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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-069</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-8999</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕРАПИЯ БОЛИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAIN THERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Боль в спине у пожилых пациентов с локомотивным синдромом: фокус на эффективность и безопасность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Back pain in elderly patients with locomotive syndrome: Focus on efficacy and safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-8501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путилина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putilina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Путилина Марина Викторовна - д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии имени Ю.Б. Белоусова Института клинической медицины.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Putilina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of Yu. B. Belousov Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profput@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Путилина М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Путилина М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Putilina M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8999">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/8999</self-uri><abstract><p>Боль в спине и суставах встречается у 70% пациентов в возрасте 60 лет и старше. Наличие артериальной гипертензии (АГ), сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний: инсультов, инфарктов, хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН), ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС), сахарного диабета создает значительные препятствия для выбора терапии. В мировой практике в 2007 г. появился термин «локомотивный синдром» (ЛС), предложенный Ассоциацией ортопедов Японии для характеристики пациентов старшего возраста с неустойчивым равновесием, склонностью к падениям вследствие структурного и функционального повреждения органов нервной и опорно-двигательной систем. Хроническая скелетно-мышечная боль при ЛС имеет ряд особенностей, таких как незначительная выраженность: постоянный характер, обострения, связанные с колебаниями артериального давления (АД). Наличие когнитивных нарушений затрудняет оценку выраженности болевого синдрома, но при этом запускает каскад нейропсихиатрических симптомов (тревожность, депрессивное настроение). Проблема лечения гериатрических пациентов с ЛС представляет собой сложную задачу, но знание базовых принципов позволяет избежать ошибок при выборе медикаментозной терапии и адекватно добавить другие немедикаментозные схемы. Всем пациентам старше 65 лет с хронической болью целесообразно проводить скрининг когнитивных нарушений, тревоги и депрессии. Эти синдромы сами могут ухудшать состояние пациента и делать неэффективной терапию боли. Оценка употребляемых препаратов, особенно для купирования боли, должна проводиться с учетом межлекарственных взаимодействий. Соблюдение простых правил поможет снизить выраженность симптомов, улучшить функционирование и качество жизни. Среди нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП) следует отдавать предпочтение наиболее безопасным, имеющим минимальные риски сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, не вызывающим ухудшение когнитивных функций и сидром падения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Back and joint pain occur in 70% of patients aged 60 years and older. The presence of arterial hypertension (AH), cerebrovascular diseases (strokes, heart attacks, chronic heart failure, ischemic heart disease), diabetes mellitus create significant obstacles to the choice of therapy. In 2007, the term “locomotive syndrome” (LS) appeared in world practice, proposed by the Japanese Orthopedic Association to characterize elderly patients with unstable balance, a tendency to fall, due to structural and functional damage to the organs of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Chronic musculoskeletal pain in LS has a number of features, such as minor severity (constant nature, exacerbations associated with blood pressure fluctuations). The presence of cognitive impairment complicates the assessment of the severity of pain syndrome, but at the same time triggers a cascade of neuropsychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depressive mood). The problem of treating geriatric patients with LS is a complex task, but knowledge of the basic principles allows you to avoid mistakes in choosing drug therapy and adequately add other non-drug regimens. All patients over 65 years old with chronic pain should be screened for cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression. These syndromes themselves can worsen the patient’s condition and make pain therapy ineffective. Evaluation of the drugs used, especially for pain relief, should be carried out taking into account drug interactions. Compliance with simple rules will help reduce the severity of symptoms, improve functioning and quality of life. Among NSAIDs, preference should be given to the safest ones, having minimal cardiac risks, not causing deterioration in cognitive functions and falling syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd><kwd>хронический болевой синдром</kwd><kwd>полипрагмазия</kwd><kwd>нежелательные реакции</kwd><kwd>Налгезин® форте</kwd><kwd>дулоксетин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>elderly age</kwd><kwd>chronic pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>polypharmacy</kwd><kwd>adverse reactions</kwd><kwd>Nalgesin® forte</kwd><kwd>Duloxetine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leopoldino AAO, Diz JBM, Martins VT, Henschke N, Pereira LSM, Dias RC et al. 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