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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-082</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8963</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕОНАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEONATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История создания искусственных смесей для вскармливания младенцев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History of the creation of infant milk formula</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна - д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач Российской Федерации, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Acad. G.N. Speransky.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-6268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережная</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережная Ирина Владимировна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Berezhnaya - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Acad. G.N. Speransky.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berezhnaya-irina26@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-5619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сугян</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sugian</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сугян Нарине Григорьевна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского, РМАНПО; заместитель главного врача по детству, Химкинская КБ.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 141407, Московская обл., Химки, Куркинское шоссе, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Narine G. Sugian - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Acad. G.N. Speransky, RMA of Continuous Professional Education; Deputy Chief Physician for Children, Khimki CH.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 11, Kurkinskoe Shosse, Khimki, Moscow Region, 141407</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">narine6969@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2121-4010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оробинская</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orobinskaya</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оробинская Яна Владимировна - аспирант кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского, РМАНПО; врач-педиатр, Химкинская клиническая больница, поликлиника «Мама и малыш».</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 141400, Московская обл., Химки, ул. Родионова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Orobinskaya - Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatrics named after Acad. G.N. Speransky, RMA of Continuous Professional Education; Pediatrician, Khimki CH, Mother and Baby Outpatient Clinic.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 1, Rodionov St., Khimki, Moscow Region, 141400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yanashbook@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-8138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пупыкина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pupykina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пупыкина Виктория Викторовна - ассистент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria V. Pupykina - Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatrics named after Acad. G.N. Speransky.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika-pupykina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Химкинская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Khimki Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Химкинская клиническая больница, поликлиника «Мама и малыш»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Khimki Clinical Hospital, Mother and Baby Outpatient Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Сугян Н.Г., Оробинская Я.В., Пупыкина В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Сугян Н.Г., Оробинская Я.В., Пупыкина В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Sugian N.G., Orobinskaya Y.V., Pupykina V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8963">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8963</self-uri><abstract><p>Новорожденные и младенцы в первые месяцы жизни нуждаются в полноценном питании, которое обеспечивает их рост и развитие. В тех случаях, когда грудное вскармливание невозможно по медицинским или социальным причинам, молочные смеси становятся основным источником кормления детей. Современные молочные смеси для детей разрабатываются с учетом последних научных данных о потребностях растущего организма и включают в себя различные функциональные компоненты, способствующие здоровью и хорошему развитию. Однако интересны всегда исторические данные о создании и эволюции искусственных молочных смесей. Представлены данные о том, как различные народы подходили к вопросам вскармливания детей с использованием альтернатив грудному молоку, включая применение козьего и коровьего молока, а также растительных смесей. Особое внимание уделяется научным открытиям в области питания и медицины, повлиявшим на создание безопасных питательных смесей. В настоящее время, благодаря быстрому развитию в области технологий, современные смеси могут обеспечить младенцев на искусственном вскармливании олигосахаридами, идентичными тем, которые содержатся в материнском молоке, полиненасыщенными жирными кислотами (омега-3 и омега-6) – докозагексаеновой (Docosahexaenoic Acid – DHA) и арахидоновой (Arachidonic Acid – ARA) и другими полезными компонентами. Обращают на себя внимание новые детские молочные смеси для искусственного и/или смешанного вскармливания с рождения, состав которых соответствует всем требованиям производства детского питания и обогащен комбинацией фукозилированных олигосахаридов 2’ (2›FL) и галактоолигосахаридами, благодаря им можно оценить потенциальную многообещающую перспективу в детском питании.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Adequate nutrition during the first months of life is essential for newborns and infants to ensure their growth and development. If women are unable to breastfeed for medical or social reasons, milk formulas become the primary source of nutrition for infants. Modern infant milk formulas are developed with due account for the latest discoveries in science regarding the growing body needs and include various functional components that contribute to a baby’s healthy growth and development. However, the histories of creation and evolution of milk formulas are always interesting. The article describes how different nations approached the issues of feeding babies using alternatives to the breast milk, including goat’s and cow’s milk, as well as plant-based formulas. Special attention is paid to the research discoveries in the field of nutrition and medicine that inspired the creation of safe nutritional formulas. Currently, rapid technological advancements can provide modern formula-fed infants with oligosaccharides with structures identical to human milk oligosaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) and other useful components. New infant formulas for artificial and/or mixed feeding from birth stand out particularly. Their composition meets all the requirements for the production of infant formula and is enriched with a combination of 2′-fucosylated oligosaccharides (2′-FL) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), which can give a long-range outlook for the use of infant formulas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>грудное вскармливание</kwd><kwd>грудное молоко</kwd><kwd>сосуды для кормления</kwd><kwd>бутылочки</kwd><kwd>соски</kwd><kwd>искусственное</kwd><kwd>детское питание</kwd><kwd>молочная смесь</kwd><kwd>олигосахариды грудного молока</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd><kwd>breast milk</kwd><kwd>feeding vessels</kwd><kwd>bottles</kwd><kwd>nipples</kwd><kwd>artificial</kwd><kwd>baby food</kwd><kwd>milk formula</kwd><kwd>breast milk oligosaccharides</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hansen K. 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