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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-198</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9162</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска летального исхода у пациентов с множественной миеломой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors associated with mortality in patients with multiple myeloma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9930-1588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болотин</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolotin</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Болотин Сергей Геннадьевич, врач-гематолог гематологического химиотерапевтического отделения</p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, д. 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey G. Bolotin, Hematologist of the Hematology and Chemotherapy Department</p><p>3a, Internationalnaya St., Ryazan, 390039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.bolotin5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-6356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьева Александра Викторовна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры факультетской терапии имени профессора В.Я. Гармаша</p><p>390026, Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Solovieva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Faculty Therapy Department</p><p>9, Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan, 390013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savva2005@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-5660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приступа</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pristupa</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Приступа Александр Сергеевич, к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии имени профессора В.Я. Гармаша; врач-гематолог гематологического химиотерапевтического отделения</p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, д. 3а; 390026, Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Pristupa, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Faculty Therapy Department; Hematologist of the Hematology and Chemotherapy Department</p><p>3a, Internationalnaya St., Ryazan, 390039; 9, Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan, 390013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpristupa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2905-8574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергеева Наталья Викторовна, студентка</p><p>390026, Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Sergeeva, Student</p><p>9, Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan, 390013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalyas2404@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая больница; Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital; Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Болотин С.Г., Соловьева А.В., Приступа А.С., Сергеева Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Болотин С.Г., Соловьева А.В., Приступа А.С., Сергеева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bolotin S.G., Solovieva A.V., Pristupa A.S., Sergeeva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9162">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9162</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. По данным зарубежных авторов, некоторые лабораторные маркеры, а также коморбидный статус, являются независимыми предикторами летального исхода при множественной миеломе (ММ).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Выявить факторы риска летального исхода у пациентов с ММ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 149 медицинских карт пациентов гематологического отделения ГБУ РО ОКБ г. Рязани с диагнозом «множественная миелома». Пациенты разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от клинического исхода: 1-я группа включает 90 живых пациентов; 2-я группа – 59 пациентов, летальный исход которых наступил в стационаре за период 2010–2019 гг. Из 149 пациентов 87 женщин (58%), 62 мужчины (42%). Средний возраст пациентов – 65,7 ± 8,7 года. Проанализированы клинико-демографические и лабораторные показатели групп, проведена оценка коморбидной патологии с использованием индекса Charlson.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 1-й группе пациентов мужчин было 35 (39%), женщин – 55 (61%). Соотношение мужчин и женщин 1 : 1,6. Средний возраст в этой группе – 67 ± 9,1 года. Вторая группа представлена 27 (46%) мужчинами, 32 (54%) женщинами. Средний возраст – 63,7 ± 7,6 года. В группе умерших всем пациентам была диагностирована III стадия заболевания, большинство пациентов имели В подгруппу, связанную с дисфункцией почек (р = 0,002). Анемия и маркеры почечного повреждения встречались чаще в группе умерших пациентов (р &lt; 0,001, р = 0,002 соответственно). При сравнительном анализе лабораторных показателей продемонстрировано: в гемограмме 1-й группы пациентов уровень эритроцитов, гемоглобина, тромбоцитов был значимо выше, чем во 2-й группе (p &lt; 0,05); значение креатинина, мочевины в группе умерших в 1,8 раза выше, чем в группе живых (p &lt; 0,05). Хроническая сердечная недостаточность в группе умерших встречалась статистически значимо чаще, чем в группе живых (22 против 7,8%, р = 0,025). Частота развития пневмонии в группе умерших превышает таковую в 1-й группе (р &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. К факторам риска летального исхода можно отнести такие проявления ММ, как анемия, тромбоцитопения, дисфункция почек, а также позднюю диагностику на III стадии заболевания. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность как осложнение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний является фактором риска неблагоприятного исхода. Коморбидность, инфекционные заболевания (пневмония) связаны с ухудшением прогноза, вероятно из-за более низкой переносимости стандартной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. According to foreign authors some laboratory markers and comorbidity are independent predictors of death in multiple myeloma (MM).</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To identify risk factors associated with mortality in patients with MM.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 149 medical records of patients of the hematology department of the Regional Clinical Hospital with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma was carried out. The patients are divided into two groups depending on the clinical outcome: the 1st  group includes 90 living patients; the 2nd  group includes 59 patients whose death occurred in the hospital during the period from 2010–2019. Of the 149 patients: 87 women (58%), 62 men (42%). The mean age of the patients was 65.7 ± 8.7 years. The clinical, demographic and laboratory indicators of the groups were analyzed, and comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson index.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the 1st  group of patients, there were 35 men (39%) and 55 women (61%). The ratio of men to women is 1:1.6. The mean age in this group is 67 ± 9.1 years. The 2nd  group is represented by 27 (46%) men, 32 (54%) women. The mean age was 63.7 ± 7.6 years. In the 1st  group of patients, all patients were diagnosed with stage III disease, with most patients in the subgroup associated with renal dysfunction (p = 0.002). Anaemia and markers of renal damage were more frequent in the group of deceased patients (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). Comparative analysis of laboratory indicators showed that in the haemogram of the group of living patients, the level of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, platelets was significantly higher than in group 2 (p &lt; 0.05); the level of creatinine, urea was 1.8 times higher in the group of deceased patients than in the group of living patients (p &lt; 0.05). Chronic heart failure was statistically significantly more common in the deceased group than in the living group (22% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.025). The incidence of pneumonia was higher in the deceased group than in the 1st  group (p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Risk factors associated with mortality include manifestations of MM such as anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction and late diagnosis at stage III of the disease. Chronic heart failure, as a complication of cardiovascular disease, is a risk factor for adverse outcome. Comorbidity, infectious diseases (pneumonia) are associated with a worse prognosis, probably due to poorer tolerability of standard therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>индекс Charlson</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>Charlson index</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Менделеева ЛП, Вотякова ОМ, Рехтина ИГ, Османов ЕА, Поддубная ИВ, Гривцова ЛЮ и др. Множественная миелома. 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