<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-458</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8678</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>COVID-19</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение подогретой гелий-кислородной смеси у пациентов с тяжелой формой COVID-19 и острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом на фоне стандартной терапии и неинвазивной вентиляции легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of a heated helium-oxygen mixture in patients with severe COVID-19 and ARDS against the background of standard therapy and noninvasive ventilation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-4906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуралиева</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nuralieva</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуралиева Галиа Сериковна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); научный сотрудник лаборатории интенсивной терапии и дыхательной недостаточности, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galiya S. Nuralieva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Researcher, Laboratory of Intensive Therapy and Respiratory Failure, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galia32@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-0091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмидт</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmidt</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шмидт Анна Евгеньевна - ассистент кафедры пульмонологии.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna E. Shmidt - Assistant of the Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_e_schmidt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1484-092X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярошецкий</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaroshetskiy</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярошецкий Андрей Игоревич - д.м.н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey I. Yaroshetskiy - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Pulmonology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.intensivist@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9509-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неклюдова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekludova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неклюдова Галина Васильевна - д.м.н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА России.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Nekludova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Pulmonology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Functional and Ultrasound Research Methods, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nekludova_gala@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5999-2150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнитдинова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaynitdinova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайнитдинова Вилия Вилевна - д.м.н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viliya V. Gaynitdinova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Pulmonology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivv_08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9357-4924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsareva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Царева Наталья Анатольевна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); научный сотрудник лаборатории интенсивной терапии и дыхательной недостаточности, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Tsareva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Researcher, Laboratory of Intensive Therapy and Respiratory Failure, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_tsareva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-5000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мержоева</surname><given-names>З. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzhoeva</surname><given-names>Z. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мержоева Замира Магомедовна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии, заведующая отделением пульмонологии Университетской клинической больницы.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zamira M. Merzhoeva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Pulmonology Department, Head of the Department of Pulmonology at the University Clinical Hospital, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zamira.merzhoeva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5536-9388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикина</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikina</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чикина Светлана Юрьевна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Yu. Chikina - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Pulmonology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svch@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0685-4133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трушенко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trushenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трушенко Наталья Владимировна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); научный сотрудник клинической лаборатории, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Trushenko - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Researcher, Laboratory of Intensive Therapy and Respiratory Failure, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trushenko.natalia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-3497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеев Иван Сергеевич - студент Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Avdeev - Student, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivan.avdeev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5999-2150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеев Сергей Николаевич - академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); руководитель клинического отдела, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Avdeev - Acad. RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Pulmonology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Head of the Clinical Department, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg_avdeev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>20</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нуралиева Г.С., Шмидт А.Е., Ярошецкий А.И., Неклюдова Г.В., Гайнитдинова В.В., Царева Н.А., Мержоева З.М., Чикина С.Ю., Трушенко Н.В., Авдеев И.С., Авдеев С.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нуралиева Г.С., Шмидт А.Е., Ярошецкий А.И., Неклюдова Г.В., Гайнитдинова В.В., Царева Н.А., Мержоева З.М., Чикина С.Ю., Трушенко Н.В., Авдеев И.С., Авдеев С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nuralieva G.S., Shmidt A.E., Yaroshetskiy A.I., Nekludova G.V., Gaynitdinova V.V., Tsareva N.A., Merzhoeva Z.M., Chikina S.Y., Trushenko N.V., Avdeev I.S., Avdeev S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8678">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8678</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из недостаточно изученных методов терапии острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома (ОРДС) является терапия подогретой гелий-кислородной смесью. Благодаря своим физико-химическим свойствам, гелий демонстрирует высокую эффективность в лечении различных заболеваний пульмонологического профиля.