<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-152</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9031</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности локальной терапии смешанных неспецифических бактериально-грибковых вагинальных инфекций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of local therapy of mixed nonspecific bacterial-fungal vaginal infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-1359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровиков</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovikov</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боровиков Игорь Олегович, д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor O. Borovikov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bio2302@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-8286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куценко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsenko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куценко Ирина Игоревна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Kutsenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luzum69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-9388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровикова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovikova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боровикова Ольга Игоревна, аспирант кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Borovikova, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borovikovaoi@oxy-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-8798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магай</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Magay</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магай Антон Сергеевич, аспирант кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton S. Magay, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.magai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2761-7561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новиков Александр Владимирович, студент лечебного факультета</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Novikov, Student of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleks_novikov_1995@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-8203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филиппова Людмила Аркадьевна, студент лечебного факультета</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Filippova, Student of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>4, Mitrofan Sedin St., Krasnodar, 350063</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmilaf188@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боровиков И.О., Куценко И.И., Боровикова О.И., Магай А.С., Новиков А.В., Филиппова Л.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боровиков И.О., Куценко И.И., Боровикова О.И., Магай А.С., Новиков А.В., Филиппова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borovikov I.O., Kutsenko I.I., Borovikova O.I., Magay А.S., Novikov A.V., Filippova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9031">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9031</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время все чаще наблюдаются смешанные формы вагинальных инфекций, представленные как анаэробной, так и аэробной патогенной и условно-патогенной микрофлорой, часто сочетающейся с кандидозной инфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка клинической и микробиологической эффективности комплексного препарата, включающего клиндамицин и бутоконазол, при местной терапии пациенток со смешанными формами неспецифических бактериально-грибковых вагинальных инфекций.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 126 пациенток с подтвержденным диагнозом «смешанный неспецифический бактериально-грибковый вульвовагинит». Предлагаемая терапия – крем вагинальный, содержащий клиндамицина фосфат и бутоконазола нитрат (по 1 дозе (5,0 г) в течение 7 дней). Оценка клинической и микробиологической эффективности проводилась через 14 дней (22 ± 3 дня от начала терапии – стадия V2), 1 мес. (40 ± 3 дня от начала терапии – стадия V3) и 3 мес. (100 ± 3 дня от начала терапии – стадия V4) после окончания терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Местное применение препарата, содержащего антибиотик (клиндамицина фосфат) и антимикотик (бутоконазола нитрат) способствует нивелированию клинической симтоматики в виде зуда и диспареунии, соответственно, у 94,45 и 92,9% пациенток, патологических белей – у 91,3%, нормализации pH вагинального секрета – у 92,1%. Микробиологическая эффективность по окончании срока наблюдения составила 88,1% (1-я и 2-я степень по критериям Hay/Ison), 90,5% (оценка &lt;3 по критериям Donders) и 86,5% по данным ПЦР-исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Клиническая и микробиологическая оценка применения препарата, содержащего антибиотик (клиндамицина фосфат) и антимикотик (бутоконазола нитрат) и обладающего широким спектром антибактериальной и антимикотической активности с хорошей переносимостью, в качестве семидневной терапии показала высокую эффективность в лечении пациенток с диагнозом «смешанный неспецифический бактериально-грибковый вульвовагинит», что позволяет его рекомендовать для лечения женщин с данной нозологией, а также предлагает безопасный и эффективный вариант эмпирической терапии различных вагинальных инфекций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The consequences of these mixed nonspecific vaginitis are manifested in the aggravation of the course of the disease, the complexity of diagnosis and the choice of therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and microbiological efficacy of a complex drug including clindamycin and butoconazole in local therapy of patients with mixed forms of nonspecific bacterial-fungal vaginal infections.