><p>2, Litovskaya St., St Petersburg, 194100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valeriavas19@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9790-0416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова Мария Анатольевна, студент</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Fedorova, Student</p><p>41, Kirochnaya St., St Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">masha.2206@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1913-5146</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Володина Александра Валерьевна, студент</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Volodina, Student</p><p>6–8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vol.sasha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-3443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раевский</surname><given-names>К. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raevskiy</surname><given-names>K. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раевский Кирилл Павлович, ординатор по специальности «кардиология»</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill P. Raevskiy, Resident in the Specialty “Сardiology”</p><p>6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sicarius001@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St Petersburg State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>15</issue><elocation-id>232–240</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранова А.Н., Глушко О.Н., Васильева В.П., Федорова М.А., Володина А.В., Раевский К.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранова А.Н., Глушко О.Н., Васильева В.П., Федорова М.А., Володина А.В., Раевский К.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranova A.N., Glushko O.N., Vasilyeva V.P., Fedorova M.A., Volodina A.V., Raevskiy K.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8592">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8592</self-uri><abstract><p>Метаболический синдром – патологическое состояние, включающее в себя ожирение, повышенный уровень глюкозы крови, артериальную гипертензию и дислипидемию и являющееся глобальной проблемой современности. По данным исследования INTERHEART, метаболический синдром встречается более чем у 26% населения мира. В РФ у 40% проживающих имеются два составляющих компонента метаболического синдрома, у 11% – 3 и более. Помимо общеизвестных факторов риска развития метаболического синдрома, таких как генетическая предрасположенность, избыточное питание, гиподинамия, гормональные нарушения и др., в последние годы все большее внимание отводится изучению кишечной микробиоты и влиянию ее на метаболический синдром. Так, например, сравнение кишечной микробиоты людей с нормальным ИМТ и ожирением продемонстрировало различную видовую принадлежность микроорганизмов, заселяющих наш желудочно-кишечный тракт. Анализируя пациентов с диагнозом «Сахарный диабет 2-го типа», можно отметить уменьшение количества бутират-продуцирующих бактерий (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii и Roseburia), изменяющих чувствительность инсулина к тканям организма. Некоторые виды Lactobacillus способны нормализовать липидный обмен, снижать количество адипоцитов, уменьшать всасывание холестерина путем превращения его в нерастворимый копростанол. У пациентов с артериальной гипертензией отмечается дисбактериоз I и II степени, при артериальной гипертензии с метаболическим синдромом – отсутствие дисбактериоза I степени и наличие дисбактериоза II и III степеней с превалированием условно-патогенных форм. Понимание роли микробиоты кишечника становится ключевым элементом не только в диагностике, но и в разработке эффективных методов лечения и применении их в комплексном лечении метаболического синдрома. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metabolic syndrome is a pathological condition that includes obesity, elevated blood glucose levels, hypertension and dyslipidemia. This comorbid condition is a global problem of our time. According to the INTERHEART study, metabolic syndrome occurs in more than 26% of the world’s population. In the Russian Federation, 40% of residents have 2 components of the metabolic syndrome, 11% have 3 or more of its components. In addition to well-known risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome, such as genetic predisposition, overeating, physical inactivity, hormonal disorders and others, in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the study of the intestinal microbiota and its effect on the metabolic syndrome. For example, a comparison of the intestinal microbiota of people with normal BMI and obesity showed different species of microorganisms inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract. Analyzing patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus we can note a decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia) that modify insulin sensitivity to body tissues. Some species of Lactobacillus are able to normalize lipid metabolism, reduce the number of adipocytes, reduce the absorption of cholesterol by converting it into insoluble coprostanol. In patients with arterial hypertension there is dysbacteriosis of I and II degree, in arterial hypertension with metabolic syndrome – absence of dysbacteriosis of I degree and presence of dysbacteriosis of II and III degrees, with prevalence of opportunistic forms. Understanding the role of intestinal microbiota becomes a key element not only in diagnosis, but also in the development of effective treatment methods and their application in complex treatment of metabolic syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>дисбактериоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>dyslipidemia</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>dysbiosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berberich AJ, Hegele RA. A modern approach to dyslipidemia. Endocr Rev. 2022;43(4):611–653. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab037.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berberich AJ, Hegele RA. A modern approach to dyslipidemia. 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