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние подогретой гелий-кислородной смеси на течение тяжелой формы COVID-19, протекающей с развитием ОРДС.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 58 пациентов с тяжелым и крайне тяжелым течением коронавирусной инфекции и ОРДС, разделенные на группу НВЛ + t-He/O2 (n = 30) и группу контроля НВЛ + O2 (n = 28). Пациенты группы НВЛ + t-He/O2, кроме стандартного лечения согласно клиническим рекомендациям, получали неинвазивную вентиляцию легких (НВЛ) и терапию подогретой гелий-кислородной смесью. В основной группе ингаляции проходили ежедневно по 60 мин в сутки в течение 5 дней.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На фоне терапии подогретой гелий-кислородной смесью наблюдался более интенсивный прирост уровня лимфоцитов: 1,39 (1,09-1,66) х 109/л в группе НВЛ+t-He/О2 против 1,02 (0,78-1,40) х 109/л (р = 0,02). Также в результате лечения наблюдалось достоверное снижение ЧДД, D-димера и СРБ в исследуемой группе: уровень ЧДД (21 (20-22)/мин против 22,5 (21-24)/мин, р = 0,003), D-димер (0,44 (0,29-0,60) FEU нг/мл против 0,79 (0,42-1,34) FEU нг/мл, р = 0,02) и СРБ (1,1 (0,7-3,1) мг/л против 16,6 (8,5-29,5) мг/л, р = 0,03) соответственно. Аналогично в группе НВЛ+t-Не/О2 отмечено повышение уровня РаО2 и индекса оксигенации. Помимо этого, в группе НВЛ+t-He/O2 стало статистически значимо меньше пациентов с поражением легких III и IV степени по сравнению с контролем (р = 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Применение подогретой гелий-кислородной смеси у пациентов с тяжелой формой COVID-19, протекающей с развитием ОРДС, на фоне стандартной терапии и НВЛ показало свою безопасность и эффективность: отмечено уменьшение интенсивности воспаления, улучшение оксигенации крови пациентов и сокращение потребности в проведении респираторной поддержки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the insufficiently studied methods of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) therapy is therapy with a heated helium-oxygen mixture. Due to physico-chemical properties, helium demonstrates high efficiency in the treatment of various diseases of the pulmonological profile.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effect of a heated helium-oxygen mixture on the course of a severe form of COVID-19 occurring with the development of ARDS.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involved 58 patients with severe and extremely severe coronavirus infection and ARDS, divided into the NVL + t-He/O2 group (n = 30) and the NVL+O2 control group (n = 28). In addition to standard treatment, patients of the NVL + t-He/O2 group received noninvasive ventilation (NVL) and therapy with a heated helium-oxygen mixture, according to clinical recommendations. In the main group, inhalations took place daily for 60 minutes per day for 5 days.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Against the background of therapy with a heated helium-oxygen mixture, a more intense increase in the level of lymphocytes was observed: 1.39 (1.09-1.66) x 109/l in the NVL + t-He/O2 group versus 1.02 (0.78-1.40) x 109/l (p = 0.02). Also, as a result of treatment, there was a significant decrease in RR, D-dimer and CRP in the study group: the level of RR (21 (20-22)/minute versus 22.5 (21-24)/minute, p = 0.003), D-dimer (0.44 (0.29-0.60) FEU ng/ml versus 0.79 (0.42-1.34) FEU ng/ml, p = 0.02) and CRP (1.1 (0.7-3.1)mg/l versus 16.6 (8.5-29.5) mg/l, p = 0.03), respectively. Similarly to the NVL + t-He/O2 group, an increase in the level of PaO2 and the oxygenation index was noted. In addition, there were significantly fewer patients with grade III and IV lung damage in the NVL + t-He/O2 group compared with the control (p = 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of a heated helium-oxygen mixture in patients with severe COVID-19, occurring with the development of ARDS, against the background of standard therapy and NIV has shown its safety and effectiveness: there was a decrease in the intensity of inflammation, improved oxygenation and a reduction in the need for respiratory support.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подогретая гелий-кислородная смесь</kwd><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>неинвазивная вентиляция легких</kwd><kwd>антибактериальный эффект</kwd><kwd>противовирусный эффект</kwd><kwd>ОРДС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heated helium-oxygen mixture</kwd><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>noninvasive ventilation</kwd><kwd>antibacterial effect</kwd><kwd>antiviral effect</kwd><kwd>ARDS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harris PD, Barnes R. The uses of helium and xenon in current clinical practice. Anaesthesia. 2008;63(3):284-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05253.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harris PD, Barnes R. The uses of helium and xenon in current clinical practice. Anaesthesia. 2008;63(3):284-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05253.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kass JE, Terregino CA. The effect of heliox in acute severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Chest. 1999;116(2):296-300. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.116.2.296.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kass JE, Terregino CA. The effect of heliox in acute severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Chest. 1999;116(2):296-300. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.116.2.296.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петриков СС, Журавель СВ, Шогенова ЛВ, Гаврилов ПВ, Уткина ИИ, Варфоломеев СД и др. Термическая гелий-кислородная смесь в лечебном алгоритме больных с COVID-19. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2020;75(5S):353-362. https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn1412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrikov SS, Zhuravel SV, Shogenova LV, Gavrilov PV, Utkina II, Varfolomeev SD et al. Thermal Helium-Oxygen Mixture as Part of a Treatment Protocol for Patients with COVID-19. Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2020;75(5S):353-362. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn1412.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hess DR, Acosta FL, Ritz RH, Kacmarek RM, Camargo CAJr. The effect of heliox on nebulizer function using a beta-agonist bronchodilator. Chest. 1999;115(1):184-189. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.1.184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hess DR, Acosta FL, Ritz RH, Kacmarek RM, Camargo CAJr. The effect of heliox on nebulizer function using a beta-agonist bronchodilator. Chest. 1999;115(1):184-189. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.1.184.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bag R, Bandi V, Fromm RE Jr, Guntupalli KK. The effect of heliox-driven bronchodilator aerosol therapy on pulmonary function tests in patients with asthma. J Asthma. 2002;39(7):659-665. https://doi.org/10.1081/jas-120014931.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bag R, Bandi V, Fromm RE Jr, Guntupalli KK. The effect of heliox-driven bronchodilator aerosol therapy on pulmonary function tests in patients with asthma. J Asthma. 