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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2024-553</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8772</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пути повышения эффективности увулопалатопластики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ways to improve the effectiveness of uvulopalatoplasty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5742-3459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князьков</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazkov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Князьков Владимир Борисович - к.м.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории минимально инвазивной хирургии НИИ ТЕХНОБИОМЕД НОИ медицинских технологий имени С.Н. Федорова, РосУниМед.</p><p>127006, Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir B. Knyazkov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Research Institute of TECHNOBIOMED NOI of Medical Technologies named after S.N. Fedorov, Russian University of Medicine (ROSUNIMED).</p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow, 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.b.knyazkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет медицины (РосУниМед)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine (ROSUNIMED)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Князьков В.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Князьков В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knyazkov V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8772">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8772</self-uri><abstract><p>Ронхопатия – сложное полиэтиологическое заболевание, оказывающее многофакторное негативное влияние на сердечно-сосудистую, дыхательную и другие системы организма. Летальность при этом грозном заболевании, чаще всего от сосудистых причин и особенно при наличии синдрома обструктивного апноэ сна, составляет от 6 до 11%, а последствия различных осложнений, связанных с этим заболеванием, увеличивают ее до 37%. Эффективность хирургических методов лечения больных ронхопатией по-прежнему остается явно неудовлетворительной и не позволяет большинству из них гарантированно добиться выздоровления. Вместе с тем рост числа таких больных, крайне нуждающихся в эффективном лечении и надежной профилактике осложнений этого заболевания, побуждает специалистов к дальнейшему поиску хирургических методов лечения. Хирургические вмешательства на мягком нёбе у больных ронхопатией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна основаны на независимом от способов воздействия принципе нанесения травмы нёбной занавески различной интенсивности (хирургической, термической, радиочастотной, лазерной, химической). При этом в зависимости от интенсивности воздействия отмечаются воспаление, некроз или частичное отторжение ткани и, как следствие, рубцевание, уплотнение и уменьшение нёба в объеме. При этом подвижность нёбной занавески должна снижаться, а интенсивность храпа – уменьшаться. Однако травма, наносимая прежде всего велофарингеальным мышцам, часто приводит к гипо- и атрофии, гипотонии и значительному обвисанию нёба, а в последующем – к рецидиву заболевания и усилению храпа. Это значительно уменьшает эффективность хирургического лечения этих больных. Повышение эффективности увулопалатопластики является одной из задач современной оториноларингологии. Пути повышения эффективности увулопалатопластики лежат в направлениях качественного и адекватного отбора к предстоящей операции; точного определения уровня (уровней) обструкции, формы и степени коллапса мягких тканей верхних дыхательных путей; тщательного учета особенностей строения мягкого нёба и глотки каждого конкретного больного; минимизации хирургической травмы тканей нёбной занавески при проведении операции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ronchopathy is a complex polyethological disease that has a multifactorial negative effect on the cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems of the body. Mortality in this terrible disease, most often from vascular causes and, especially, in the presence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, ranges from 6 to 11%, and the consequences of various complications associated with this disease increase it to 37%. The effectiveness of surgical methods of treating patients with ronchopathy is still clearly unsatisfactory, and does not allow most of them to achieve a guaranteed recovery. At the same time, the growing number of such patients, who are in dire need of effective treatment and reliable prevention of complications of this disease, encourages specialists to further search for surgical treatment methods. Surgical interventions on the soft palate in patients with ronchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are based on the principle of injury to the palatine curtain of varying intensity (surgical, thermal, radiofrequency, laser, chemical), independent of the methods of exposure. At the same time, depending on the intensity of exposure, inflammation, necrosis or partial tissue rejection are noted and, as a result, scarring, compaaction and a decrease in the volume of the palate. At the same time, the mobility of the palatine curtain should decrease, and the intensity of snoring should decrease. However, injury caused primarily to the velopharyngeal muscles often leads to hypo- and atrophy, hypotension and significant sagging of the palate, and, subsequently, to a recurrence of the disease and increased snoring. This significantly reduces the effectiveness of surgical treatment of these patients. Increasing the effectiveness of uvulopalatoplasty is one of the tasks of modern otorhinolaryngology. Ways to increase the effectiveness of uvulopalatoplasty lie in the following directions: qualitative and adequate selection for the upcoming operation; accurate determination of the level(s) of obstruction, shape and degree of collapse of the soft tissues of the upper respiratory tract; careful consideration of the structural features of the soft palate and pharynx of each individual patient; maximum reduction of surgical trauma to the tissues of the palatine curtain during surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ронхопатия</kwd><kwd>синдром обструктивного апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>мягкое нёбо</kwd><kwd>верхние дыхательные пути</kwd><kwd>лазерное излучение</kwd><kwd>лазерная скульптурная увулопалатопластика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ronchopathy</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</kwd><kwd>soft palate</kwd><kwd>upper respiratory tract</kwd><kwd>laser radiation</kwd><kwd>laser sculptural uvulopalatoplasty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бузунов РВ, Пальман АД, Мельников АЮ, Авербух ВМ, Мадаева ИМ, Куликов АН. 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