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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-518</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8764</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХРОНИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ЛЕГКИХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Таргетная терапия тяжелой бронхиальной астмы: фенотипирование пациентов и алгоритм выбора генно-инженерного биологического препарата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Targeted therapy for severe bronchial asthma: Phenotyping of patients and algorithm for selecting a genetically engineered biological drug</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3028-2657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумова Вероника Викторовна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika V. Naumova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology, Urals State Medical University.</p><p>3, Repin St., Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nika.naumova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3385-2632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыков</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зыков Кирилл Алексеевич - чл.-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор РАН, заместитель директора по научной и инновационной работе, НИИ пульмонологии ФМБА; заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии и профболезней, РосУниМед.</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д. 28; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill А. Zykov - Corr. Member RAS, Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor RAS, Deputy Director for Scientific and Innovative Work, Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy and Occupational Diseases, A Russian University of Medicine (ROSUNIMED).</p><p>8, Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682; 20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirillaz@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5944-3365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валента</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valenta</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валента Рудольф - иностранный член РАН, д.м.н., профессор аллергологии, заведующий отделением иммунопатологии, отделением патофи-зиологии и исследований аллергии.</p><p>1090, Вена, ул. Шпитальгассе, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rudolf Valenta - Foreign Member RAS, Professor of Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna.</p><p>23, Spitalgasse St., Vienna, 1090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rudolf.valenta@meduniwien.ac.at</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5250-7351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковтун</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovtun</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковтун Ольга Петровна - академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, ректор.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga P. Kovtun - Acad. RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Rector Urals State Medical University.</p><p>3, Repin St., Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usma@usma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-2243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельтюков</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beltyukov</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельтюков Евгений Кронидович - чл.-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny K. Beltyukov - Corr. Member RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology, Urals State Medical University.</p><p>3, Repin St., Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asthma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0705-6651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоленская</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolenskaya</surname><given-names>О. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленская Ольга Георгиевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Оlga G. Smolenskaya - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor; Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology, Urals State Medical University.</p><p>3, Repin St., Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.smolenskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-4605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быкова Галина Александровна - к.м.н.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Bykova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology, Urals State Medical University.</p><p>3, Repin St., Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Center-ao@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-0017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Штанова Александра Александровна - ординатор по специальности медико-социальная экспертиза.</p><p>127486, Москва, ул. Ивана Сусанина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra A. Shtanova - Resident, Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise.</p><p>3, Ivan Susanin St., Moscow, 127486</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekshtanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Urals State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Российский университет медицины (РосУниМед)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Pulmonology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Russian University of Medicine (ROSUNIMED)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Венский медицинский университет</institution><country>Австрия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical University of Vienna</institution><country>Austria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюро медико-социальной экспертизы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>20</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумова В.В., Зыков К.А., Валента Р., Ковтун О.П., Бельтюков Е.К., Смоленская О.Г., Быкова Г.А., Штанова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумова В.В., Зыков К.А., Валента Р., Ковтун О.П., Бельтюков Е.К., Смоленская О.Г., Быкова Г.А., Штанова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumova V.V., Zykov K.A., Valenta R., Kovtun O.P., Beltyukov E.K., Smolenskaya О.S., Bykova G.A., Shtanova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8764">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8764</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Точечное воздействие генно-инженерных биологических препаратов обусловливает необходимость отбора пациентов, основанного на патогенетических механизмах заболевания, для обеспечения эффективности терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить признаки основных фенотипов Т2-астмы и разработать алгоритм выбора генно-инженерного биологического препарата первой и второй линии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование носило наблюдательный ретроспективно-проспективный характер. Участниками были взрослые пациенты регистра Свердловской области, получавшие таргетную терапию тяжелой бронхиальной астмы (ТБА). При кластерном анализе определены признаки, характерные для аллергической, неаллергической эозинофильной и смешанной ТБА. Выбор таргетных препаратов первой и второй линии основан на патогенетических механизмах Т2-воспаления.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Аллергический фенотип характеризуется наличием аллергии и дебюта астмы до 18 лет, сопутствующим аллергическим ринитом (АР) и результатом Фадиатоп теста ≥ 1,53 PAU/L. Для неаллергической эозинофильной астмы характерны признаки: начало астмы в возрасте от 32 лет и старше, эозинофилия ≥ 150 кл/мкл, отсутствие аллергии, сопутствующие хронический полипозный риносинусит (ХПРС) и непереносимость НПВП. Для смешанной астмы определена комбинация признаков: дебют в возрасте ≥18 и &lt;32 лет, наличие аллергии в сочетании с эозинофилией ≥300 кл/мкл, наличие АР и положительный результат аллерготеста Фадиатоп, наличие ХПРС и непереносимости НПВП. При аллергическом фенотипе ТБА предпочтение должно отдаваться анти-IgE-терапии. При неаллергической эозинофильной ТБА стратегией выбора являются анти-анти-IL5-препараты. Анти-IL4R-терапия, с учетом участия в патогенезе Th2 и ILC2, эффективна при смешанной астме.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В реальной клинической практике исходное фенотипирование ТБА облегчает правильный выбор таргетного препарата первой и второй линии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The “spot” effect of immunobiological drugs necessitates patients' selection based on pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease to ensure therapy effectiveness.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To determine characteristics of T2-asthma main phenotypes and develop an algorithm for selecting a first- and second-line biologics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Being retrospective and prospective in nature the research was directed at adult patients with severe asthma who received target therapy and were included in the registry of Sverdlovsk region. Cluster analysis made it possible to identify the most distinctive features of allergic, nonallergic eosinophilic and mixed SA. Pathogenetic mechanisms of T2 inflammation determined the choice of first-and-second-line biologics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Allergic phenotype is characterized by existence of allergy and first appearance of asthma before the age of 18, satellite allergic rhinitis and the Phadiatop test result ≥ 1,53 PAU/L. The features of non-allergic eosinophilic asthma are as follows: asthma first appearance at the age of 32 and older, eosinophilia ≥ 150 cells/gl, absence of allergy, satellite chronic rhinosinusitis polyposa (CRSP) and NSAIDs intolerance. The features of the mixed asthma are as follows: first appearance at the age of ≥ 18 and &lt; 32 years old, allergy in combination with eosinophilia ≥ 300 cells/gl, AR and a positive Phadiatop allergy test result, CRSP and NSAIDs intolerance. It is the allergic phenotype of SA when preference should be given to anti-IgE drug. Dealing with non-allergic phenotype of SA one should consider anti-IL5 biologics more preferable. Taking into consideration Th2 and ILC2 ways in action mechanism it is possible to affirm that anti-IL4R therapy is effective in mixed asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In real clinical practice the initial phenotyping of SA facilitates the correct choice of a first- and second-line targeted drug.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>фенотипы тяжелой бронхиальной астмы</kwd><kwd>неаллергическая эозинофилия</kwd><kwd>аллергический фенотип астмы</kwd><kwd>смешанный фенотип Т2-астмы</kwd><kwd>выбор таргетного препарата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>severe asthma phenotypes</kwd><kwd>nonallergic eosinophilia</kwd><kwd>allergic asthma phenotype</kwd><kwd>mixed T2 asthma phenotype</kwd><kwd>choice of targeted drug</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newby C, Heaney LG, Menzies-Gow A, Niven RM, Mansur A, Bucknall C et al. 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