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 126 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of “mixed nonspecific bacterial-fungal vulvovaginitis”. The proposed therapy is a vaginal cream containing clindamycin phosphate and butoconazole nitrate (1 dose (5.0 g) for 6 days). Clinical and microbiological efficacy was assessed at 14 days (22 ± 3 days from the start of therapy – stage V2), 1 month (40 ± 3 days from the start of therapy – stage V3) and 3 months (100 ± 3 days from the start of therapy – stage V4) after the end of therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Topical use of a drug containing an antibiotic (clindamycin phosphate) and an antimycotic (butoconazole nitrate) contributes to the leveling of clinical symptoms in the form of itching and dyspareunia, respectively, in 94.45% and 92.9%, pathological whites in 91.3% of women, normalization of the pH of vaginal secretions in 92.1% of patients. Microbiological efficacy at the end of the follow-up period was 88.1% (Hay/Ison Grade 1 and 2), 90.5% (Donders Grade &lt;3) and 86.5% PCR.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Clinical and microbiological evaluation of the use of containing an antibiotic (clindamycin phosphate) and an antimycotic (butoconazole nitrate) as a seven-day therapy, having a wide range of antibacterial and antimycotic activity with good tolerability, has shown high efficacy in the treatment of patients diagnosed with mixed nonspecific bacterial-fungal vulvovaginitis, which allows it to be recommended for the treatment of women with This nosology, and also offers a safe and effective option for empirical therapy of various vaginal infections.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неспецифические вагинальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>бактериальный вагиноз</kwd><kwd>вульвовагинальный кандидоз</kwd><kwd>анаэробный вагинит</kwd><kwd>клиндамицин</kwd><kwd>бутоконазол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonspecific vaginal infections</kwd><kwd>bacterial vaginosis</kwd><kwd>vulvovaginal candidiasis</kwd><kwd>anaerobic vaginitis</kwd><kwd>clindamycin</kwd><kwd>butoconazole</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова ТВ, Волков ВГ. Опыт лечения бактериального вагиноза, ассоцированного с кандидозным вульвовагинитом. Акушерство и гинекология. 2016;(11):131–135. https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2016.11.131-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova TV, Volkov VG. Experience in treating bacterial vaginosis associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya (Russian Federation). 2016;(11):131–135. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2016.11.131-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shang X, Bai H, Fan L, Zhang X, Zhao X, Liu Z. In vitro biofilm formation of Gardnerella vaginalis and Escherichia coli associated with bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024;14:1387414. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1387414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shang X, Bai H, Fan L, Zhang X, Zhao X, Liu Z. In vitro biofilm formation of Gardnerella vaginalis and Escherichia coli associated with bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024;14:1387414. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1387414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кира ЕФ, Халтурина ЮВ. Современные терапевтические возможности лечения бактериального вагиноза. Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 2020;69(3):39–45. https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD69339-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kira EF, Khalturina YV. Modern therapeutic options in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2020;69(3):39–45. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD69339-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aklilu A, Woldemariam M, Manilal A, Koira G, Alahmadi RM, Raman G et al. Aerobic vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis among women of reproductive age in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):9813. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58654-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aklilu A, Woldemariam M, Manilal A, Koira G, Alahmadi RM, Raman G et al. Aerobic vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis among women of reproductive age in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):9813. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58654-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малова ИО, Афанасьева ИГ. Бактериальный вагиноз: есть ли альтернатива традиционным препаратам? Медицинский совет. 2019;(7):93–103. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2019-7-93-103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malova IO, Afanasyeva IG. Bacterial Vaginosis: Is there an alternative to traditional drugs? Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2019;(7):93–103. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2019-7-93-103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye L, Yu F, Hu Z, Wang X, Tang Y. Preliminary Study on the Identification of Aerobic Vaginitis by Artificial Intelligence Analysis System. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024;55(2):461–468. https://doi.org/10.12182/20240360504.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye L, Yu F, Hu Z, Wang X, Tang Y. Preliminary Study on the Identification of Aerobic Vaginitis by Artificial Intelligence Analysis System. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024;55(2):461–468. https://doi.org/10.12182/20240360504.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maksimovic Celicanin M, Haahr T, Humaidan P, Skafte-Holm A. Vaginal dysbiosis – the association with reproductive outcomes in IVF patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2024;36(3):155–164. https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000953.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maksimovic Celicanin M, Haahr T, Humaidan P, Skafte-Holm A. Vaginal dysbiosis – the association with reproductive outcomes in IVF patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2024;36(3):155–164. https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000953.