medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-015medsovet-9137Research ArticleАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ И КАРДИОЛОГИИCURRENT ISSUES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGYМиокины в роли биологических маркеров при нарушениях углеводного обмена и атеросклерозеMyokines as biological markers in disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and atherosclerosisАлиеваА. М.AlievaA. M.

Алиева Амина Магомедовна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии имени академика Г.И. Сторожакова

117513, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Amina М. Alieva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy named after Academician G.I. Storozhakov

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

amisha_alieva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-6290БайковаИ. Е.BaykovaI. E.

Байкова Ирина Евгеньевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии имени академика Г.И. Сторожакова

117513, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Irina Е. Baykova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy named after Academician G.I. Storozhakov

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

1498553@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6184-6742АхмедоваМ. Ф.AkhmedovaM. F.

Ахмедова Мадина Фатхуллаевна, к.м.н., врач-кардиолог

100211, Республика Узбекистан, Ташкент, ул. Кичик Халка Йули, д. 5а 

Madina F. Akhmedova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Cardiologist

5а, Kichik Khalka Yuli St., Tashkent, 100211, Republic of Uzbekistan

drmadina@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5164-9702МеликуловА. А.MelikulovA. A.

Меликулов Алишер Алмардонович, д.м.н., врач – сердечно-сосудистый хирург

100211, Республика Узбекистан, Ташкент, ул. Кичик Халка Йули, д. 5а 

Alisher А. Melikulov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Cardiovascular Surgeon 

5а, Kichik Khalka Yuli St., Tashkent, 100211, Republic of Uzbekistan

melikulov.alisher@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-4194-8486СултангалиеваА. Б.SultangalievaA. B.

Султангалиева Альбина Булатовна, студент

117513, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Albina В. Sultangalieva, Student

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

albina_sult_2002@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9601-1174РахаевА. М.RahaevA. M.

Рахаев Алик Магомедович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры детских болезней, акушерства и гинекологии

360004, Россия, Кабардино-Балкарская Республика, Нальчик, ул. Чернышевского, д. 173

Alik М. Rahaev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Pediatric Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology

173, Chernyshevsky St., Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, 360004, Russia

alikrahaev@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2507-4530АсановА. О.AsanovA. O.

Асанов Алим Орусбиевич, к.м.н., доцент кафедры неврологии, психиатрии и наркологии

360004, Россия, Кабардино-Балкарская Республика, Нальчик, ул. Чернышевского, д. 173

Alim О. Asanov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology

173, Chernyshevsky St., Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, 360004, Russia

asal2000@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-7010-4470МусукаевА. А.MusukaevA. A.

Мусукаев Азрет Алимович, студент

117513, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Azret А. Musukaev, Student

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

azret.musukaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-0881НикитинИ. Г.NikitinI. G.

Никитин Игорь Геннадиевич, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии имени академика Г.И. Сторожакова

117513, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Igor G. Nikitin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy named after Academician G.I. Storozhakov

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

igor.nikitin.64@mail.ruРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationМногопрофильный медицинский центр AKFA MEDLINEУзбекистанAKFA MEDLINE Multidisciplinary Medical CenterUzbekistanКабардино-Балкарский государственный университет имени Х.М. БербековаРоссияKabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. BerbekovRussian Federation20252405202506291300Copyright © Алиева А.М., Байкова И.Е., Ахмедова М.Ф., Меликулов А.А., Султангалиева А.Б., Рахаев А.М., Асанов А.О., Мусукаев А.А., Никитин И.Г., 20252025Алиева А.М., Байкова И.Е., Ахмедова М.Ф., Меликулов А.А., Султангалиева А.Б., Рахаев А.М., Асанов А.О., Мусукаев А.А., Никитин И.Г.Alieva A.M., Baykova I.E., Akhmedova M.F., Melikulov A.A., Sultangalieva A.B., Rahaev A.M., Asanov A.O., Musukaev A.A., Nikitin I.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9137

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания становятся причиной более половины всех случаев летального исхода. Ишемическая болезнь сердца занимает лидирующее место по причине смертности во всем мире. Основным фактором, способствующим развитию ишемической болезни сердца, является атеросклероз, который на ранних стадиях часто не проявляет симптомов. Важную роль в появлении и ухудшении сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний играют расстройства углеводного обмена. Продолжается поиск сердечно-сосудистых биомаркеров, которые могли бы помочь в диагностике заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы и служить прогностическими показателями. В данном научном обзоре акцентируется внимание на важности оценки миокинов. К настоящему времени продемонстрирована значимость при сердечно-сосудистой патологии таких миокинов, как миостатин, иризин, метеориноподобный белок, мозговой нейротрофический фактор, апелин, мицугумин 53 и др. Установлено, что миостатин негативно влияет на углеводный обмен и атеросклеротические процессы, ухудшая липидный профиль, увеличивая накопление жировой ткани и снижая ее «побурение». Подавление миостатина при инфаркте миокарда способствует восстановлению сердца; его концентрации, наряду с уровнем тропонина, отражают повреждение миокарда. Исследования мозгового нейротрофического фактора также подчеркивают значимость и целесообразность его определения при сахарном диабете и ишемической болезни сердца. Оценка уровня метеориноподобного белка может быть полезной при сахарном диабете и оценке риска атеросклероза. Установлена достоверная связь апелина и иризина с нарушениями углеводного обмена и атеросклеротическими сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, что также делает их перспективными терапевтическими молекулами. Мицугумин 53 показал актуальность в роли маркера при атеросклерозе, однако его влияние на углеводный обмен требует прояснения. Серийное тестирование миокинов, включая использование мультимаркерных панелей, требует дальнейшего изучения для подтверждения значимости в клинической практике.

Cardiovascular diseases cause more than half of all deaths. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The main factor contributing to the development of coronary heart disease is atherosclerosis, which often does not show symptoms in the early stages. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders play an important role in the occurrence and worsening of cardiovascular diseases. The search for cardiovascular biomarkers that could help in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and serve as prognostic indicators continues. This scientific review focuses on the importance of assessing myokines. To date, the significance of such myokines as myostatin, irisin, meteorin-like protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, apelin, mitsugumin 53 and others in cardiovascular pathology has been demonstrated. It has been established that myostatin negatively affects carbohydrate metabolism and atherosclerotic processes, worsening the lipid profile, increasing the accumulation of adipose tissue and reducing its “browning”. Suppression of myostatin in myocardial infarction promotes cardiac recovery; its concentrations, along with the level of troponin, reflect myocardial damage. Studies of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor also emphasize the importance and feasibility of its determination in diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. Evaluation of the level of meteorin-like protein can be useful in diabetes mellitus and assessing the risk of atherosclerosis. A reliable relationship has been established between apelin and irisin with carbohydrate metabolism disorders and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which also makes them promising therapeutic molecules. Mitsugumin 53 has shown relevance as a marker in atherosclerosis, but its effect on carbohydrate metabolism requires clarification. Serial myokine testing, including the use of multimarker panels, requires further study to confirm its relevance in clinical practice.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.