medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-120medsovet-9134Research ArticleАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ И КАРДИОЛОГИИCURRENT ISSUES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGYРаспространенность, осведомленность, лечение и контроль сахарного диабета в популяцииPrevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus in the populationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-1993МазуренкоЕ. С.MazurenkoE. S.

Мазуренко Елена Сергеевна, к.м.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клинико-популяционных и профилактических исследований терапевтических и  эндокринных заболеваний

630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, д. 175/1 

Elena. S. Mazurenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Laboratory of laboratories of clinical and preventive studies of therapeutic and endocrine diseases

175/1, Boris Bogatkov St., Novosibirsk, 630089, Russia

poltorackayaes@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-855XРябиковА. Н.RyabikovA. N.

Рябиков Андрей Николаевич, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, д. 175/1 

Andrew N. Ryabikov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher Laboratory of Ethiopathogenesis and Clinics of Internal Diseases

175/1, Boris Bogatkov St., Novosibirsk, 630089, Russia

andrew_ryabikov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-6478МаздороваЕ. В.MazdorovaE. V.

Маздорова Екатерина Викторовна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, д. 175/1 

Ekaterina V. Mazdorova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Ethiopathogenesis and clinics of internal diseases

175/1, Boris Bogatkov St., Novosibirsk, 630089, Russia

mazdorova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-0466МалютинаС. К.MalyutinaS. K.

Малютина Софья Константиновна, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, д. 175/1 

Sofia K. Malyutina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Ethiopathogenesis and Clinics of Internal Diseases

175/1, Boris Bogatkov St., Novosibirsk, 630089, Russia

smalyutina@hotmail.comНаучно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияResearch Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20252405202506270279Copyright © Мазуренко Е.С., Рябиков А.Н., Маздорова Е.В., Малютина С.К., 20252025Мазуренко Е.С., Рябиков А.Н., Маздорова Е.В., Малютина С.К.Mazurenko E.S., Ryabikov A.N., Mazdorova E.V., Malyutina S.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9134

Введение. Ежегодный рост распространенности и опасные последствия делают сахарный диабет (СД) глобальной проблемой.Цель. Провести обзор современных исследований за период 2000–2024 гг. по осведомленности, лечению и контролю СД в различных популяциях с фокусом на выявление региональных и демографических особенностей.Материалы и методы. Поиск публикаций осуществляли по электронным базам Академии Google (https://scholar.google.ru/), PubMed (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), eLIBRARY.ru (https://www.elibrary.ru/), международным и отечественным журналам эндокринологического и терапевтического профиля.Результаты и заключение. Результаты показали стойкий тренд увеличения популяционной распространенности СД во всем мире в широком диапазоне от 2 до 30,1% (1990–2022 гг.); осведомленность о наличии СД составила около 60% с наибольшими обобщенными показателями в странах с высоким уровнем дохода – 68% и наименьшими в странах с низким уровнем дохода – 41%. Уровень контроля СД варьирует от 9,8 до 60,4%. Несмотря на наличие выверенных инструментов, отраженных в рекомендациях по ведению пациентов с СД, контроль диабета весьма труден – более 50% пациентов с СД не достигают целевых уровней гликемии и гликозилированного гемоглобина (HbA1c). Недостаточный контроль или отсроченное начало лечения увеличивают риск осложнений СД и смерти. Молодые люди значительно реже, чем пожилые, достигают целевых показателей HbA1c. Соблюдение рекомендаций по лечению и профилактике СД последовательно оценивается серией исследований: EUROASPIRE V, NHANES, NCD Risk factor Collaboration. Существует множество причин неэффективного контроля диабета, оправдана разработка индивидуальных подходов для улучшения приверженности к лечению, обеспечению доступа к медицинским ресурсам и самостоятельному управлению СД.

Introduction. The annual increase in prevalence and dangerous consequences make diabetes mellitus (DM) a global problem.Aim. To review modern studies for the period of 2000–2024 on awareness, treatment and control of DM in various populations with a focus on identifying regional and demographic characteristics.Materials and methods. The search for publications was carried out in the electronic databases of Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.ru/), PubMed (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), eLIBRARY.ru (https://www.elibrary.ru/), international and domestic journals.Results and conclusion. The results showed a stable trend of increasing prevalence of DM worldwide in a wide range from 2 to 30.1% (1990–2022); awareness of the presence of DM was approximately 60%, with the highest overall rates in high-income countries – 68% and the lowest in low-income countries – 41%. The level of diabetes control varies from 9.8 to 60.4%. Despite the availability of verified tools reflected in the guidelines for DM management, diabetes control is very difficult – more than 50% of diabetic patients do not achieve target levels of glycaemia and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Inefficient control or delayed initiation of treatment increase the risk of DM complications and death. Younger people achieve target HbA1c levels significantly less often than elder people. Compliance with the recommendations for treatment and prevention of DM is consistently assessed by a series of studies: EUROASPIRE V, NHANES, NCD Risk factor Collaboration. There are multiple reasons for inefficient DM control, and the development of individual approaches to improve adherence to treatment, access to medical resources, and independent management of DM is justified.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.