2002;39(7):659-665. https://doi.org/10.1081/jas-120014931.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bandi V, Velamuri S, Sirgi C, Wendt J, Wendt R, Guntupalli K. Deposition pattern of heliox-driven bronchodilator aerosol in the airways of stable asthmatics. J Asthma. 2005;42(7):583-586. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770900500216135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bandi V, Velamuri S, Sirgi C, Wendt J, Wendt R, Guntupalli K. Deposition pattern of heliox-driven bronchodilator aerosol in the airways of stable asthmatics. J Asthma. 2005;42(7):583-586. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770900500216135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berganza CJ, Zhang JH. The role of helium gas in medicine. Med Gas Res. 2013;3(1):18. https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-9912-3-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berganza CJ, Zhang JH. The role of helium gas in medicine. Med Gas Res. 2013;3(1):18. https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-9912-3-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myers TR. Use of heliox in children. Respir Care. 2006;51(6):619-631. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16723039.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myers TR. Use of heliox in children. Respir Care. 2006;51(6):619-631. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16723039.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frazier MD, Cheifetz IM. The role of heliox in paediatric respiratory disease. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2010;11(1):46-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2009.10.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frazier MD, Cheifetz IM. The role of heliox in paediatric respiratory disease. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2010;11(1):46-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2009.10.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kass JE, Castriotta RJ. Heliox therapy in acute severe asthma. Chest. 1995;107(3):757-760. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.107.3.757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kass JE, Castriotta RJ. Heliox therapy in acute severe asthma. Chest. 1995;107(3):757-760. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.107.3.757.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gluck EH, Onorato DJ, Castriotta R. Helium-oxygen mixtures in intubated patients with status asthmaticus and respiratory acidosis. Chest. 1990;98(3):693-698. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.98.3.693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gluck EH, Onorato DJ, Castriotta R. Helium-oxygen mixtures in intubated patients with status asthmaticus and respiratory acidosis. Chest. 1990;98(3):693-698. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.98.3.693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eves ND, Sandmeyer LC, Wong EY, Jones LW, MacDonald GF, Ford GT et al. Helium-hyperoxia: a novel intervention to improve the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD. Chest. 2009;135(3):609-618. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-1517.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eves ND, Sandmeyer LC, Wong EY, Jones LW, MacDonald GF, Ford GT et al. Helium-hyperoxia: a novel intervention to improve the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD. Chest. 2009;135(3):609-618. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-1517.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gainnier M, Forel JM. Clinical review: use of helium-oxygen in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2006;10(6):241. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc5104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gainnier M, Forel JM. Clinical review: use of helium-oxygen in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2006;10(6):241. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc5104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tamburro RF, Jenkins TL, Kochanek PM. Strategic Planning for Research in Pediatric Critical Care. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016;17(11):e539-e542. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000000946.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tamburro RF, Jenkins TL, Kochanek PM. Strategic Planning for Research in Pediatric Critical Care. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016;17(11):e539-e542. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000000946.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чучалин АГ, Гусев ЕИ, Краснопольский ВИ, Петрухин ВА, Мартынов МЮ, Ильенко ЛИ и др. Применение термического гелиокса (t He/O2) в лечении больных с дыхательной недостаточностью (синдромом дыхательных расстройств): клинические рекомендации. М.; 2018. Режим доступа: https://spulmo.ru/download/geliox2018.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чучалин АГ, Гусев ЕИ, Краснопольский ВИ, Петрухин ВА, Мартынов МЮ, Ильенко ЛИ и др. Применение термического гелиокса (t He/O2) в лечении больных с дыхательной недостаточностью (синдромом дыхательных расстройств): клинические рекомендации. М.; 2018. Режим доступа: https://spulmo.ru/download/geliox2018.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber NC, Preckel B. Gaseous mediators: an updated review on the effects of helium beyond blowing up balloons. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2019;7(1):73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-019-0288-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber NC, Preckel B. Gaseous mediators: an updated review on the effects of helium beyond blowing up balloons. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2019;7(1):73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-019-0288-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nawab US, Touch SM, Irwin-Sherman T, Blackson TJ, Greenspan JS, Zhu G et al. Heliox attenuates lung inflammation and structural alterations in acute lung injury. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005;40(6):524-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.20304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nawab US, Touch SM, Irwin-Sherman T, Blackson TJ, Greenspan JS, Zhu G et al. Heliox attenuates lung inflammation and structural alterations in acute lung injury. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005;40(6):524-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.20304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грачев ИН, Богомолов БН, Щеголев АВ, Макаренко ЕП, Ершов ЕН. Особенности биомеханики дыхания при искусственной вентиляции лёгких гелиево-кислородной смесью в режиме управления давлением. Казанский медицинский журнал. 2019;100(3):445-450. https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2019-445.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grachev IN, Bogomolov BN, Shchegolev AV, Makarenko EP, Ershov EN. Features of respiration biomechanics at mechanical pressure-controlled helium-oxygen ventilation. Kazan Medical Journal. 2019;100(3):445-450. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2019-445.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