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хисматулина ИМ, Лисовская СА, Герман ЯЭ, Мукминова ММ. Неспецифические вагинальные инфекции смешанной этиологии у пациенток репродуктивного возраста: особенности микробного пейзажа и результаты местной комбинированной терапии. Иммунопатология, аллергология, инфектология. 2024;(4):22-29. https://doi.org/10.14427/jipai.2024.4.22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khismatulina IM, Lisovskaya SA, German IE, Mukminova MM. Nonspecific vaginal infections of mixed etiology in women of reproductive age: features of the microbial landscape and results of topical combination therapy. Immunopathology, Allergology, Infectology 2024;(4):22–29. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14427/jipai.2024.4.22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zong X, Feng Y, Bai H, Wang H, Shang X, Fan L et al. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2023;58(3):191–197. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20221212-00754.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zong X, Feng Y, Bai H, Wang H, Shang X, Fan L et al. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2023;58(3):191–197. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20221212-00754.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu B, Tao Z, Edupuganti L, Serrano MG, Buck GA. Roles of the Microbiota of the Female Reproductive Tract in Gynecological and Reproductive Health. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2022;86(4):e0018121. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00181-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu B, Tao Z, Edupuganti L, Serrano MG, Buck GA. Roles of the Microbiota of the Female Reproductive Tract in Gynecological and Reproductive Health. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2022;86(4):e0018121. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00181-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Доброхотова ЮЭ, Казанцева ВД, Бондаренко КР. Бактериальный вагиноз: современные противорецидивные стратегии. РМЖ. 2022;(8):61–65. Режим доступа: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/ginekologiya/Bakterialynyy_vaginoz_sovremennye_protivorecidivnye_strategii.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dobrokhotova YuE, Kazantseva VD, Bondarenko KR. Bacterial vaginosis: modern anti-relapse treatment tactics. RMJ. 2022;(8):61–65. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/ginekologiya/Bakterialynyy_vaginoz_sovremennye_protivorecidivnye_strategii.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ncib K, Bahia W, Leban N, Mahdhi A, Trifa F, Mzoughi R et al. Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Diagnostics. 2022;12(10):2444. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102444.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ncib K, Bahia W, Leban N, Mahdhi A, Trifa F, Mzoughi R et al. Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Diagnostics. 2022;12(10):2444. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102444.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nunn KL, Clair GC, Adkins JN, Engbrecht K, Fillmore T, Forney LJ. Amylases in the Human Vagina. mSphere. 2020;5(6):e00943-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00943-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nunn KL, Clair GC, Adkins JN, Engbrecht K, Fillmore T, Forney LJ. Amylases in the Human Vagina. mSphere. 2020;5(6):e00943-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00943-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakama C, Thompson B, Szybala C, McBeth A, Dobner P, Zwickey H. The Continuum of Microbial Ecosystems along the Female Reproductive Tract: Implications for Health and Fertility. Pathogens. 2022;11(11):1244. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111244.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakama C, Thompson B, Szybala C, McBeth A, Dobner P, Zwickey H. The Continuum of Microbial Ecosystems along the Female Reproductive Tract: Implications for Health and Fertility. Pathogens. 2022;11(11):1244. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111244.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">France MT, Brown SE, Rompalo AM, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Identification of shared bacterial strains in the vaginal microbiota of related and unrelated reproductive-age mothers and daughters using genome-resolved metagenomics. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(10):e0275908. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275908.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">France MT, Brown SE, Rompalo AM, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Identification of shared bacterial strains in the vaginal microbiota of related and unrelated reproductive-age mothers and daughters using genome-resolved metagenomics. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(10):e0275908. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275908.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровиков ИО, Куценко ИИ, Боровикова ОИ, Андреева АA, Филиппова ЛА, Авакимян ВА, Никогда ЮВ. Возможности локальной терапии рецидивирующего кандидоза на фоне смешанного вагинального дисбиоза. Медицинский совет. 2023;17(15):83–93. https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borovikov IO, Kutsenko II, Borovikova OI, Andreeva AA, Filippova LA, Avakimyan VA, Nikogda JV. Possibilities of local therapy of recurrent candidiasis against the background of mixed vaginal dysbiosis. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2023;(15):83–93. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antoni Vives J, Cancelo MJ, Losada MÁ, Doménech A. Dequalinium chloride use in adult Spanish women with bacterial vaginosis: an observational study. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;42(1):103–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2020.1867966.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antoni Vives J, Cancelo MJ, Losada MÁ, Doménech A. Dequalinium chloride use in adult Spanish women with bacterial vaginosis: an observational study. