medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2024-372medsovet-8731Research ArticleШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРАPEDIATRICIAN SCHOOLБессимптомное носоглоточное носительство Streptococcus pneumoniae у детей дошкольного возрастаAsymptomatic nasopharingeal carrying of Streptococcus pneumoniae in preschool childrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-2904МахкамоваГ. Т.MakhkamovaG. T.

Махкамова Гульноза Тураходжаевна - к.м.н., ассистент кафедры семейной медицины №1.

100140, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223; Scopus Author ID: 58149488300; Researcher ID: ABP-4397-2022

Gulnoza T. Makhkamova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Family Medicine No. 1.

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

gulnoza_mt@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1670-2675ШамансуроваЭ. А.ShamansurovaE. A.

Шамансурова Элмира Амануллаевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой семейной медицины №1.

100140, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223; Scopus Author ID: 6507066500; Researcher ID: HKW-7734-2023

Elmira A. Shamansurova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Family Medicine No. 1.

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

elmira_sh2001@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-5387ТурдиеваШ. Т.TurdievaSh. T.

Турдиева Шохида Толкуновна - д.м.н., доцент кафедры семейной медицины №1.

100140, Узбекистан, Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 22; SPIN-код: 5520-6507; Scopus Author ID: 57189496193; Researcher ID: L-6078-2018.

Shokhida T. Turdieva - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Family Medicine No. 1.

223, Bogishamol St., Tashkent, 100140

shohidahon69@mail.ruТашкентский педиатрический медицинский институтРоссияTashkent Pediatric Medical InstituteRussian Federation202428112024019254260Copyright © Махкамова Г.Т., Шамансурова Э.А., Турдиева Ш.Т., 20242024Махкамова Г.Т., Шамансурова Э.А., Турдиева Ш.Т.Makhkamova G.T., Shamansurova E.A., Turdieva S.T.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8731Введение

Введение. Несмотря на наличие современных эффективных антибиотиков и вакцин, ежегодно во всем мире до 825 000 детей до пяти лет страдают тяжелой пневмококковой инфекцией.

Цель

Цель. Изучить распространенность и проявление бессимптомного носительства Streptococcus pneumoniae у невакцинированных детей дошкольного возраста.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Дизайн составило проспективное когортное исследование, начатое до включения вакцинации против пневмококка в Национальный календарь профилактических прививок Узбекистана 2015 г. Исследована микробиота носоглотки у 236 практически здоровых детей: из них дети, посещающие дошкольные учреждения (ДДУ), от 3 до 5 лет – 143 (60,6%), неорганизованные дети от 1,5 до 3 лет – 93 (39,4%). Проведен бактериологический анализ (бактериологический посев) на выявление Streptococcus pneumoniae в мазке из носоглотки по стандартной методике.

Результаты и обсуждение

Результаты и обсуждение. Бессимптомное носоглоточное носительство Streptococcus pneumoniae выявлено у 40,7% наблюдаемых – выше, чем доля выявляемости H. influenzae – 22,0% (52/236), а также Moraxella catarrhalis – 13,6% (32/236); у детей, посещающих ДДУ, выявляемость превалировала в два раза (50,4% против 25,8%) по отношению к неорганизованным детям. По данным двухлетнего наблюдения, у детей младшего возраста (неорганизованные дети) отмечали более агрессивное действие патогенов. Отмечены повторные эпизоды пневмонии у 29,2%, что на 5,2 раза больше по отношению к детям из второй возрастной группы (5,6%). Полученные данные свидетельствуют о высокой степени заболеваемости детей до 3 лет с Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Выводы

Выводы. Среди невакцинированных детей до 5 лет бессимптомное носительство Streptococcus pneumoniae в носоглотке составило 40,7% и переход бессимптомного носительства в инвазивные респираторные заболевания достигал 97,9%, что указывает на необходимость организации и проведения семейными врачами эффективной вакцинации детей до их поступления в детские дошкольные учреждения.

Introduction

Introduction. Despite the availability of modern, effective antibiotics and vaccines, up to 825 000 children under five years of age worldwide suffer from severe pneumococcal infection every year.

Aim

Aim. To study the prevalence and manifestation of asymptomatic carriage of St. pneumoniae in unvaccinated preschool children.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The study design was a prospective cohort study that began before the inclusion of pneumococcal vaccination in the National Preventive Vaccination Calendar of Uzbekistan (2015). The microbiota of the nasopharynx was studied in 236 practically healthy children, of which children attending preschool, from 3 to 5 years old – 143 (60.6%), unorganized children from 1.5 to 3 years old – 93 (39.4%). According to standard methods, a bacteriological analysis (bacterial culture) was carried out to detect St. pneumoniae in a nasopharynx smear.

Results and discussion

Results and discussion. Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of St. pneumoniae was detected in 40.7% of those observed, which was higher than the detection rate of H. influenzae – 22.0% (52/236), as well as Moraxella catarrhalis – 13.6% (32/236), and in children attending kindergartens, the detection rate was two times higher (50.4% versus 25.8%), compared to unorganized children. According to two-year observations, a more aggressive effect of pathogens was noted in young children (unorganized children). Repeated episodes of pneumonia were noted in 29.2%, which is 5.2 times more than in children from the second age group (5.6%). The data obtained indicate a high incidence of children under three years of age with St. pneumoniae carriage.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Among unvaccinated children under five years of age, asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of St. pneumoniae was 40.7%, and the transition of asymptomatic carriage to invasive respiratory diseases reached 97.9%, which indicates the need for family doctors to organize and conduct effective vaccination of children before their admission to preschool institutions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.