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;42(1):103–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2020.1867966.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тазина ТВ, Бебнева ТН, Алешкина ОС, Союнов МА. Эмпирическая терапия – первая линия в лечении вульвовагинальных инфекций. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2022;21(1):129–135. https://doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2022-1-129-135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tazina TV, Bebneva TN, Aleshkina OS, Soyunov MA. Empirical therapy as first-line treatment for vulvovaginal infections Gynecology, Obstetrics and Perinatology. 2022;21(1):129–135. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2022-1-129-135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сергиенко ГС, Тазина ТВ, Жучков МВ. Возможности вагинального крема, содержащего клиндамицин и бутоконазол, в уменьшении риска рецидива урогенитального кандидоза у коморбидных пациенток с бактериальным вагинозом. Гинекология. 2018;20(1):68–70. https://doi.org/10.26442/2079-5696_20.1.68-70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sergiyenko GS, Tazina TV, Zhuchkov MV. The possibilities of clindamycin and butoconazole containing vaginal cream in reducing the risk of recurrence of urogenital candidiasis in comorbid patients with bacterial vaginosis. Gynecology. 2018;20(1):68–70. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26442/2079-5696_20.1.68-70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li M, Zeng Z, Feng H, Cao Y, Zhang Q, Lv T et al. Accurate 16S Absolute Quantification Sequencing Revealed Vaginal Microecological Composition and Dynamics During Mixed Vaginitis Treatment With Fufang FuRong Effervescent Suppository. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:883798. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.883798.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li M, Zeng Z, Feng H, Cao Y, Zhang Q, Lv T et al. Accurate 16S Absolute Quantification Sequencing Revealed Vaginal Microecological Composition and Dynamics During Mixed Vaginitis Treatment With Fufang FuRong Effervescent Suppository. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:883798. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.883798.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donders GGG, Bellen G, Grinceviciene S, Ruban K, Vieira-Baptista P. Aerobic vaginitis: no longer a stranger. Res Microbiol. 2017;168(9-10):845–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2017.04.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Donders GGG, Bellen G, Grinceviciene S, Ruban K, Vieira-Baptista P. Aerobic vaginitis: no longer a stranger. Res Microbiol. 2017;168(9-10):845–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2017.04.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin Y, He F, Wu L, Xu Y, Du Q. Matrine Exerts Pharmacological Effects Through Multiple Signaling Pathways: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:533–569. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S349678.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin Y, He F, Wu L, Xu Y, Du Q. Matrine Exerts Pharmacological Effects Through Multiple Signaling Pathways: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:533–569. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S349678.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asghar S, Khan JA, Mahmood MS, Arshad MI. A Cross-sectional Study of Group B Streptococcus-Associated Sepsis, Coinfections, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile in Neonates in Pakistan. Adv Neonatal Care. 2020;20(4):E59–E69. https://doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0000000000000701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asghar S, Khan JA, Mahmood MS, Arshad MI. A Cross-sectional Study of Group B Streptococcus-Associated Sepsis, Coinfections, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile in Neonates in Pakistan. Adv Neonatal Care. 2020;20(4):E59–E69. https://doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0000000000000701.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genovese C, D’Angeli F, Di Salvatore V, Tempera G, Nicolosi D. Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women: serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns over five years in Eastern Sicily (Italy). Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(12):2387–2396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03992-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genovese C, D’Angeli F, Di Salvatore V, Tempera G, Nicolosi D. Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women: serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns over five years in Eastern Sicily (Italy). Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(12):2387–2396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03992-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y, Lyu J, Ge L, Huang L, Peng Z, Liang Y et al. Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri RC-14 as an Adjunctive Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Do Not Increase the Cure Rate in a Chinese Cohort: A Prospective, Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:669901. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.669901.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y, Lyu J, Ge L, Huang L, Peng Z, Liang Y et al. Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri RC-14 as an Adjunctive Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Do Not Increase the Cure Rate in a Chinese Cohort: A Prospective, Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:669901. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.669901.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Z, He Y, Zheng Y. Probiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203859.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Z, He Y, Zheng Y. Probiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203859.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
